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1.
Despite common experiences of identity damage, decline, and deterioration, many brain injury survivors succeed in reconstructing robust identities in the wake of injury. Yet, while this accomplishment greatly benefits survivors’ quality of life, little is known about how positive identity work might be facilitated or enhanced in therapeutic institutions. Drawing on data from a women’s self-help group, we argue that an egalitarian, reflective, strength-focused, and gender-segregated environment can provide female ABI (acquired brain injury) survivors with a fertile scene for identity enhancement and offer unique opportunities for collective identity development. Sociolinguistic interactional analysis revealed four types of positive identity work undertaken within the group: constructing competent selves; tempering the threat of loss and impairment; resisting infantilisation and delegitimisation; and asserting a collective gender identity. This identity work was facilitated by specific programme attributes and activities and contributed to the global project of decentring disability and destigmatising impairments and losses. We call for increased attention to identity issues in brain injury rehabilitation and argue that gender-segregated programming can provide a unique space for female survivors to construct empowering individual and collective identities after injury. 相似文献
2.
《Patient education and counseling》2022,105(12):3501-3508
ObjectiveCambodian Americans have complex, interrelated and persistent medical and mental health problems stemming from genocide and the social determinants of health. We examined changes in multiple domains of self-reported health outcomes from a diabetes prevention trial. Methods: Cambodian Americans with depression and high risk for diabetes (n = 188) were randomized to one of three community health worker interventions: lifestyle vs lifestyle plus medication therapy management vs social services. Assessments were at baseline, 12- and 15-months. Results: The typical participant was 55 years old, female, earned below $20,000 annually, and had 7 years of education. About one-third were taking antidepressant medication and over half had elevated depressive symptoms. Relative to social services, lifestyle and lifestyle plus medication therapy management were both similarly effective at increasing diabetes knowledge, nutrition habits, sleep quality and decreasing pain; 2) lifestyle alone was superior to social services for self-reported health; and, 3) all three groups showed improved anxiety and insomnia. There were no effects on physical activity or physical functioning. Conclusion: Community health worker interventions have multiple benefits beyond delaying diabetes. Practice Implications: Health promotion programs that are designed and delivered appropriately can impact even hard to reach and hard to treat groups. 相似文献
3.
背景 现有研究表明,抑郁是影响大学生心理健康的重要原因之一。因此,有必要采取有效的方法干预大学生抑郁情绪。目的 探究循经冥想训练干预大学生抑郁情绪的效果。方法 2018年4月,在以循经冥想课题组的名义招募的某大学本科生中,发放抑郁自评量表(SDS),筛选出自愿接受循经冥想训练的60人。根据受试者性别比例,采用随机数字表法随机分为循冥组和静息组。其中循冥组30人进行4周循经冥想训练,在开始循经冥想训练前和循经冥想训练结束后填写SDS并进行E-prime情绪图片评价任务。静息组30人进行静息训练,其余与循经冥想组相同。比较两组前测、后测及前后测差值有无差异。结果 两组前测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组后测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分前测与后测差值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。静息组前测与后测积极、中性、消极情绪图片评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。循冥组后测积极情绪图片评分低于前测、消极情绪图片评分高于前测(P<0.05)。两组前测SDS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。循冥组后测SDS评分低于静息组,SDS评分前测与后测差值高于静息组(P<0.05)。循冥组和静息组后测SDS评分均低于前测(P<0.05)。结论 循经冥想能降低大学生抑郁水平,可能是由于其能够改变人的情绪认知评价和睡眠质量,使人变得平和。 相似文献
4.
医疗行为的特殊性,决定了医患双方在医学信息方面的不对称性和医者拥有一定的自由裁量权,因此,医者作为医疗服务的主体,如何增强自律意识,直接关系到诚信的树立及和谐的互动式医患关系的建立和发展。 相似文献
5.
Andrea Lamont-Mills Steven A. Christensen 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2006,9(6):472-478
This study looked at the relationship between athletic identity and three levels of sport participation (elite, recreational, non-participation). Athletic identity was measured using the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) with participants being compared on the total AIMS score and scores on its three factors (social identity, exclusivity, negative affectivity). Results indicated that the male non-participation group scored lower on all three factors and the total AIMS when compared to the two athlete groups. The male elite and recreational groups did not differ on exclusivity and negative affectivity but did differ on the total AIMS and social identity, with elite scoring higher than recreational. For female participants, the non-participation group again scored lower on all three factors and the total AIMS when compared to the two athlete groups. The female elite and recreational groups did not differ on negative affectivity but did differ on the total AIMS, social identity, and exclusivity, with elite scoring higher than recreational. Findings suggest that to assume sport is only important to elite athletes ignores the role that sport may play for less talented sport participants. Whilst not seeing themselves as athletes per se, it is suggested that participation in sport may still impact upon the self-perceptions of recreational sport participants. Therefore, threats to participation may result in similar negative consequences for both elite athletes and recreational sport participants. 相似文献
6.
