色素性扁平苔藓

报告1例色素性扁平苔藓。患者男，20岁。躯干及四肢出现褐色斑疹半年余，无自觉症状。皮肤科检查见躯干及四肢散在大小不一、边界清楚的褐色斑疹和斑片，部分呈条索状，部分皮损肥厚、浸润。皮损组织病理改变符合色素性扁平苔藓。     

Tyrosine hydroxylase and methionine-enkephalin in the human mesencephalon. Immunocytochemical localization and relationships

The immunocytochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and methionine-enkephalin (met-enkephalin) was determined at two representative caudal and rostral levels of the human mesencephalon. Four main groups of catecholaminergic neurons were delineated, situated in the substantia nigra and the lateral, ventromedial and dorsomedial tegmentum, extending over several cytoarchitectonic divisions. They matched fairly well the dopaminergic cell groups described in monkey midbrain. TH-like immunoreactivity and neuromelanin were closely related in neurons of substantia nigra, but less so in the other groups. A widespread met-enkephalinergic innervation was observed in most areas containing catecholaminergic neurons. It followed a characteristic pattern: homogeneous and very dense in the lateral and posterior portions of substantia nigra; patchy and less dense in the other areas, the medio-ventral and periaqueductal gray being only sparsely innervated, in contrast to observations in rodents. Dopaminergic cell bodies surrounded by met-enkephalinergic varicosities were seen in most groups, particularly in the lateral substantia nigra and medioventral tegmentum. The topography of met-enkephali-like immunoreactive terminals in the substantia nigra was reminiscent of the distribution of neostriatal and pallidal afferents.     

Effects of dizocilpine (MK-801) on rat midbrain dopamine cell activity: differential actions on firing pattern related to anatomical localization

Summary The effects of the non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dizocilpine ((+)-MK-801) on the firing pattern of midbrain dopamine neurons were studied with single cell recording techniques in male albino rats anaesthetized with chloral hydrate. The extracellularly recorded electrical activity of single, identified dopamine neurons was studied with respect to firing rate, burst firing and regularity of firing. MK-801 (0.01–1.0 mg/kg IV) induced different effects in different subgroups of midbrain dopamine neurons. In the substantia nigra, firing rate was increased while the pattern was regularized and burst firing slightly increased. In the ventral tegmental area, firing rate and regularity of firing was also increased while effects on burst firing were bidirectional. Histological inspections revealed that neurons which responded with an increase in burst firing were mainly located in the nucleus paranigralis subdivision of the ventral tegmental area, while cells responding with a decrease were predominantly found in the nucleus parabrachialis pigmentosus subdivision. The effects of MK-801 were similar to previously described effects of phencyclidine, another non-competitive NMDA antagonist. The present effects of MK-801 might shed some light on the mechanisms involved in psychotic symptoms induced by phencyclidine and other non-competitive NMDA antagonists.     

An atypical clinical presentation of lichen planus pigmentosus with typical dermoscopic pattern

We report a rare and interesting case of a combined linear, Blaschkoid and zosteriform pattern of lichen planus pigmentosus. Dermoscopy showed discrete bluish‐grey dots, globules, blotches and rods against a brownish background. A skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis from the presence of civatte bodies, melanin incontinence and band‐like inflammation.     

10例色素痣恶变临床分析

目的早期判断色素痣恶变的临床征象。方法报告分析10例色素痣恶变。结果色素痣恶变为恶性黑色素瘤见于交界痣与混合痣。结论色素痣恶变的诱因为长期慢性刺激、创伤、不恰当的治疗及治疗时未全部去除痣细胞等。     

色素性扁平苔藓并发皮革样胃癌伴转移1例

患者男,68岁,维吾尔族。全身起黑褐色皮疹伴瘙痒1年。查体见躯干及四肢近端散在分布米粒至手掌大黑褐色扁平丘疹和斑块,界清,表面有蜡样光泽,可见wickham纹。消化道钡透示:瀑布型胃,胃腔缩小,黏膜粗乱—皮革胃样改变。皮损组织病理示:表皮轻度角化过度,色素增多,灶状基底细胞液化变性,真皮浅层较多淋巴组织细胞浸润,可见较多嗜色素细胞。IHC:HMB-45阴性,CK5/6表皮阳性,LCA阴性,S-100阴性,Ki-67阴性。诊断:色素性扁平苔藓;皮革样胃癌(胃小弯处淋巴结转移)。     

CO2激光结合Nd:YAG激光治疗色素痣的临床观察

目的：评价CO2激光结合Nd：YAG激光治疗色素痣的疗效。方法：先用CO2激光选择连续脉冲，小功率输出，烧灼皮损到周围正常皮肤水平，继之用Nd：YAG激光治疗，治疗面部色素痣128例、768个皮损。结果：Ⅰ、Ⅱ级(痊愈 显效)率为96．76％。治疗次数平均为1.32次。结论：采用CO2激光结合Nd：YAG激光治疗面部色素痣疗效肯定，治愈率高，疗程短。多数患者无明显瘢痕形成。