荜茇宁对动脉粥样硬化家兔主动脉LOX-1和VCAM-1基因表达的影响

 目的观察荜茇宁对动脉粥样硬化(AS)家兔血凝素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1(LOX-1)和血管细胞间黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)mRNA表达的影响。方法采用高脂饲料喂养家兔建立AS模型,将32只兔随机分为正常组、模型组、荜茇宁组和阳性对照组,荜茇宁组和阳性对照组分别给予5mg·kg^-1·d^-1荜茇宁和辛伐他汀。8周后,采用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-timePCR)检测各组动物主动脉LOX-1,VCAM-1mRNA表达水平。结果模型组主动脉LOX-1,VCAM-1的表达量显著增加,分别是正常组的16.8和8.1倍;而荜茇宁组LOX-1,VCAM-1mRNA表达水平明显降低,分别是正常组的9.8和4倍,比模型组分别减少42%和51%。结论荜茇宁抑制AS兔主动脉LOX-1,VCAM-1mRNA的表达,这可能是其抗AS的一种作用机制。     

荜茇宁衍生物对高脂血症大鼠调脂作用及其机制的研究

目的：探讨荜茇宁（GBN）的衍生物（GBNT）对高脂血症大鼠的调脂作用,并考察其作用机制。方法高脂饲料喂养Wister 大鼠,建立高脂血症模型,造模同时连续灌胃给药8周后,腹主动脉取血,检测各组大鼠血清中总胆固醇（TC）,甘油三酯（TG）,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量;HE 染色检测肝脏病理学形态;Western blot 方法研究低密度脂蛋白受体（LDLR）,卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶（LCAT）,胆固醇7α-羟化酶（CYP7A）蛋白表达的变化。结果GBNT 低、高剂量组均能降低模型大鼠 TC、TG 和 LDL-C 的含量,升高 HDL-C 含量;上调 LDLR,LCAT,CYP7A1蛋白的表达;并减轻肝脏脂肪变性。结论GBNT 具有降低高脂血症模型大鼠血脂水平的作用,其机制可能与调节 LCAT,CYP7A1等脂质代谢酶表达有关。     

荜茇宁对家兔实验性动脉粥样硬化的影响

目的:观察荜茇宁对家兔实验性动脉粥样硬化(AS)形成的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养建立家兔AS模型,将兔随机分为5组:正常组,模型组,荜茇宁高、低剂量组分别给予荜茇宁5,2.5 mg.kg^-1.d^-1,辛伐他汀组给予辛伐他汀5 mg.kg^-1.d-^-1,连续喂养60 d。于实验前1 d及开始后第20,40,60天取空腹血检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),第60天检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)含量,随后处死动物,取主动脉和心脏做病理形态学检查。结果:与模型组相比,荜茇宁组的血清TC,TG,LDL-C水平降低(P<0.05或0.01),HDL-C有升高趋势,SOD,NO升高(P<0.05),MDA降低(P<0.05)。荜茇宁组主动脉斑块面积占总面积的百分比显著低于模型组(P<0.01);主动脉、心脏损伤程度减轻,冠状动脉狭窄程度轻于模型组(P<0.01);透射电镜观察显示荜茇宁组主动脉的超微结构病变程度明显轻于模型组。结论:荜茇宁能抑制AS斑块的形成和发展,其作用机制可能与调节血脂、抗氧化有关。     

荜茇宁对动脉粥样硬化家兔抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的：观察荜茇宁对实验性动脉粥样硬化（AS）家兔抗氧化酶类活性的影响。方法：以高脂饲料喂养家兔建立As模型，给予高脂饲料的同时给予荜茇宁，连续60d。检测血清、肝脏和主动脉组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）的活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量，并且测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的含量，计算各组兔主动脉粥样硬化斑块面积比。结果：荜茇宁能提高AS家兔SOD、CAT、GSH—Px的活性（P〈0．05），降低MDA（P〈0．05），并且降低血清代和LDL-C水平和主动脉斑块面积比（P〈0．05）。结论：荜茇宁具有增强抗氧化酶活性、调节血脂作用，可预防动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

Antihyperlipidemic Compounds from the Fruit of Piper longum L.

A bioassay‐guided isolation of an ethanol extract of the fruit of Piper longum L. yielded piperlonguminine, piperine and pipernonaline, as the main antihyperlipidemic constituents. They exhibit appreciable antihyperlipidemic activity in vivo, which is comparable to that of the commercial antihyperlipidemic drug, simvastatin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

荜茇宁对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及其相关基因表达的影响

目的 观察荜茇宁对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及其相关基因表达的影响.方法 饲喂高脂饲料建立高脂血症大鼠模型,荜茇宁分别按2.5、5、10 mg/kg给大鼠连续ig 4周.实验结束,取空腹血,检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白Al(ApoAl)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB);利用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定大鼠肝脏低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)、ApoB和3-羟基-3-甲基-戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(HMG-CoAR)mRNA的表达.结果 与模型组相比,荜茇宁能降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB水平及ApoB/ApoAl的值(P<0.05),升高HDL-C、ApoAl(P<0.05),能增强高脂血症大鼠LDLR mRNA表达(P<0.05),降低ApoB mRNA表达(P<0.05),但对HMG-CoAR mRNA的影响不明显(P>0.05).结论 荜茇宁具有调节高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的作用,其机制可能与提高LDLR基因转录水平,降低ApoB mRNA表达有关.     

