Medication Adherence App for Food Pantry Clients With Diabetes: A Feasibility Study

Low-income food pantry clients are unable to adhere to the diet and physical activity recommendations of the American Diabetes Association. The aim of the study is to test the feasibility of using a mobile phone app to improve diabetes medication adherence. Clients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes were enrolled in a mobile phone app featuring 70 days of text message reminders and incentives. The app and the 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale evaluated medication adherence. Clinically significant medication adherence of 93% was achieved with use of the app. Phone app use is feasible among urban low-income clients to improve medication adherence.     

Relationship between using cell phone and the risk of accident with motor vehicles: An analytical cross-sectional study

Purpose: Traffic accidents are one of the major health problems in the world, being the first cause of burden of illness and the second leading cause of death in Iran. The Sistan-Baluchestan province is one of the most accidental provinces of Iran with the highest rate of accidents-caused deaths. This study was conducted to determine the risk factors associated with traffic accidents in Zahedan through 2013 to 2016. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 223 drivers from Zahedan who were traumatized by traffic accident and sent to Zahedan hospitals. The data were obtained through interviews taken by the trained interviewers via refereeing to the medical records and collected in the researcher-made checklist. Census was obtained from the study subjects. For data analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Chi-square and logistic regression were used with the Stata software version 11.0. Results: In this study, 223 male subjects with the mean age of (32.54 ± 12.95) years, 39.8% single and 60.2% married, entered for investigation. Most accidents (38.8%) occurred between 12:00 to 17:59. While driving, 47.1% of the study subjects were using cell phones, 89.1% had manual use of mobile phones, 21.9% had a habit of sending short message service (SMS) and 23.4% had sent SMS within 10 min before the accident. The one way analysis of variance showed that the mean age of individuals with marital status, driving experience, education and accident with motorcycle were significantly different (p < 0.05). Also, the multivariate logistic regression test indicated a significant relationship of smoking, ethnicity, insurance and SMS typing while driving with motorcycle accident (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, SMS and smoking while driving had the highest risk among the variables studied in the motorcycle accidents. Therefore, effective education attempting to enhance people''s awareness about the consequences of using cell phone and smoking during driving to reduce traffic accidents seems necessary.     

In-ear-EEG – a portable platform for home monitoring

Abstract

There are many useful medical treatment devices today, which are indispensable in health care. However, in some emergency situations and in prehospital care mobile, easy-to-use devices could further improve the patient-centred care. For example, a mobile, easy-to-use home-monitoring EEG-system would be useful for monitoring diseases like epilepsy and for treating diseases like attention deficit disorder (ADHD) using biofeedback. Such a device should be equipped with the ability to start self-performed by user recordings and provide high signal quality, while having an affordable price. Here, we used in-ear-EEG technology and state of the art electronic components to develop such a system. This paper presents a portable, all-in-one EEG-system, capable to record biosignals on the external ear. An amplifier was developed with ADS1299 and optimised to be coupled with a smartphone. The system has a low price and at the same time provides high signal quality, has very effective common-mode-rejection, performs a fast cold start and shows low power consumptions which ensures a long time of operation. The system is easy to use and could be self-mounted and controlled by unskilled users as well. Results of test measurements are compared to a conventional EEG-System and show comparable records results quality.     

心理健康教育对大学生手机依赖及心理健康的干预效果

目的 分析心理健康教育干预(抑制控制训练联合积极情绪训练)对大学生手机依赖的干预效果。方法 对河南省3所高校600名大学生采用大学生手机成瘾倾向量表对其手机依赖情况进行调查,筛选存在手机依赖大学生随机分为对照组(66人)与观察组(67人),对照组给予抑制控制训练干预,观察组在此基础上联合积极情绪训练干预,比较2组干预前后手机依赖程度及心理健康状况的变化。结果 干预前2组手机成瘾量表评分、手机使用时间、心理弹性量表评分、认知情绪调节量表评分、抑制冲突效应量对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后3个月,观察组手机成瘾量表评分(37.11±5.01)分,低于对照组的(41.25±6.33)分;观察组手机使用时间(2.72±0.71)h,低于对照组的(3.37±0.55)h;观察组认知情绪调节量表评分(88.79±5.66)分、心理弹性量表评分(76.63±3.97)分,高于对照组的(81.14±4.79)分、(71.75±4.55)分;观察组抑制冲突效应量(40.35±10.22)ms,低于对照组的(45.14±5.66)ms,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。大学生手机成瘾倾向量表评分与认知情绪调节量表、心理弹性量表评分呈负相关(r=-0.397、-0.453,P<0.01),与冲突抑制效应量呈正相关(r=0.498,P<0.01)。结论 手机依赖直接影响大学生认知情绪调节及心理韧性;而以积极心理学为指导,开展抑制控制训练联合积极情绪训练,可减轻大学生手机依赖,提升认知情绪调节能力及心理韧性,改善自我控制能力,有助于促进其心理健康发展。     

Using aggregated mobile phone location data to compare the realised foodscapes of different socio-economic groups.

