中枢神经系统白血病血清神经元特异性烯醇酶测定的临床意义

目的 探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇酶与中枢神经系统白血病之间的关系。方法 对确诊的30例急性白血病患者及匹配的正常人的血清神经元特异性烯醇酶进行测定。结果 中枢神经系统白血病组血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量21．92 7．5μg/L均明显高于白血病组、对照组，差异有显著性。结论 血清神经元特异性烯醇酶可作为反映中枢神经系统白血病病情的生化指标。     

Endocrine differentiation of extra-pulmonary small cell carcinoma demonstrated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies to PGP 9.5, neuron-specific enolase and the C-flanking peptide of human pro-bombesin

Several recent studies have confirmed the endocrine nature of small cell carcinoma of the lung. In extra-pulmonary sites, small cell 'undifferentiated' carcinomas have classical morphological features similar to their pulmonary counterpart. We therefore investigated, using immunocytochemistry, the possibility that the non-pulmonary neoplasms may also be endocrine in nature. Sections of 29 small cell carcinomas from oesophagus, stomach, larynx, colon and urinary bladder were immunostained using antisera to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin, leucocyte common antigen and peptides including bombesin, the C-flanking peptide of human probombesin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, neurotensin, calcitonin and pancreatic polypeptide. All the tumours showed immunoreactivity for at least one of the two general endocrine markers PGP 9.5 and NSE. Twenty-three of the 29 cases were immunoreactive for PGP 9.5, 27 for NSE. All were positive for cytokeratin and negative for leucocyte common antigen. Of the regulatory peptides, immunoreactivity was obtained with antisera to bombesin (one case), the C-flanking peptide of human pro-bombesin (14 cases), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (one case) and calcitonin (three cases). No PGP 9.5-, NSE- or peptide-like immunoreactivity was detected in 25 control tumours from similar sites, including lymphomas and poorly differentiated tumours. These results suggest that non-pulmonary small cell carcinoma has an endocrine character.     

Caudal end of the rat spinal dorsal horn

We have previously demonstrated that the transformation of the caudal spinal cord through the conus medullaris to the filum terminale takes place in three steps. In the conus medullaris the twin layers of CGRP-immunoreactive and IB4-labeled primary afferent fibers as well as the translucent portion of the superficial dorsal horn equivalent to the substantia gelatinosa discontinue before the complete removal of the dorsal horn. Parallel with these changes VGLUT1-immunoreactive myelinated primary afferent fibers arborize not only in the deep layers but also in the entire extension of the remaining dorsal horn, while scattered CGRP fibers still remains at the margin of and deep in the dorsal horn. PKCgamma-immunoreactive dorsal horn neurons discontinue parallel with the disappearance of the IB4-labeled nerve fibers. These observations suggest that in the dorsal horn certain neurons are linked to the substantia gelatinosa, while others are substantia gelatinosa-independent neurons.     

流行性乙型脑炎患儿血清及脑脊液中神经元特异性烯醇化酶含量变化与临床关系

分析神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NSE)含量与流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )患儿脑损伤程度的关系 ;探讨NSE在乙脑发病机制中的作用。方法　采用双抗体夹心法检测NSE含量。结果　乙脑患儿血清及脑脊液中NSE含量在初期即有增高 ,极期达高峰 ,恢复期下降。比较各型乙脑患儿血清及脑脊液中NSE含量 ,显示初期和极期差异有显著统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,恢复期差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　NSE含量的测定对乙脑患儿脑损伤程度的判断有重要的参考价值。     

神经元特异性烯醇化酶对脑膜炎患儿的诊断价值

目的探讨脑脊液神经元特异性烯醇化酶(CSF-NSE)对脑膜炎患儿的诊断价值。方法采用ELISA对18例化脓性脑膜炎(化脑)、13例结核性脑膜炎(结脑)及25例病毒性脑膜炎(病脑)及18例正常儿童CSF-NSE进行测定。结果与对照组比较,化脑及结脑患儿CSF-NSE水平均显著升高(P均<0.05);病脑患儿无显著性差异(P>0.05);化脑及结脑患儿CSF-NSE水平较病脑患儿显著升高(P<0.05);化脑、结脑、病脑患儿CSF-NSE与其CSF白细胞数及蛋白水平均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论CSF-NSE测定可作为鉴别化脑和病脑的重要参考指标之一,也可作为评价脑膜炎患儿病情严重程度及预后的生化指标。     

NO供体硝普纳损伤脊髓背根神经元模型的建立

目的在乳鼠背根神经节神经元原代纯化培养方法的基础上,采用硝普钠(SNP)制备背根神经节神经元损伤模型。方法取乳鼠背根神经节,加入5-氟-2'-脱氧尿苷(5-FUDR)以纯化细胞,MEM-F12培养基培养,用神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)免疫组织化学染色鉴定神经元。神经元培养至第八天分别加入不同浓度SNP(500,50,5μmol·L-1)制备背根神经节神经元损伤模型,用台盼蓝染色进行细胞计数,MTT法测定培养神经元活力。结果培养的脊髓背根神经节神经元生长状态正常,纯化培养纯度高于90%,可存活两周以上。培养的背根神经节神经元加入SNP作用后,随着浓度增加,神经元死亡率逐渐升高。结论采用SNP制备的脊髓背根神经节神经元损伤模型稳定、可靠,可以作为相关实验研究的理想的体外实验模型。     

��������71��������Ԫ������ϩ����øS-100β�仯�����ٴ��������

目的探讨神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100β对肠道病毒71型(EV71)脑炎的早期诊断及脑损伤程度的评估价值。方法选取2008年5月至2010年12月山东大学齐鲁儿童医院重症监护室(PICU)收治的EV71脑炎患儿(EV71脑炎组)100例,同期住院的其他病毒性脑炎患儿89例为其他病毒性脑炎组,非神经系统感染患儿22例为阴性对照组。采用ELISA法检测所有EV71脑炎组及其他病毒性脑炎组患儿急性期及恢复期脑脊液与血清NSE及S-100β蛋白含量,检测阴性对照组患儿急性期及恢复期血清NSE及S-100β蛋白含量及急性期脑脊液NSE及S-100β蛋白含量,并分别进行比较。结果 EV71脑炎组急性期脑脊液、血清及恢复期血清中NSE与S-100β高于阴性对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。EV71脑炎组急性期脑脊液中NSE低于其他病毒性脑炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EV71脑炎组急性期血清与恢复期脑脊液、血清中S-100β蛋白低于其他病毒性脑炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EV71脑干脑炎组急性期与恢复期脑脊液、血清中NSE显著高于普通脑炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);EV71脑干脑炎组急性期与恢复期脑脊液、血清中S-100β蛋白显著高于EV71普通脑炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清与脑脊液中NSE与S-100β有明显相关性(r=0.782、0.734,P均<0.01)。结论监测手足口病患儿脑脊液与血清NSE、S-100β可早期诊断是否合并中枢神经感染,并可评估脑损伤程度及预后。