石南藤化学成分研究

目的对石南藤Piper wallichii化学成分进行研究。方法应用硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶等色谱技术分离纯化,应用波谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果从石南藤中分离得到了5个化合物,分别为piperlonguminine(trans,trans)(1),4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基-苯甲酸(2),galgravin(3),β-谷甾醇(4)以及胡萝卜苷(5)。结论五个化合物均为首次从石南藤中得到,化合物1~3为首次从胡椒属中得到。     

在SK-N-SH细胞中抑制干预β-淀粉样前体蛋白裂解酶基因和淀粉样β前体蛋白基因

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have demonstrated that Piper futokadsura stem selectively inhibits expression of amyloid precursor protein （APP） at the mRNA level. In addition, the piperlonguminine （A） and dihydropiperlonguminine （B） components （1 ： 0.8）, which can be separated from Futokadsura stem, selectively inhibit expression of the APP at mRNA and protein levels. OBJECTIVE： Based on previous findings, the present study investigated the effects of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme （BACE1） and APP genes on the production of β-amyloid peptide 42 （Aβ42） in human neuroblastoma cells （SK-N-SH cells） using small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） and A/B components separated from Futokadsura stem, respectively. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A gene interference-based randomized, controlled, in vitro experiment was performed at the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministries of Education and Public Health, and Institute of Pharmacologic Research, School of Pharmaceutical Science ＆ Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shandong University between July 2006 and December 2007. MATERIALS： SK-N-SH cells were provided by Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; mouse anti-human BACE1 monoclonal antibody was purchased from R＆D Systems, USA; mouse anti-human APP monoclonal antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, USA; and horseradish peroxidase （HRP）-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG was provided by Sigma, USA. METHODS： The human BACE1 cDNA sequence was obtained from NCBI website （www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez）. Three pairs of siRNAs, specific to human BACE1 gene, were synthesized through the use of Silencer pre-designed siRNA specification, and were transfected into SK-N-SH cells with siPORT NeoFX transfection agent to compare the effects of different concentrations of siRNAs （10-50 nmol/L） on SK-N-SH cells. Futokadsura stem was separated and purified with chemical methods, and the crystal was composed of A/B components, with an A to B ratio of 1：0.8. The A/B （1 ： 0.8） components were added to the SK-N-SH cells at different concentrations （13.13, 6.56, and 3.28 mg/mL）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Using RT-PCR and Western blot methods, BACE1 and APP expression at mRNA and protein levels was detected in SK-N-SH cells following treatment with different siRNAs and concentrations of Futokadsura stem-separated A/B components, respectively. Altered Aβ42 secretion by SK-N-SH cells was determined by ELISA. RESULTS： BACE1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly suppressed by 40 and 50 nmol/L siRNAs at 48 hours post-transfection. A/B components （1 ： 0.8）, which were separated from Futokadsura stem, selectively inhibited mRNA and protein expression of APP in SK-N-SH cells. Aβ42 secretion by SK-N-SH cells was significantly decreased following treatment with siRNAs or A/B components. CONCLUSION： Inhibition of BACE1 and APP genes by various materials and methods efficiently decreased production of Aβ42.     

蒙药荜茇提取物荜茇宁的致畸试验研究

目的： 探讨蒙药荜茇提取物荜茇宁对大鼠的致畸作用。方法：将Wistar孕鼠75只随机分成5组,每组15只。受试组于妊娠第6～15天分别灌胃高 (500 mg/kg)、中 (100 mg/kg)、低 (20 mg/kg)剂量的荜茇宁混悬液,阴性对照组灌服等容量0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠水溶液,阳性对照组于妊娠第11天一次性腹腔注射环磷酰胺10 mg/kg。记录妊娠第0、3、7、10、13、16、20天孕鼠的体质量。于妊娠第20天处死,剖腹检查受孕情况及胎鼠外观和内脏、骨骼形态。结果：与阴性对照组相比,荜茇宁各剂量组对孕鼠外观,胎鼠外观、胎鼠生长指标和胎鼠顶骨、胸骨、肋骨等骨骼的骨化程度以及胎鼠主要脏器,均无明显影响 (P>0.05)。在实验过程中,500 mg/kg荜茇宁剂量组出现了2个吸收胎,但与阴性组相比,差异无统计学意义 (P>0.05)。结论：荜茇宁在本实验条件下,对孕鼠和胎鼠均无明显的胚胎毒性和致畸毒性。     

In vivo growth inhibition of sarcoma 180 by piperlonguminine, an alkaloid amide from the Piper species

Many authors have already emphasized that phytochemicals from spices have biological applications. Piperlonguminine is a known alkaloid amide from peppers, including Piper divaricatum. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of piperlonguminine in experimental models. In order to evaluate the toxicological aspects related to piperlonguminine treatment, hematological, biochemical, histopathological and morphological analyses of treated animals were performed. Piperlonguminine did not show any significant in vitro cytotoxic effect at experimental exposure levels, but showed an in vivo antitumor effect. After 7 days of treatment, the inhibition rates were 38.71% and 40.68% at doses of 25 mg kg(-1) and 50 mg kg(-1), respectively. The histopathological analysis suggests that the liver and kidney were only weakly affected by piperlonguminine treatment. Neither the enzymatic activity of transaminases (AST and ALT) nor the urea levels were significantly altered. In the hematological analysis, all parameters analysed remained constant after piperlonguminine treatment. In conclusion, these data reinforce the anticancer potential of spice components.