细菌性皮肤病

阴囊皮损细菌培养及药敏试验结果分析；脓肿性穿掘性头部毛囊周围炎1例；皮肤紫色着色性细菌病2例报告；皮肤炭疽1例报告；定性研究方法在肺结核病人发现研究中的应用。     

手挤压伤术后神灯照射护理疗效分析

目的 探讨手挤压伤术后局部辅以神灯照射的护理方法和效果。方法 将100例手挤压伤术后病人随机分成观察组和对照组，观察组术后第2天开始局部辅以神灯照射，2次／d,30-60min/次。结果 两组比较，观察组在消肿、缓解疼痛、恢复未固定关节活动度等方面，，经统计学分析，P＜0．001，两组有显性差异。结论 神灯照射对手挤压伤术后局部消肿、止痛、促进手的功能恢复等方面取得了满意的效果，并且方法简便、安全、无副作用。     

推拿配合神灯、拔罐治疗肩周炎38例

笔者近年来,采用推拿配合神灯、拔罐的方法治疗肩周炎38例,效果满意,现报道如下. 1 临床资料 本组38例,其中男17例,女21例;年龄最大者66岁,最小者41岁;病程最短者1月左右,最长者1年余,患者均具有典型的肩周炎临床表现,X线及化验检查一般无异常发现.     

宫颈癌近距离放射治疗的护理

近年来。我院放疗中心对380例宫颈癌后装近距离照射的患者进行护理随访，就宫颈癌后装近距离照射的护理进行探讨。报告如下：     

Influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation in pigs with intracranial hypertension

BACKGROUND: Moderate hypothermia is one of the effective therapeutic methods for head injury in recent years, there are many mechanisms of moderate hypothermia for brain protection, and its influence on cerebral oxygenation is also one of them. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation of animals with acute intracranial hypertension, and further investigate the protective mechanism of moderate hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. MATERIALS: Twenty healthy little pigs, either male or female, weighing 4.5–5.5 kg, were used. Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system (Diametrics Company, British); CMA/100 micro-injection pump (Carnegie Company, Sweden). METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in November, 2001. The pigs were randomized into two groups: the normothermia group (control group, n =10) and moderate hypothermia group (n =10). ① Bilateral femoral arteries were separated, one was connected to pressometer for monitoring mean arterial pressure (MEP), and the other for analysis of blood gases [including peripheral blood pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), HCO3–]. ② Rectal temperature was monitored with mercurial thermometer. ③ Intracranial pressure was monitored using Camino optic ICP probe placed in the subdural space. ④ Neurotrend multiparameter monitoring sensor was inserted into the white matter for about 4 cm to determine cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP, CPP=MAP(ICP), brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), HCO3– and brain temperature. The rectal temperature of animals in the moderate hypothermia group was lowered to 34 ℃ using ice bags, and the body temperature was maintained at 33–35 ℃ for 2 hours. The changes of the parameters were observed continuously, and the pigs in the normothermia group were not treated with cooling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP; Indexes of cerebral oxygenation detected with Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system; ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group. RESULTS: All the 20 pigs were involved in the analysis of results. ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP and indexes of cerebral oxygenation: In the moderate hypothermia group, the ICP after cooling was obviously lower than that before cooling [(3.31±1.19), (5.33±0.95) kPa, P < 0.05], CCP was higher, brain tissue PCO2 [(12.03±1.73), (10.59±2.01) kPa, P < 0.05], and brain tissue pH value was higher [(7.03±1.63), (9.40±1.30) kPa, P < 0.05], whereas the brain temperature was decreased as compared with that before cooling [(34.9±0.3), (37.2±0.2) ℃, P < 0.05]. ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group: There were no significant differences in the parameters of peripheral arterial blood gases analysis before and after cooling in the moderate hypothermia group (P > 0.05) CONCLUSION: Moderate hypothermia will not impair the cerebral oxygenation, and it can reduce brain tissue CO2 and decrease brain tissue acidosis.     