高中生自我和谐与应对方式及其相互关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的了解高中生自我和谐、应对方式的特征及其相互关系,为开展心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用自我和谐量表及简易应对方式问卷,对755名高中生进行问卷调查。结果高中生总分和各因子分在性别、是否独生子女、城乡、文理科等方面差异均无统计学意义,自我和谐总分存在年级差异;积极应对和消极应对维度在性别、是否独生子女、城乡、文理科等方面差异均无统计学意义,消极应对维度存在年级差异。应对方式与自我和谐总分及分量表得分存在不同程度的相关。结论采用积极应对方式有助于促进高中生的自我和谐,而消极应对方式对自我和谐存在不利影响。 相似文献
7.
目的探讨大学生的自我和谐与交往焦虑的特点和关系。方法采用自我和谐量表和交往焦虑量表对310名大学生进行调查。结果男生在自我灵活性和自我和谐上得分低于女生(P〈0.01),研究生在自我灵活性上得分低于本科生(P〈0.01),理科生在社交焦虑上得分低于文科生(P〈0.05);高自我和谐组在社交焦虑上得分低于低自我和谐组(P〈0.05);从总体上看,社交焦虑与自我与经验的不和谐、自我刻板性、总体的自我和谐均呈正相关(P〈0.01)。结论大学生的自我和谐和社交焦虑之间均存在相关,自我和谐对社交焦虑具有良好的预测作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
Brigitta Stockinger Catriona F. Gran Barbara Hausmann 《European journal of immunology》1993,23(1):6-11
The fifth component of complement (C5) is a self antigen expressed in serum of normal mice at a concentration of about 50 μg/ml. We have previously shown that C5 is constitutively processed and presented by antigen-presenting cells (APC) in normal mice to induce and maintain complete tolerance in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted T cells. This report addresses the question of whether C5 presentation involves exogenous antigen which has been internalized for processing or whether intracellular, biosynthesized C5 is being presented with MHC class II. Macrophages were found to synthesize, but not secrete C5 in bone marrow chimeras made from irradiated C5-deficient [C5(?)] hosts reconstituted with C5-sufficient [C5(+)] bone marrow [C5(+) ← C5(?)]. In these mice, macrophages are the only source of C5. [C5(+) ← C5(?)] chimeras are not tolerant of C5 and generate C5-specific T and B cell responses upon immunization indistinguishable from those of C5(-) mice. Macrophages from [C5(+) ← C5(-)] chimeras are unable to activate C5-specific T cell hybrids in vitro unlike macrophages from a C5(?) strain that has matured in a C5-expressing environment [C5(?) ← C5(+) chimeras]. This shows that under physiological conditions in vivo intracellular C5 does not get access to the class II presentation pathway and thus, does not induce tolerance in class II-restricted T cells. 相似文献
10.
Rats trained to reach for food pellets into a narrow tubular feeder consistently prefer to perform this stereotype instrumental movement with either the left or right forepaw. In 16 rats with established handedness electrodes were implanted into both lateral hypothalami. The animals were rewarded by intracranial self stimulation (ICSS, 300 msec, 50 Hz, 20-60 microA) for reaching into a modified feeder for a plastic ball operandum, the movement of which between the bottom and entrance of the feeder was monitored by mechanical contacts. The rats readily continued to reach when ICSS was delivered immediately after the photoelectrically detected reach or after the displacement of the operandum. Most rats learned in a single session to modify the movement when ICSS delivery was made contingent upon holding the operandum between the bottom and entrance of the feeder for 256 or 512 msec. The efficiency of reaching (ratio of successful reaches to all reaches) decreased with increasing holding time; only a few animals were able to master a 1024 msec delay. Reaching was supported by ICSS of either lateral hypothalamus. Whereas in 8 rats the strongly expressed forepaw preference was not changed by lateralized ICSS, in 8 latently ambidextrous animals stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus ipsilateral to the preferred forepaw increased reaching with the normally non-preferred forepaw from 15% to 60%. Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus contralateral to the preferred forepaw did not change the preference. The preference shift was equally well expressed in simple and difficult versions of the task. It is concluded that lateralization of motivational influences can be reflected in the asymmetry of the neural mechanisms processing the lateralized sensory signals and/or elaborating the lateralized motor output. 相似文献