Odds ratio of risk factors for oral submucous fibrosis in a case control model

Our aim was to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of various epidemiological, social, behavioural, and dietary risk factors for oral submucous fibrosis in a population-based case control study. We did this in rural and urban Lucknow by organising oral health camps in the community, where a total of 3136 subjects were enrolled. Panmasala, a dry commercial preparation containing areca nut, slaked lime, catechu, and condiments, with or without tobacco, was the most important aetiological factor for the disease. The 95% confidence interval (CI) of the OR for tobaccoless panmasala ranged from 4.77 to 6.88 and for tobacco panmasala from 4.55 to 9.71. OR using multivariate analysis was 14.09 for tobaccoless panmasala and 5.39 for tobacco panmasala. Patients who use panmasala are at high risk of developing oral submucous fibrosis.     

卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织中细胞角蛋白、CA125、抑制素α的表达及临床意义

目的:观察卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织中细胞角蛋白(CKpan)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、抑制素α(inhibinα)表达水平,探究其临床意义。方法:选取2012年1月至2015年1月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌患者73例,通过手术取其卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织。另选择73例因宫颈癌切除卵巢且无卵巢转移患者的正常卵巢组织作为对照。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测CKpan,CA125和inhibinα的表达水平,分析CKpan,CA125,inhibinα与卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌临床病理特征及预后关系。结果:正常卵巢组织、子宫内膜异位症卵巢组织、卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织中CKpan和CA125表达率依次升高,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);正常卵巢组织、子宫内膜异位症卵巢组织、卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织中inhibinα表达率依次降低,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CKpan与CA125蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.476,P<0.05),CKpan与inhibinα蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.493,P<0.05),CA125与inhibinα蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.473,P<0.05)。CKpan,CA125,inhibinα蛋白表达均与分化程度、肌层浸润、FIGO分期、淋巴结是否转移有关(P<0.05);CKpan,CA125高表达组3年存活率、中位生存时间均显著低于低表达组(P<0.05);inhibinα低表达组3年存活率、中位生存时间显著低于高表达组(P<0.05)。低分化、FIGO分期III^IV、淋巴结转移、CKpan高表达、CA125高表达是影响卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌患者预后的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);inhibinα高表达是独立保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:CKpan,CA125在卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌组织中高表达率高,inhibinα高表达率低,三者与卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌患者分化程度、肌层浸润、FIGO分期、淋巴结转移等临床病理参数及预后密切相关,可能参与卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌发生发展。     

PPAR受体双重/泛激动剂存在的问题及前景

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)是一类配体依赖的核转录因子,属于核受体超家族。目前单纯的PPARγ激动剂类药物并不能有效预防糖尿病心血管并发症,而PPARα/γ双重激动剂能在增加胰岛素敏感性的同时还能预防心血管并发症。这类化合物正在临床试验并计划用于治疗伴有心血管并发症的2型糖尿病。研究发现,PPARα/γ双重激动剂具有意想不到的不良反应,这给临床应用带来了一系列的问题。现就PPAR受体双重/泛激动剂研究和发展中存在的问题及前景进行分析。     

非接触生命参数检测系统扫描探测技术的研究

详细介绍非接触生命参数检测系统扫描探测技术研究的思路和软/硬件设计。解决了非接触生命参数检测系统中雷达探测方向和角度问题。该技术界面友好,操作简便,扩大了系统的用途。     

Predictors of tobacco and alcohol consumption and their relevance to oral cancer control amongst people from minority ethnic communities in the South Thames health region, England

The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of the health behaviour of ethnic groups in relation to alcohol and tobacco use. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out using network sampling amongst community groups in the South Thames region of the United Kingdom. Self-classified ethnic groups were identified: Black-African; Black-Caribbean; Indian; Pakistani; Bangladeshi and Chinese/Vietnamese. A total of 1113 people were recruited in the study. In all of the ethnic groups, men were more likely than women to smoke tobacco. Chewing of pan and tobacco was common in the South Asian communities and alcohol consumption was high among the Black-Caribbean group. Those factors were predicted by education, employment, gender and being born in the UK. It is important to examine the determinants of such risk behaviours in order to aid appropriate targeting of health promotion interventions, particularly those related to cancer control.     