EPID在食管癌放射治疗摆位误差研究

目的探讨电子照射野成像系统(EPID)在食管癌放射治疗摆位中的应用。方法收集2006年5月至2008年8月在福建医科大学协和临床学院放疗科行放射治疗的食管癌患者47例,分析患者行放射治疗时的EPID图像共231幅,并与CT-simDRR图像进行解剖标志比对,测出其治疗中心在X、Y、Z方向上的误差(dx、dy、dz),分析影响误差的相关因素。结果所有患者实际治疗中心与计划治疗中心在X轴上误差(dx-all)为(3.5±2.0)mm,Y轴上误差(dy-all)(4.4±2.6)mm,Z轴上误差(dz-all)为(-6.5±4.2)mm。dz-all与dx-all及dy-all差别有统计学意义(t=2.24,P=0.04)。颈段及胸上段患者的误差dx-up、dy-up、dz-up分为(2.5±1.4)、(3.2±1.5)、(-4.5±2.0)mm;中段(dm)及下段(dl)分为(4.2±2.3)、(5.2±2.9)、(-7.2±3.0)mm(;4.4±1.7)、(5.0±2.5)、(-6.8±2.9)mm。颈段及胸上段患者的误差(dup)明显小于胸中段及胸下段患者(dm及dl),差别有统计学意义(t=3.17,P=0.02;t=2.22,P=0.05;t=11.23,P=0.000)。放疗期间每周测患者体质量发现,随放疗次数的增加(时间增加),患者均出现不同程度体质量下降(0～2.5kg);分析体质量变化与治疗中心误差变化发现,不管是颈段、胸上段或是胸中下段肿瘤,摆位误差变化均与体质量的下降呈正相关,即体质量下降越多,误差越大,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论EPID可以满足临床治疗的要求,颈段、胸上段食管癌患者摆位误差明显小于胸中段及胸下段者,对于治疗期间体质量明显变化的患者及时进行重新定位有利于提高治疗精度。     

55名原子反应堆超剂量照射人员晶体20年动态观察

本文通过对55名原子反应堆超剂量照射人员的晶体20年动态观察,並与88名正常常人进行对照分析。超剂量照射人员中,最大累积吸收剂量为160.89拉德。虽然超过了人体最大允许剂量,但尚未达到致晶体混浊的最低剂量。所以,经20年晶体动态观察,未发现电离福射所致的晶体形态变化。说明电离辐射致晶体混浊的阈值量较高,晶体变化过程极为缓慢。     

颅脑损伤合并视神经损伤机制的探讨(附14例报告)

作者报告头部外伤伴视神经损伤患者１４例，并对视神经损伤机制进行讨论。本组病例占同期头伤４１６例的３．３％，不包括眼球直接受伤者。所有病例均由眼科医生行详细的眼科检查和确诊。本组视神经损伤的机制有多种，包手括力性损伤、压迫性损伤及颅内压增高等，作者认为在头伤的幸存者中，仔细的进行眼科检查，视神经损伤的发病率将会更高。在头伤患者的康复中，遗留的视觉损害是一值得重视的问题。     

异体骨髓移植前全身照射治疗白血病远期观察

异体骨髓移植前全身照射治疗白血病远期观察许素玲，苏茂昆，张瑾熔，刘浩，张纯，伊斯刊达尔自１９８４年１２月至１９９３年１１月，对２２例白血病患者进行异体骨髓移植（ＢＭＴ）前大剂量全身照射，观察长期生存和迟发放射反应。ｌ资料与方法１．１临床资料：全组２２...     

紫外线治疗感染创面用量23例体会

紫外线照射治疗感染创面是应用物理治疗的方法之一。早在18世纪就有医生认为阳光对伤口愈合有良好的作用。现在虽将紫外线用于照射浅表伤口，但关于创面照射剂量有分歧，还需进一步临床观察。为了更好地掌握紫外线的治疗剂量。准确地将紫外线的治疗剂量应用于各种创面，将1999年～2006年的创面治疗体会报告如下。