Treatment of posterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion by a minimally-invasive open posterior approach

ObjectiveTo assess the surgical technique and report the outcomes following fixation of PCL bony avulsions through mini-invasive posterior knee approach as described by Burks and Schaffer.MethodsFrom June 2012 to July 2015, 27 patients enrolled in the study (21 males and 6 females). Fixation of tibial PCL avulsion fractures was done with one or two cannulated screws, or sutures through Burks and Schaffer’s approach. The mean interval before surgery was 16 days (1–70) .Patients was followed up for an average of 51 weeks. The outcome measures evaluated at final follow-up were (1) clinical stability as assessed by posterior drawer test, (2) radiologic union, (3) functional assessment by Lysholm score, and (4) gastrocnemius muscle strength as a measure of morbidity.ResultsAverage operative time was 43 min. Improvement of both subjective Lysholm score (mean 93) and objective stability testing by posterior drawer test (returns to normal in 81.1% of patients) at the final follow-up. Good radiographic union at average of 5.6 weeks. No morbidity of the gastrocnemius with few complications.ConclusionsThe approach was fast and safe with excellent visualization. It allows surgeons to address other injuries in the same setting. It can be considered as a minimally-invasive open surgery without surgery-related morbidity. It is a reproducible technique that can be done at any trauma centre by surgeons with average experience. The subjective and objective results of the technique are excellent and comparable to the arthroscopic procedures that needs more specific centres with well-trained surgeons.     

Simultaneous colorectal and parenchymal-sparing liver resection for advanced colorectal carcinoma with synchronous liver metastases: Between conventional and mini-invasive approaches

The optimal timing of surgery in case of synchronous presentation of colorectal cancer and liver metastases is still under debate. Staged approach, with initial colorectal resection followed by liver resection (LR), or even the reverse, liver-first approach in specific situations, is traditionally preferred. Simultaneous resections, however, represent an appealing strategy, because may have perioperative risks comparable to staged resections in appropriately selected patients, while avoiding a second surgical procedure. In patients with larger or multiple synchronous presentation of colorectal cancer and liver metastases, simultaneous major hepatectomies may determine worse perioperative outcomes, so that parenchymal-sparing LR should represent the most appropriate option whenever feasible. Mini-invasive colorectal surgery has experienced rapid spread in the last decades, while laparoscopic LR has progressed much slower, and is usually reserved for limited tumours in favourable locations. Moreover, mini-invasive parenchymal-sparing LR is more complex, especially for larger or multiple tumours in difficult locations. It remains to be established if simultaneous resections are presently feasible with mini-invasive approaches or if we need further technological advances and surgical expertise, at least for more complex procedures. This review aims to critically analyze the current status and future perspectives of simultaneous resections, and the present role of the available mini-invasive techniques.     

Bösch technique for hallux valgus surgery in a tropical setting

ObjectivesTo evaluate the early clinical and radiological results using the Bösch technique to treat hallux valgus.Material and methodsWe reviewed retrospectively four patients with 6 feet undergoing the Bösch technique for mild and moderate hallux valgus from 2009 to 2012 with an average follow-up of 10.8 months. All patients complained of pain around the first metatarsophalangeal joint. They had cosmetic concerns, and difficulty in wearing shoes. At final follow-up patients were asked about the improvement of pain, cosmetic appearance of the foot, problems with wearing shoes, the ability to walk, and their satisfaction with the operation. Complications encountered were also recorded. The radiographic evaluation considered osteotomy site union, the hallux valgus angle, and the intermetatarsal angle.ResultsAll patients complained of mild or no pain. They had a satisfactory cosmetic result, wore normal shoes without problems with no limitation of walking ability. They were satisfied with the procedure. One case of superficial infection was noticed. All osteotomies healed primarily within three months. The average hallux valgus angle improved from 32.7° preoperatively to 14.8° at final follow-up and the average intermetatarsal angle from 17.5° to 9.2°.ConclusionThe Bösch technique is a cost effective procedure that yields good clinical and radiological results while correcting mild and moderate symptomatic hallux valgus with reduced risk of surgery related complications.     

