改良Foerster-Dandy手术治疗痉挛性斜颈

目的 探讨改良Foerster-Dandy手术治疗痉挛性斜颈的疗效。方法 回顾分析2001年7月至2004年6月显微手术治疗的26例痉挛性斜颈病人，全部采用改良Foerster-Dandy手术，即枕后正中入路硬膜下双侧副神经根、C1脊神经根切断、C2～C4脊神经前、后根选择性部分切断术。结果 全部病人平均随访12．8个月。100％病人术后立即感痉挛状态明显缓解，随访期间缓解率为100％。生活质量提高率在随访期间为96％。术后所有病例发生不同程度转颈无力、耸肩无力、双臂外展受限，随访期间均有所好转，1例病人发生头颈部支撑困难，并因此而影响生活质量。随访期间无复发病例。结论 改良Foerster-Dandy手术是治疗痉挛性斜颈安全有效的手术方法。选择合适病例、熟悉局部解剖、掌握显微手术技巧是保证疗效的关键。     

Dystonia gravidarum: a new case with a long follow-up.

We report a case of cervical dystonia occurring in a 33-year-old without personal history of movement disorder but with family history of essential tremor, primigravid, primiparous woman at 1 weeks' amenorrhea, resolved completely after delivery in the course of 3 months. Dystonia never recurred in the following 5 years. Several neurological disorders are known to occur or worsen during pregnancy. As far as we know, this is the second reported case of dystonia occurring during pregnancy, thus confirming that dystonia gravidarum represents a new entity and should be considered in women of reproductive age affected by dystonia, especially when presenting with rapid-onset cervical dystonia.     

灸法治疗青少年痉挛性斜颈30例疗效观察

痉孪性斜颈是以颈部肌肉不随意收缩为特点，患者不自主的一阵阵的斜着头的颈部颤动性疾病。笔者在临床工作中，应用灸法治疗本病，取得明显效果，现报道如下。     

胸锁乳突肌部分切除术治疗先天性肌性斜颈

目的 :探讨先天性肌性斜颈松解的方法和效果。方法 :采用胸锁乳突肌部分切除术治疗先天性肌性斜颈45例。结果 :45例均获得良好矫正。结论 :胸锁乳突肌部分切除术疗效优于胸锁乳突肌切断术。术后局部粘连少 ,没有复发。包括颈阔肌、颈深筋膜的彻底松解是手术成功的关键。     

百忧解治疗痉挛性斜颈的效果和机理探讨

目的探讨百忧解治疗痉挛性斜颈的疗效和机理.方法分析6例痉挛性斜颈的治疗过程.结果6例病人应用百忧解治疗均有效果.结论百忧解治疗痉挛性斜颈是有效的,其发病可能与5-羟色胺浓度降低有关.     

胸锁乳突肌应用解剖学研究

了解胸锁乳突肌和副神经的解剖关系及在痉挛性斜颈中的作用,为手术治疗痉挛性斜颈的切口 和方法提供解剖依据。方法：观测活体成人男女各１００名例胸锁乳突肌长度、宽度,标本６５具（男３５具,女３０具） 该肌长、宽和厚度及其周围结构。结果：见乳突尖向胸锁乳突肌前缘４ ｃｍ（上 １／４下 ３／４交点）和向下至后缘５ ｃｍ （上中１／３交点）处连线深面有副神经（８０％±１５％）,该处是切断胸锁乳突肌及其副神经肌支的最佳部位之一。二腹 肌后腹深面为高位结扎切断副神经点,若再向上易伤颈内静脉。在胸锁乳突肌深面的副神经最大横径为（２．３± ０．５）ｍｍ。结论：沿副神经的体表投影线,设计出和投影线相应的手术切口,切断副神经和部分胸锁乳突肌是治疗痉 挛性斜颈的较好部位。     

Swallowing,speech, and brainstem auditory-evoked potentials in spasmodic torticollis

To explore the controversial brainstem theory of spasmodic torticollis, eight consecutively referred patients were examined. Three independent examinations were conducted on the same day: a videofluoroscopic barium swallowing examination, an instrumental speech examination, and a brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP) analysis. Swallowing was normal in two patients; speech physiology, in five; and BAEPs, in all. Normal BAEPs refute the brainstem theory, while abnormalities of speech and swallowing temper this conclusion. Several alternative explanations are proposed.The authors have no commercial or proprietary interest in any product mentioned in this article.     

Benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy: An underdiagnosed condition

Benign paroxysmal torticollis is probably an under‐diagnosed condition of infancy. It is a self‐limiting disorder characterised by periods of unusual, sustained posture of the head and neck, during which the head tilts to one side. Episodes are often accompanied by marked autonomic features, irritability, ataxia, apathy and drowsiness. They last several hours to a few days and are often recurring every few weeks. They subside within the pre‐school years; however, during later childhood, there is a tendency to develop migraine. Three cases of benign paroxysmal torticollis are presented and are compared with cases in the literature. A telephone survey has been conducted to determine what is the general awareness of paediatricians of this condition in Cyprus. Eighty‐two paediatricians were randomly selected out of 235 paediatricians. All of them agreed to participate. Our cases revealed that benign paroxysmal torticollis may coexist with other problems during infancy. The telephone survey showed that only two out of eighty‐two (2.4%) of the paediatricians are aware of the condition, and none of them was confident regarding the management. Our telephone survey clearly shows that Cypriot paediatricians are not familiar with benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy which is a benign, self‐limiting disorder. It is essential to recognise the condition and to reassure parents of its benign course and not to be misdiagnosed for other disorders, such as epileptic seizures. We have shown again that benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy may coexist with motor delay and hearing problems.