The foodscape (the built food environment) is considered one of the driving factors of the higher burden of obesity and chronic disease observed in low socio-economic status (SES) groups. Traditional data collection methods struggle to accurately capture actual access and exposure to the foodscape (realised foodscape). We assess the use of anonymised mobile phone location data (location data) in foodscape studies by applying them to a case study in Perth, Western Australia to test the hypothesis that lower SES groups have poorer realised foodscapes than high SES groups. Kernel density estimation was used to calculate realised foodscapes of different SES groups and home foodscape typologies, which were compared to home foodscapes of the different groups. The location data enabled us to measure realised foodscapes of multiple groups over an extended period and at the city scale. Low SES groups had poor availability of food outlets, including unhealthy outlets, in their home and realised foodscapes and may be more susceptible to a poor home foodscape because of low mobility.     

Coping With Stress Through Texting: An Experimental Study

PurposeTexting is used by many adolescents and has the potential to improve well-being, as youth can reach out for support immediately after experiencing a stressful situation. Many studies have examined whether texting is associated with well-being, but few have used experimental designs, preventing causal claims.MethodsIn this experimental study, 130 adolescents (M_age = 12.41) participated with a same-gender friend whom they texted regularly. Both adolescents completed a task that elicited stress and then engaged in one of the following randomly assigned activities: texting their friend, watching a video on a cellphone (passive-phone condition), or sitting quietly (no activity condition). Participants reported their mood and stress levels after the stress task and again after the activity. Heart rate variability was measured throughout.ResultsParticipants who texted their friend reported higher moods (b = ?.80, standard error [SE] = .24, p < .001, η_p² = .09) and lower stress at the end of the study than those in the no activity condition (b = .51, SE = .25, p = .046, η_p² = .04) and higher moods than adolescents in the passive-phone condition (b = ?.74, SE = .25, p = .004, η_p² = .08). No differences were noted between the passive-phone and no activity conditions. There were no differences in heart rate variability between the three conditions. The effects of texting on mood, self-reported stress, and heart rate variability did not differ by gender.ConclusionsBoth boys and girls may benefit from texting a friend after experiencing a stressful event.     

基于HART协议的实时设备管理系统

讨论了基于HART协议智能设备的实时管理系统,介绍了HART协议的基本规范,以及如何利用已有集散控制系统（DCS）和工厂信息网络的集成实现实时信息共享,取得了良好的实际效果。     

电磁辐射对小鼠神经系统超微结构影向的分析

目的探讨移动电话的电磁辐射对生物体的影响.方法用大众常用移动电话作为辐射源,工作频率为900MHz,功率密度为1190μW/cm2,在一定范围对小鼠辐射2h/d,30d后把小鼠断颈处死,取出大脑皮层、海马和小脑进行电镜观察分析.结果电镜所见,处理组与对照组小鼠的神经系统的细胞超微结构未见明显异常.结论一定时间内,移动电话的电磁辐射,对小鼠神经系统的细胞超微结构并没有明显影响.     

基于大学生群体的三种手机成瘾量表信效度及应用的比较研究

目的 比较三种手机成瘾量表在大学生手机成瘾测量中的一致性。方法 选取合肥市3所本科高校的1004名大学生,采用手机成瘾指数量表（MPAI）、智能手机依赖量表（SAS）、智能手机依赖量表简版（SAS-SV）同时进行手机成瘾倾向的测量,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）进行睡眠质量的测量,对122位学生在首次测评两周后进行重测。用Pearson相关系数描述三个量表得分之间的相关性;用符合率和Kappa系数衡量手机成瘾判定结果的一致性;用t检验、方差分析、logistic回归进行手机成瘾与大学生基本特征、相关因素的关联分析。结果 MPAI与SAS、MPAI与SAS-SV、SAS与SAS-SV得分之间的Pearson相关系数分别为0.72、0.74、0.95（P＜0.010）。MPAI与SAS-SV判定手机成瘾结果的符合率为64.6％,Kappa值为0.32（P＜0.001）。t检验显示,性别、专业属性与量表得分之间,三个量表结果一致;方差分析显示年级与量表得分之间,SAS与MPAI、SAS-SV的结果不一致。Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、专业属性与手机成瘾之间,MPAI、SAS-SV结果一致;睡眠与手机成瘾之间,MPAI、SAS-SV结果不一致。结论 三种量表的信效度均较好;量表得分的相关性较高,但MPAI和SAS-SV判定手机成瘾的一致性较差;在手机成瘾相关因素分析上,量表间存在不一致的现象。