痛情绪相关神经递质及神经环路研究进展＊

痛情绪是指因疼痛引发的情绪和情感体验，是疾病过程中最常见的一种情绪。痛情绪相关神经机制非常复杂，但主要与单胺类神经递质、神经肽和某些神经环路有关，笔者将结合目前研究现状分别从以上两方面展开，就痛情绪相关单胺类神经递质和神经肽在受体分类、脑区通路、共疾病以及各神经递质之间的联系和痛情绪相关神经环路中各个蛋白的作用机制等方面进行探讨。     

Deepm5C: A deep-learning-based hybrid framework for identifying human RNA N5-methylcytosine sites using a stacking strategy

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Comparison of multiple methods of assessing parental emotion language discourse and their effects on Preschooler’s emotion understanding

The current study explored the influence of three methods of parental emotion discourse (structured story-telling, reminiscing, and picture book) and their relation to preschoolers’ emotion understanding. Thirty-seven families participated in the study. Analyses showed that the structured story-telling method produced more emotion words, was high in unique emotion words, and was high for both emotion labelling and explanations. All three methods showed some potential to predict preschooler’s emotion understanding. Structured story-telling was best at predicting role-taking, while reminiscing and the picture book both were better at predicting situation knowledge. Additional studies are needed to further explore the influence of different methods of assessing emotion discourse to enhance validity and reliability of research in this field.     

护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者负性情绪的影响

目的总结并归纳护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者负性情绪的影响。方法本文挑选100例医院急性心肌梗死患者(2017年2月—2018年2月)为对象。按建档时间分组,对照组50例患者(常规护理),分析组50例患者(加用人文性护理)。比较两组对疾病的了解程度及护理前后焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪的评分,随访1年,比较两组复发率。结果护理后分析组对疾病了解程度高于对照组(P<0.05);护理前分析组焦虑、抑郁评分同对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),提示可比;护理后,分析组焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后分析组1年内复发率(8.00%)低于对照组(24.00%)(P<0.05)。结论在急性心肌梗死患者的护理中,人文性护理干预可显著改善患者负性情绪,改善患者预后,且可有效降低患者复发率。     

核酸及核苷酸用于营养及免疫调节治疗的早期卫生技术评估

目的 评价核酸或核苷酸用于临床营养支持和免疫调节治疗的安全性、有效性和经济学价值。方法 检索中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE光盘数据库、EMBASE光盘数据库,并联机检索SCI数据库,鉴定有关随机对照试验(RCTs),采用RevMan4.l进行Meta-分析。结果 纳入46个随机对照试验,涉及核酸/核苷酸用于肠内营养支持、婴儿营养、免疫调节治疗。18个研究报告了含核苷酸组分的免疫增强型肠内营养对外科术后和危重症患者预后的影响,合并分析发现免疫营养对患者感染率、住院时间和费用有肯定意义。发现1个报告在母乳代用品中加入核苷酸对婴儿免疫功能影响的研究,但报告对临床结局无明显影响。27个对“免疫核酸”用于免疫调节治疗的随机对照试验均为低质量研究,合并分析无法肯定iRNA的临床价值。结论 在外科术后患者应用免疫肠内营养制剂可降低感染率、缩短住院时间并可能减少住院费用,但不能确定作为组分之一的核苷酸的作用。尚无证据支持在母乳代用品中添加核苷酸具有临床意义。不能肯定免疫核酸是否具有免疫调节作用,亦未发现核酸在延缓衰老、改善老年人健康状况方面的可用证据。建议对核酸、核苷酸用于营养支持治疗和免疫调节治疗进行进一步研究,严格规范“核酸营养品”的宣传和应用。     

Differential Regulation of RGS-2 by Constant and Oscillating PTH Concentrations

PTH has diverse effects on bone metabolism: anabolic when given intermittently, catabolic when given continuously. The cellular mechanisms underlying the varying target cell response are not clear yet. PTH induces RGS-2, a member of the Regulator of G-protein Signaling protein family, via cAMP/PKA, and inactivates PKC-mediated signaling. To investigate intracellular signaling pathways with different PTH concentration-time patterns, we treated UMR 106-01 osteoblast-like cells in a perfusion system. PTH was administered intermittently (4 min/h, 10⁻⁷ M) or continuously at an equivalent cumulative dose (6.6 × 10⁻⁹ M). cAMP was measured using radioimmunoassay, mRNA levels using real-time rtPCR and ribonuclease protection assay, and protein levels using Western immunoblotting. A single PTH pulse transiently increased cAMP levels by 2000% ± 1200%. In contrast to continuous PTH exposure, cAMP induction remained unchanged with intermittent PTH, ruling out desensitization of the PTH receptor. In continuously perfused cells, RGS-2 abundance was three to five times higher than in cells intermittently exposed to PTH for up to 12 h. MKP-1 and -3 were significantly less induced with pulsatile PTH; exposure-mode-dependent differences in MMP-13 and IGFBP-5 were small. Pulsatile but not continuous PTH administration prevents PTHrP receptor desensitization and accumulation of RGS-2 in osteoblasts, which should preserve PKC-dependent signaling.