Minocycline Hydrochloride Hyperpigmentation Complicating Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum

Minocycline-associated hyperpigmentation is an uncommon side effect We report the case of a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum successfully treated with oral minocycline but complicated by marked hyperpigmentation in his pyoderma gangrenosum and acne scars. One of the clinical forms of minocycline hyperpigmentation includes dark-blue or black macules in depressed acne scars or other sites of skin inflammation; this pattern seems to be independent of the total cumulative dose and the skin process.     

A systems approach to cancer therapy

Conclusion The molecules described herein as antiangiogenic agents and antimetastatic agents represent a wide variety of molecular structures with a wide variety of biological effects and targets. Most often these agents have been generally classified as antiangiogenic or antimetastatic by their effects in an in vitro bio-assay system. The diversity in this group of molecules gives strength to the potential of this approach in therapeutic applications. The biological and biochemical pathways involved in angiogenesis are numerous and redundant. It is likely that there are many angiogenic factors and many pathways of invasion, therefore it is likely that blockade of more than one pathway related to angiogenesis and/or invasion will be necessary to impact on the natural progress of a malignant disease.The vasculature forms the first barrier to penetration of molecules into tumors. Although the antiangiogenic agent treatments administered in this study did not inhibit angiogenesis in these tumors completely, the vasculature present in the treated tumors may be impaired compared to control tumors. Overall, therefore, the best speculation is that the main targets for the antiangiogenic agents are extracellular matrix processes and/or tumor endothelial cells and that inhibition and/or impairment of these non-malignant functions can improve therapeutic responses when used in combination with cytotoxic therapies. The incorporation of antiangiogenic agents and/or antimetastatic agents into therapeutic regimens represents an important challenge. The successful treatment of cancer requires the eradication of all malignant cells and therefore treatment with cytotoxic therapies. The compatibility of antiangiogenic therapy and/or anti-invasion agents with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents is not obvious [316].The goal of the addition of any non-cytotoxic potentiator to a therapeutic regimen is to take a good therapy and, without additional toxicity, push it to cure.Cyclophosphamide is a good drug against the Lewis lung carcinoma although no long-term survivors of animals bearing Lewis lung carcinoma are achieved with cyclophosphamide treatment alone. Adding antiangiogenic agents to treatment of this tumor with cyclophosphamide produced a cure rate of 40–50%, meaning that both the primary and metastatic disease has been eradicated in these animals. Cures were achieved only when the antiangiogenic treatments extended from days 4–18 post Lewis lung tumor implantation. The results obtained with the addition of antiangiogenic agents to cytotoxic anticancer therapies in in vivo models of established solid tumors have been very positive and provide direction for future clinical trials including these antiangiogenic agents. Two conclusions may be drawn. First, combinations of antiangiogenic and/or antimetastatic agents evoke a greater effect on tumor response to therapy than does treatment with single agents of these classes. Second, treatment with antiangiogenic agents and/or antimetastatic agents can interact in a positive way with cytotoxic therapies.     

非淋菌性尿道炎合并盆腔感染药物治疗效果对比研究

目的探讨临床上对非淋菌性尿道(宫颈)炎合并盆腔感染有效的治疗方法。方法将妇产科及性病科门诊确诊的非淋菌性尿道(宫颈)炎合并盆腔感染201例病人随机分为2组,治疗组采用头孢曲松纳加阿奇霉素治疗,对照组采用头孢曲松纳加口服美满霉素治疗。结果治疗组治愈率为80.95%,总有效率为97.14%;对照组治愈率为58.33%,总有效率为69.79%。两者的,临床治愈率及有效率有显著性的差异(P<0.005)。结论头孢曲松纳加阿奇霉素静脉给药治疗非淋菌性尿道(宫颈)炎合并盆腔感染取得良好的治疗效果,较头孢曲松纳加美满霉素效果有显著性提高。     

HPLC法测定盐酸米诺环素缓释微丸胶囊中的米诺环素和有关物质

目的建立反相HPLC法测定盐酸米诺环素缓释微丸胶囊中米诺环素的量和有关物质。方法 Diamonsil C18柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为醋酸铵缓冲溶液(pH6.0)-乙腈-甲醇(80:15:5),检测波长为280nm,体积流量为1.0mL/min,柱温为25℃,进样量为20μL。结果米诺环素在0.05～1mg/mL线性关系良好(r=0.9997),方法精密度RSD为0.6%,平均回收率为99.46%,RSD为0.8%,各杂质峰与主峰分离良好。结论该方法简便,专属性强,准确可靠,可用于测定盐酸米诺环素缓释微丸胶囊中的米诺环素及有关物质。     

MINOCYCLINE EXCRETION AND DISTRIBUTION IN RELATION TO RENAL FUNCTION IN MAN

SUMMARY 1. The biological half-life of minocycline in serum has been studied in twenty-one patients and shown to have no relationship to renal function. There is very little excretion of minocycline by the kidney, and practically none is removed by dialysis.
2. In normal subjects, minocycline therapy is not accompanied by a significant rise in blood urea concentration or urinary urea excretion. However, high doses may produce a marked increase in urea excretion.
3. Of eight patients with impaired renal function who were treated with a normal therapeutic dose of minocycline (200 mg/day), one showed a significant increase in urea excretion and a rise in plasma urea concentration. Two patients with severe unstable renal failure required dialysis following therapy.
4. Minocycline is unlikely to accumulate in patients with renal failure due to its predominantly gastrointestinal excretion and is therefore safe to use. However, its protein catabolic effect is dose dependent and if renal function is impaired, even a small increase in urea production may be sufficient to aggravate uraemia. In such patients the normal therapeutic dose (200 mg/day) should not be exceeded and monitoring of renal function is advisable.     

盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗牙周炎的临床疗效观察

目的:研究盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂治疗牙周炎的临床疗效。方法:治疗组及对照组患者在治疗前进行牙周检查和牙周洁治,治疗组局部使用盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂进行治疗,对照组不给药物。对治疗前后的菌斑指数、牙周袋探诊深度、龈沟出血指数、附着丧失水平进行检查和评价。结果:二甲胺四环素牙科软膏局部治疗4周后患者病牙的临床各项指标包括病牙的菌斑指数、牙周袋探诊深度、龈沟出血指数、附着丧失水平等均比治疗前有明显改善,并且药物治疗组的各项指标改善较对照组更为明显,治疗组用药后第4周末的显效率达79.49%,明显高于对照组的显效率(29.16%),具有统计学意义。结论:盐酸二甲胺四环素牙科软膏缓释剂作为牙周炎的辅助治疗,能有效改善牙周炎的临床各项观察指标。     

美满霉素等9种药物对人全血吞噬细胞和非细胞体系的抗活性氧作用

观察和比较美满霉素、四环素、灭滴灵、青霉胺、氯喹、布洛芬、头孢拉定、异搏定和三氟拉嗪对中性粒细胞（ＰＭＮ）产生的ＲＯＳ和非细胞体系产生的Ｏ和·ＯＨ的影响。应用化学发光法（ＣＬ）测定人全血吞噬细胞在受调理的酵母多糖诱导下产生的活性氧（ＲＯＳ）、黄嘌呤－黄嘌呤氧化酶体系产生的Ｏ和ＶｉｔＣ－ＣｕＳＯ４－酵母多糖－Ｈ２Ｏ２体系产生的·ＯＨ。结果：所有９种药物都具有抑制或清除中性粒细胞产生的ＲＯＳ；美满霉素、四环素、三氟拉嗪具有清除Ｏ作用；青霉胺和美满霉素则有清除·ＯＨ的作用。结论：美满霉素是９种药物中较为安全、有效的清除皮肤疾患中ＲＯＳ的首选药物。     

Bcl-2在盐酸米诺环素软膏联合牙周塞治剂治疗兔牙周病中的表达

目的观察Bcl-2在牙周病的发生发展的变化中的敏感程度,观察牙周塞治剂是否能加强盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗牙周病的效果。方法选40只日本大耳白兔,其中4只作为对照组,其余36只日本大耳白兔随机分为牙周炎未治疗组（牙周炎组12只）、牙周炎应用盐酸米诺环素软膏组（派丽奥组12只）,牙周炎应用盐酸米诺环素软膏和牙周塞治剂组（塞治剂12只）。检测Bcl-2在牙龈组织中的表达及各组牙周病的指标比较。结果应用盐酸米诺环素软膏合用牙周塞治剂后,牙周袋深度（PD）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）明显降低（P〈0．05）,Bcl-2在牙龈组织中的表达明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论牙周塞治剂能明显提高派丽奥治疗兔牙周炎的效果,Bcl-2是牙周炎的敏感指标。     

美满霉素对脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织COX-2、NF-κB表达的影响

目的 观察美满霉素对脑缺血再灌注大鼠COX-2、NF-κB表达的影响.方法 54只Wistar大鼠,适应性喂养1周,分为正常组(N组)、假手术组(NS组)、美满霉素对照组(M组)、美满霉素预处理组(MP组),美满霉素治疗组(MT组),缺血再灌注组(IR组).HE染色观察大鼠脑组织的病理改变;采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠脑组织COX-2、NF-κB的表达,用图像分析仪测定光密度值.结果 NF-κB p65和COX-2光密度值、阳性细胞百分率MP组较NS组明显增高(P《0.01),较IR组明显降低(P《0.01).MT组较NS组明显增高(P《0.01),较IR组明显降低(P《0.05).结论 美满霉素能抑制大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑组织COX-2、NF-κB的表达,发挥脑保护作用.     

米诺环素对5-LOX通路及动脉粥样硬化中炎症反应的抑制作用

目的米诺环素对5-LOX通路及动脉粥样硬化(atherosclorosis,AS)中炎症反应的抑制作用。方法以高脂喂养Apo E-/-小鼠建立AS模型,同时给予米诺环素或辛伐他汀治疗12周。比较各组小鼠的血脂水平,5-LOX的表达及其代谢物LTB4的含量;测定小鼠主动脉AS斑块的面积及斑块组成(脂质、胶原和巨噬细胞含量);PCR方法比较小鼠主动脉中相关炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、VCAM-1、MMP-2、MMP-9 m RNA的含量。结果米诺环素能显著减少主动脉中5-LOX的表达及血液中LTB4的含量;降低小鼠主动脉中相关炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、VCAM-1、MMP-2、MMP-9 m RNA的含量。在AS斑块的形成和发展中,米诺环素显著降低了Apo E-/-小鼠AS斑块的面积,减少斑块中巨噬细胞的含量并增加胶原的含量,提高斑块的稳定性。但是米诺环素没有改变Apo E-/-小鼠的血脂水平。结论米诺环素有抗AS的作用,其作用可能与其对5-LOX通路及炎性细胞和炎症介质的抑制作用有关。