微创术对脑出血后脑水肿患者血浆明胶酶B的影响

目的探讨高血压性脑出血微创术对清除血肿后脑水肿患者血浆明胶酶B(MMP-9)的影响。方法127例脑出血患者随即分为内科治疗组60例、微创术血肿抽吸引流组67例;采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定脑出血后第3天、第7天和第21天血浆MMP-9含量。结果微创组和内科治疗组血浆中MMP-9含量均升高;两组治疗后第3、7天的含量与治疗前(发病24h内)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后不同时间点血浆中MMP-9含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创组能减少患者血浆MMP-9含量的增加。     

微创钻孔穿刺引流冲洗术治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿

目的：探讨微创钻孔穿刺引流冲洗术治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿的临床疗效。方法：采用YL-I型一次性颅内血肿穿刺针在局麻下对26例慢性硬脑膜下血肿患者行微创钻孔穿刺引流冲洗术观察其疗效。结果：经治疗有25例患者治愈。治愈率为96．2％，术后无手术并发症。有一例血肿包膜厚有钙化，术后复发，行骨瓣开颅血肿切除术治愈。结论：微创钻孔穿刺引流冲洗术是一种简捷、安全，微创、有效的治疗慢性硬脑膜下血肿的方法。     

Salivary gland endoscopy: new limits?

Sialendoscopy is a new minimally invasive technique allowing exploration of the submandibular and parotid ducts with treatment for sialolithiasis and stenosis. Used for diagnostic purposes, sialendoscopy may be an alternative to classical radiological methods. As an interventional technique, it allows a significant reduction in the number of indications for submandibular and parotid resections.     

微创颅内血肿清除术潜在并发症的预见护理

目的预见微创颅内血肿清除术后的潜在并发症，探讨护理对策，提高微创术的成功率，提高生存质量。方法配合医师采用YL-I型颅内血肿粉碎穿刺针，根据CT片选择病灶面积最大层面中点为靶点，在局部麻醉下经头皮钻颅骨直达血肿腔，进行冲洗、液化、引流的过程中，预见可能发生的潜在并发症，而采取护理对策。结果有效的护理干预可及时发现和避免并发症，降低死亡率。结论微创颅内血肿清除术潜在并发症可以通过有效的护理干预来预防。     

采用MIPPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的 探讨胫骨远端骨折的治疗方法。方法 采用微创接骨板固定技术（MIPPO）治疗胫骨远端骨折42例，对其进行分析评定。结果 本组42例病人中，除外1例因开放损伤软组织损伤严重而出现创周皮肤坏死外，其他病人均伤口一期愈合，骨折如期愈合，功能恢复良好，无感染及内固定松动等并发症。结论 用MIPPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折，具有手术简便易行、手术损伤小、出血少、手术时间短、骨折固定牢靠、愈合快、不易产生并发症、关节功能恢复良好、易被患者接受等优点，是一种较好的治疗胫骨远端骨折的方法。     

Vertebroplasty as treatment of aggressive and symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas: up to 4 years of follow-up

Introduction  This study aimed to illustrate the validity of the treatment with vertebroplasty (VP) in patients with aggressive or symptomatic vertebral hemangioma (VH) with or without epidural extension. Methods  From January 2003 to December 2007, 24 consecutive patients have been treated with VP, for a total of 36 vertebral bodies affected by VH: two cervical, ten dorsal, 24 lumbar. All the patients complained of a pain syndrome resistant to continuous medical medication; four of 24 patients also presented aggressive magnetic resonance features of the vertebral lesion and two patients showed also epidural extension. A unipedicular approach has been performed in 16 patients; a bipedicular approach has been performed in six, while for the cervical spine an anterior–lateral approach with manual dislocation of the carotid axis has always been performed. Bone biopsy was never done. All procedures have been carried out with local anesthesia, except for the treatment of the cervical hemangiomas which has always been performed under general anesthesia. Four vertebral bodies in the same session have been treated in one case. Results  Results have been evaluated with the visual analog scale and the Oswestry Disability Index methods. In all the patients, in the following 24–72 h, a successful outcome has been observed with a complete resolution of pain symptom. Extravertebral vascular or discal cement leakage has been observed in four patients, without any onset of clinical radicular syndrome due to epidural diffusion. Clinical and radiological follow-up until 4 years has been performed in 12 patients and it showed stability of the treatment and absence of pain. Conclusions  Percutaneous treatment with VP for aggressive and symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas even with epidural extension is a valuable, mini-invasive, and quick method that allows a complete and enduring resolution of the painful vertebral symptoms without findings of fracture of a vertebral body adjacent or distant to the one treated.