MRI信号强度观察椎间盘病变177例分析

本文通过MRI成像方法对177例病例进行了分析。其中椎间盘变性或突出95例,其它病例包括骨折外伤、肿瘤、结核等12例。测验结果:MRI检查椎间盘病变灵敏度为90.52％、特异性100％、正确性87.3％。但在肿瘤、结核及外伤病例组中的信号变化与正常组大致相同,说明病变侵及椎间盘甚微。     

Effects of gamma rays on the regeneration of murine hair follicles in the natural hair cycle

Purpose: This review evaluates the effects of γ-rays on the regeneration of murine hair follicles in the natural hair cycle. A series of studies were performed to investigate this issue, in which the whole bodies of C57BL/10JHir mice in the 1st telogen phase of the hair cycle were irradiated with γ-rays.

Results: The dermis of the irradiated skin showed a decrease in hair follicle density and induction of curved hair follicles along with the presence of white hairs and hypopigmented hair bulbs in the 2nd and 3rd anagen phases. An increased frequency of hypopigmented hair bulbs was still observed in the later hair cycle at postnatal day 200. There was no significant difference in the number of stem cells in the hair bulge region between control and irradiated skin.

Conclusions: These results show that the effects of γ-rays on the pigmentation of murine hair follicles are persistently carried over to later hair cycles, although those on the number and structure of hair follicles appear to be hidden by the effects of aging. Our findings may be important for understanding the mechanisms of the actions of stem cells on hair regeneration in connection with age-related phenotypes.     

腰椎间盘突出、脱出与膨出的病理基础及CT表现（附66例分析）

笔者搜集本院经ＣＴ诊断腰椎间盘突出、脱出与膨出的病变６６例，并对临床及ＣＴ表现进行了简要分析，着重探讨了三者的病理基础与ＣＴ征象，认为ＣＴ扫描对提供较明确的相关病变性质是有帮助的。同时还讨论了椎间盘病变的规律。     

膨胀加压骨栓治疗股骨颈及粗隆间骨折的临床研究与应用

为解决股骨颈骨折术后并发内固定物松动或游移导致手术失败的问题,研制了一种膨胀加压骨栓为顶力膨胀装置,利用旋转顶杆将套管叶片撑开,嵌入松质骨中,骨栓尾部的加压螺母使膨胀起来的头尾部双向加压使骨折端对合紧密牢固。与其它内固定物在不同载荷和不同扭力方面测试比较,并对施行手术的30例患者进行17～36个月的门诊随访,显示该骨栓在抗剪切力和控制骨折端旋转扭力方面明显优于三根针、三翼钉和加压钉。30例患者骨折全部愈合,按沈侠等评定标准,优良率达96.6％,无松动、游移现象。认为该骨栓结构合理,固定牢固,利于血运重建和骨折愈合,且操作简便,损伤小,术后不用外固定,便于护理和早期功能锻炼。     

Meeting overview

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effects of gamma rays on the regeneration of hair follicles are carried over to later hair cycles.

Materials and methods: The whole bodies of C57BL/10JHir mice in the 1st telogen phase were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co γ-rays. Mice were examined for the effects on hair follicles, including their number, morphology and pigmentation in the 3rd anagen phase. Effects of γ-rays on hair follicle stem cells were investigated by the indirect immunolabeling of keratin 15 (K15).

Results: Decreased hair follicle density and induction of curved hair follicles were observed in the dermis of irradiated skin. In addition, white hair and hypopigmented hair bulbs were found. The number of K15-positive hair follicle stem cells in the hair bulge region of irradiated skin appeared to decrease slightly but not significantly.

Conclusions: These results suggest that the effects of γ-rays are carried over to a later hair cycle to affect the number, structure and pigmentation of hair follicles in the 3rd anagen phase when stem cells and committed progenitors for keratinocytes and melanocytes are irradiated in the 1st telogen phase.     

用两种毛囊细胞构建细胞团以再生毛囊的初步研究

目的:探索体外制备毛乳头细胞和隆突部细胞复合而成的细胞团在体内构建毛囊的可行性。方法:分别分离培养毛囊毛乳头细胞、隆突部细胞,利用毛乳头细胞混合I型胶原制作细胞团包裹隆突部细胞团,移植于大鼠肾被膜下。结果:移植后的混合细胞团内有毛囊样结构产生。结论:毛乳头细胞和隆突部细胞复合形成的细胞团有生成毛囊的潜力,为组织工程皮肤中构建毛囊做了进一步铺垫。     

Three-dimensional comparative study of Merkel cell distribution in various body sites of guinea pigs and rats

Abstract The hair cycling pattern differs between humans and mice: for the former it is mosaic, while the latter show a wave pattern. We focused on the presence or absence of synchronization of the hair cycle based on the distribution of Merkel cells. The three-dimensional distribution and number of Merkel cells in the skin at various sites were determined in guinea pigs and rats. Using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, various types of hair follicles were obtained from the facial, abdominal, nipple, back, tail, perianal and plantar skin. Epidermal sheets containing numerous hair follicles were immunostained using monoclonal murine antibody CK20 which is generally accepted to be a specific immunocytochemical marker for Merkel cells of various species. Merkel cells were absent in the trunk skin of guinea pigs and rats, in complete contrast to the situation in humans. In vibrissa and other hair follicles within specialized sensitive areas, Merkel cells were found in varying numbers. Some differences in their distribution and number were observed between guinea pigs and rats. The absence of Merkel cells in the hair follicles of the trunk skin of rats and guinea pigs implies that Merkel cells are not essential for the induction and promotion of hair growth but have some different functional significance in hair follicles. Received: 7 April 1999 / Revised: 8 June 1999 / Accepted: 8 October 1999     

A high concentration of Merkel cells in the bulge prior to the attachment of the arrector pili muscle and the formation of the perifollicular nerve plexus in human fetal skin

The distribution of Merkel cells in human fetal hair follicles was studied using whole mounts of separated epidermis with attached hair follicles. The technique had the advantage of enabling the elucidation of the spatial relationships of Merkel cells with other cells in the skin. In a 16-week-old fetus the hair anlagen had formed one or two epithelial swellings of variable size. In a 17-week-old fetus sebaceous glands and the bulge of the hair follicle were recognizable and immunoreactive Merkel cells were present in the bulge and surrounding the acrotrichium (intraepidermal follicular canal). In a 20-week-old fetus the sebaceous gland and bulge were well formed and immunoreactive Merkel cells were concentrated in the bulge and infundibulum. In vertical sections of a 20-week-old fetus immunoreactive Merkel cells were also situated in the vicinity of the bulge. Arrector pili muscles were first observable in a 24-week-old fetus being weakly stained with anti-desmin antibody. In a 24-week-old fetus, nerves were also stained within the arrector pili muscles with S-100 protein antibody. In the presumptive arrector pili muscle immunoreactivity for S-100 protein developed before or at the same time as immunoreactivity for desmin. Merkel cells or their products in the bulge may serve as attractants for the growing arrector pili muscle which contain peripheral nerves. Following our report that dermal Merkel cells influence the formation of the dermal nerve plexus, perifollicular Merkel cells near the bulge may also play an inductive and growth-stimulative role for the perifollicular nerve plexus.     

Anterior external bony ear canal bulge

Objective

To study the prevalence of anterior external bony ear canal bulge.

Methods

Hundred patients each of the sexes among three races in Malaysia were studied with an otoscope and microscope.

Results

Anterior external ear canal wall bulge is seen in 34% of the Malays, 32% of the Chinese and 29.5% of the Indians

Conclusion

In about one third of the population in Malaysia an anterior canal wall bulge is seen.