乙肝孕妇血清标志物模式与HBV-DNA载量及肝功能关系研究

目的探讨乙肝孕妇血清标志物模式、HBV-DNA载量及肝功能三者之间的关系,为孕期乙肝病毒感染情况的监控和乙肝病毒母婴传播的预防提供参考。方法选取2019年1月-11月在我院产检的767例乙肝表面抗原阳性孕妇的乙肝血清标志物模式、肝功能指标的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alamine aminotransferase,ALT)及HBVDNA载量进行研究,探讨三者间的关系。结果HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb阳性组孕妇HBV-DNA阳性率及病毒载量均高于其余两组(P<0.05);ALT升高程度与HBV-DNA载量具有一定相关性(r=0.255,χ^2=80.150,P=0.000);HBeAg阳性组和HBeAg阴性组间HBV-DNA阳性率、ALT异常率差异均有统计学意义。结论HBV-M、HBV-DNA与肝功能之间有一定的相关性,大三阳孕妇中高病毒载量比例高,应加强乙肝孕妇孕期各项指标的监测,必要时进行干预治疗。     

Inter-ictal assay of peripheral circulating inflammatory mediators in migraine patients under adjunctive cervical non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS): A proof-of-concept study

Objective

To assay peripheral inter-ictal cytokine serum levels and possible relations with non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) responsiveness in migraineurs.

Intra-seasonal variation of injury patterns among German Bundesliga soccer players

ObjectiveHigh fluctuations in injury-risk during the playing season in soccer have been reported. As seasons are structured in periods with homogenous loads and intensities, we investigated injury-risk over season periods, contrarily to previous studies adopting a month-based approach.DesignCohort study; Level of evidence, 2.MethodsIncidence-rate ratios (IRRs) for match and training injuries were compared across six consecutive seasons of German Bundesliga, divided into six periods each: Pre-season (PS), winter-break (WB), quarter 1–4: (Q1–Q4).ResultsSignificant variations in injury-risk were observed for match and training injuries. IRRs in matches was 1.30 (95% CI: 1.11–1.53) times higher in Q3 and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.31–1.78) higher in Q4 compared to Q1. For training injuries, IRR peaked in Q1 and Q3 followed by a marked decrease in each subsequent quarter. Compared to Q4, IRR was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.40–1.86) times higher during Q3 and 1.78 (95% CI: 1.53–2.07) times higher in Q1. IRR was significantly higher in the competitive season compared to pre-season across match (IRR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.30–3.00) and training (IRR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.11–1.43) injuries.ConclusionsThe increased match IRRs later during the season indicate that, in practice, coaches should consider putting even more emphasis on recovery in the last part of the season. Moreover, training injuries seem to indicate a carry-over effect. Further studies need to investigate how training during preparatory phases can be implemented in a way that prevents injuries during the competitive season.     

超声造影增强模式鉴别软组织肿块良恶性

Objective: To investigate the ability of contrast enhancement patterns of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in differentiating benign and malignant soft tissue tumours.     

神经电生理对腓总神经卡压的诊断价值

目的 观察神经电生理检测对腓总神经卡压的诊断价值。方法 对腓总神经卡压的临床特征及病因进行分析，并作神经传导速度和肌电图检测和分析。结果 21条患病神经中1条神经波形消失。其余有不同程度的传导速度减慢，尤其是跨腓骨小头段，波幅降低，传导时间延长，42块腓总神经支配的肌肉中有30块出现失神经电位。结论 神经电生理检查在腓总神经卡压的诊断中有重要意义。     

脊髓损伤大鼠的阴茎海绵体肌电图研究

目的探讨海绵体肌电图诊断脊髓性勃起功能障碍的价值。方法将24只成年雄性SD大鼠(300～400 g)分成:对照组、T9和L6损伤组(每组8只)。损伤脊髓1周后,用肌电图仪采集注射阿朴吗啡前后阴茎肌电数据,采集频率20～3 000 Hz、扫描速度5 ms／d、灵敏度10 μV／d。用t检验方法分析统计数据。结果对照组使用阿朴吗啡10 min均方根振幅为(5．60±0．89)μV, 大于T9损伤组(3．60±1．14)μV(P<0．05);使用阿朴吗啡前、使用后5 min和10 min高／低功率比均为0．05±0．03,小于L6损伤组0．13±0．04、0．15±0．07、0．13±0．07(P<0．05)。T9损伤组使用阿朴吗啡后5 min和10 min平均频率分别为(122．40±47．99)、(151．80±76．42)Hz,较L6损伤组(278．83±118．66)、(265．00±81．35)Hz低(P<0．05)。结论海绵体肌电图对脊髓性勃起功能障碍有诊断价值。     

Exploration simplifiée des atteintes plexiques par réduction aux atteintes nerveuses et radiculaires connues

The anatomic complexity of the brachial plexus makes its electrophysiological exploration difficult. Electrodiagnosis nevertheless plays a crucial role in assessing brachial plexopathies, particularly in the perspective of post-traumatic surgical reconstructions. The evaluation aims to locate as precisely as possible injuries within the plexus, as well as to determine their severity and capacity for recovery. This requires various sensory nerve conduction studies and needle EMG recordings of “marker” muscles. Plexopathies differ from radiculopathies by altered sensory nerve responses and unaltered functional innervation of paracervical muscles. We propose to simplify the exploration of brachial plexopathies by following some practical rules derived from a reanalysis of the brachial plexus anatomic sketch. Two main simplification rules can be deduced from an analysis of the anatomic sketch. First it would be judicious to associate the plexopathies involving a single element of the brachial plexus with distinct etiological and symptomatic patterns according to the altered element, as one does for peripheral nerve and root pathologies. The second proposal relies on the observation that each supraclavicular “truncal” element (upper, middle, or lower) of the brachial plexus results from reunion of cervical root nerves and behaves like a “super-root” for the upper limb, while each infraclavicular “cord” element (posterior, lateral, or medial) is the sum of two or more peripheral nerves and behaves like a “super-nerve”. Accordingly, the motor and sensory abnormalities associated with the lesion of a single plexus branch may occupy a clinical and electrophysiological territory that recovers those of its constituants. Except the unaltered paracervical muscles, it is useful to reduce the topographical semiology of truncal lesions to well-known cervical radiculopathies (upper trunk neuropathy to C5 and C6 associated radiculopathies, middle trunk neuropathy to C7 radiculopathy, lower trunk neuropathy to C8 and T1 associated radiculopathies); and that of cord lesions to well-known mononeuropathies of the upper limb (for example, a posterior cord neuropathy may be considered as a full radial mononeuropathy associated with an axillary one). This method of simplification allows to demystify the brachial plexopathies and to facilitate their comprehension and exploration.