IMPORTANCE OF THE FISTULA TRACT ANGLE IN FISTULA TRACT DISRUPTION IN PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY

Background : The fistula tract angle formed by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was examined. Also, the previous literature on fistula tract disruption is reviewed and the possible influence of the fistula tract angle on fistula tract disruption by non‐endoscopic catheter change is discussed. Methods : A total of 15 patients aged 24–80 years were examined.The fistula tract angle was measured as the angle of elevation between the tangent line at the orifice of the PEG stoma and the longitudinal axis of the catheter. Results : Values of the angle ranged from 56 to 90° (mean 77.6°), with four cases (27%) having angles below 70°.With one case of pan‐peritonitis after catheter insertion at 90°, laparotomy revealed that the angle of the fistula tract was low at 62° and that the catheter had broken through the tract just below the abdominal wall. Conclusion : This study suggests that the fistula tract angle might be a potential risk factor for fistula tract disruption by non‐endoscopic catheter change.     

泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌的感染现状及危险因素分析

目的探讨医院内泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌(PDRPA)的感染现状及其危险因素,为临床控制PDRPA感染提供依据。方法对该院2012年3月至2014年2月期间的铜绿假单胞菌进行院内感染监测,回顾性分析相应病例的临床资料,分析PDRPA感染的危险因素。结果 PDRPA主要分布于重症医学科和神经外科,以痰液为主,分别占泛耐药菌株标本来源的59.5%和31.0%;年龄、住院时间、使用抗菌药物时间、使用碳青霉烯类、使用头孢菌素类、使用喹诺酮类、糖尿病、冠心病、深静脉插管、气管插管、使用呼吸机、鼻饲胃管与PDRPA感染明显相关(P0.05),而与肿瘤、使用氨基糖苷类、混合感染无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论年龄、住院时间、使用抗菌药物时间、使用碳青霉烯类、使用头孢菌素类、使用喹诺酮类、糖尿病、冠心病、深静脉插管、气管插管、使用呼吸机、鼻饲胃管是PDRPA感染的危险因素,因此,控制糖尿病、冠心病,合理使用抗菌药物,减少侵袭性操作是预防和控制PDRPA院内感染的关键。     

AY-9944大鼠失神样痫性发作模型的GABA_B受体R1亚单位基因表达改变

目的 :探讨 GABAB受体亚单位在失神癫痫发病机制中的作用。方法 :用原位杂交的方法测定 AY- 9944大鼠癫痫模型在失神样痫性发作时 GABAB受体亚单位 GBR1a及 GBR1b pan m RNA在鼠脑的表达。结果 :大脑皮层 ,海马 CA1,CA3及丘脑的 GBR1a m RNA表达均见不同程度的升高 ,而以大脑皮层及海马 CA3区尤为显著。GBR1b pan大脑皮层 ,海马及丘脑的 m RNA表达均见不同程度的升高 ,而以大脑皮层及海马 CA1区域的改变最为显著。结论 :GABAB受体亚单位 GBR1可能参与失神性癫痫的发病机制 .这种受体亚单位的改变为筛选有效的抗癫痫药物提供新的途径。     

猩猩,黑猩猩,狒狒与人的牙釉质晶体形态的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜技术对猩猩、黑猩猩、狒狒和人的牙釉柱横断面作了比较观察。结果：人类的釉柱横断面呈麟状，有一圆形的“体部”和被掩盖的“尾部”。黑猩猩和猩猩的釉柱横断面象人类的一样，也有“体部”和被掩盖的“尾部”，但“体部”为花瓣状。狒狒的釉柱横断面近似圆形，完整无“尾部”。