1987年石家庄市结核病流行病学抽样调查

对石家市结核病的流行情况进行了随机抽样调查,共抽取24个调查点(市区8个、郊县16个)35745人。调查结果:平均患病率及菌阳患病率为0.63％和1.27％,其中郊县与市区分别为0.67％和0.54％及1.60‰和0.42‰(Ρ<0.01);15岁以下儿童有卡痕者,其结素反应阳性率年龄曲线,在7岁和12岁表现为低谷;1～3岁卡痕检出率,市区与郊县分别为90.5％与35.4％(Ρ<0.01)。通过本调查表明,我市结核病患病率高于全国1985年调查的平均数值。     

Comparison of characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with head and neck cancer and those with gastric cancer

In ongoing reviews of 339 patients with surgically treated primary squamous cell carcinoma, there were 19 (5.6%) with concurrent gastric cancer and 11 (3.2%) with head and neck cancer. The incidences of intra-esophageal multiple occurrence of esophageal cancer are 27.3% and 26.3% in those with associated head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, respectively, and higher than 7.1% in those without such a concurrent cancer. There was no difference in the clinicopathological characteristics of those with concurrent head and neck and gastric cancers, except for the higher incidence of metachronous occurrence in the former. These findings suggest that, in cases of esophageal cancer associated with concurrent head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, intraesophageal multiplicity of the esophageal carcinoma is frequent and that preoperative serial evaluations is most important to design treatment and estimate the prognosis.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和转化生长因子-β在实验性近视中的研究进展

bFGF(碱性成纤维细胞生长因子，basic fibmblast growth factor)和TGF-β(转化生长因子-β，transfbmling growth factor-β)是体内分布广泛、具有多种生物学功能的两种细胞因子。近年的研究发现，实验性近视发生发展过程中视网膜及巩膜的bFGF和TGF-β含量发生改变，而外源性的bFGF和TGF-β也可影响近视的形成，表明bFGF和TGF-β与近视具有密切的关系。其可能的机制为：在异常的视觉环境中，视网膜上的hFGF和TGF-β含量发生变化，作为信号，传递到巩膜，进而影响巩膜细胞的增殖及细胞外基质的降解，使巩膜重新塑形，眼轴过度延长，形成近视。本研究就这两种生长因子和近视的相关研究做一论述。     

老年急性心肌梗死113例临床分析

目的探讨老年人急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特征。方法对本院1994年￣2004年113例住院的老年急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果113例中非典型胸痛及无胸痛症状者41例(36.28%);出现并发症者86例(76.11%);有伴发症者102例(90.27%);行溶栓治疗51例(45.13%);死亡37例(32.74%)。结论相当部分老年人AMI临床症状不典型,多无诱因,并发症及伴发症多且溶栓率低而死亡率高。     

Evaluation of a method to determine the natural occurrence of aflatoxins in commercial traditional herbal medicines from Malaysia and Indonesia

Traditional herbal medicines, popularly known as ‘jamu’ and ‘makjun’ in Malaysia and Indonesia, are consumed regularly to promote health. In consideration of their frequent and prolonged consumption, the natural occurrence of aflatoxins (AF) in these products was determined using immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. The evaluated method, which entails dilution of sample extracts with Tween 20–phosphate buffered saline (1:9, v/v) and a chromatographic system using isocratic mobile phase composed of water–methanol–acetonitrile (70:20:10, v/v/v), was effective in separating AFB₁, AFG₁ and AFG₂ from interference at their retention times. Results were confirmed using post-column derivatization with photochemical reactor. For 23 commercial samples analyzed, mean levels (incidence) of AFB₁, AFB₂ and AFG₁ in positive samples were 0.26 (70%), 0.07 (61%) and 0.10 (30%) μg/kg, respectively; one sample was positive for AFG₂ at a level of 0.03 (4%) μg/kg. In contrast to the high levels of AF in crude herbal drugs and medicinal plants reported previously by other researchers, the low contamination levels reported in this study may be attributed to the higher selectivity to AF of the method applied. Based on the AFB₁ levels and the daily consumption of positive samples, a mean probable daily intake of 0.022 ng/kg body weight was calculated.     

Arthroscopically treated intraarticular osteoid osteoma in the ankle-a report of 3 cases

We present 3 cases of arthroscopically treated intraarticular osteoid osteoma of the ankle. Emphasis is on the high index of suspicion for this lesion, the appropriate imaging modality and the efficacy of arthroscopic excision of these tumors with superficial location in the talus and tibial plafond.     

Texture analysis of ultrasound images is a sensitive method to follow‐up muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise

The grey level of co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM) is a texture analysis approach accounting for spatial distribution of the pixels from an image and can be a promising method for exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) studies. We followed up the time changes of two GLCM texture parameters and echo intensity (EI) on ultrasound images after eccentric contractions. Thirteen untrained women performed two sets of ten elbow flexions eccentric contractions. Ultrasound images were acquired at baseline and 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h after exercise. Two GLCM texture parameters were calculated for the brachialis muscle: contrast (CON) and correlation (COR). Peak torque, EI, muscle thickness (MT) and soreness were measured. The peak torque and soreness decreased immediately after the intervention in comparison with all the measures. MT increased immediately after the intervention remaining for 72 h (P<0·05). Significant increases (P<0·05) were observed for COR (48, 72 and 96 h) and EI only at 72 and 96 h. The increasing COR represents high similarity between grey levels, which could be observed on US images after few days on eccentric training for elbow flexors.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术在脾切除术中的应用效果与术后感染发生的危险因素

目的：探讨腹腔镜与开腹手术在脾切除术中的应用效果与术后感染发生的危险因素。方法：172例需行脾切除手术治疗患者根据随机抽签原则分为治疗组与对照组,对照组予常规开腹脾切除术,治疗组予腹腔镜下脾切除术,观察两组患者的预后效果,进行术后感染的危险因素分析。结果：治疗组术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间和术后住院时间明显少于对照组。治疗组术后感染发生率为1.2%明显低于对照组的5.8%。多因素非条件Logistic 回归分析显示影响脾切除术后感染发生的独立危险因素主要为开腹手术、年龄和并发糖尿病。结论：脾切除术后感染与开腹手术、年龄和并发糖尿病有关,腹腔镜下脾切除能促进患者的康复,减少术后并发症的发生,值得推广应用。