中药治银片对表皮角化及细胞有丝分裂的影响

采用小鼠尾鳞片表皮—小鼠阴道上皮实验模型系统,观察治银片对表皮角化和细胞有丝分裂的影响,探讨治银片治疗银屑病的作用机理。结果证明,治银片具有显著抑制阴道上皮细胞有丝分裂(P<0.01),和促进表皮颗粒层形成(P<0.05)的作用。     

Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma of the female genital tract. Report of three cases and survey of the literature

Three new cases of gynecological verrucous squamous cell carcinomas are reported; one in the uterine cervix, and two in the vulva. The English literature covering the 49 cases reported previously is surveyed with special reference to the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these tumors, as well as with their clinical behavior and possible relationship to viral (HPV) lesions (Condylomas) of the genital tract.It was concluded that so far the exact relationship between the different verrucous squamous cell lesions in the genital tract remains obscure, all such lesions should be regarded as potentially malignant, and treated accordingly by radical surgery.     

Granular Parakeratosis of Eccrine Ostia

Granular parakeratosis is a recently recognized disorder of keratinization that is usually confined to intertriginous areas. The histopathologic features are distinctive and diagnostic. Rarely, histopathologic variants such as follicular granular parakeratosis and granular parakeratosis of eccrine ostia have been described. In this report, we describe a rare case of granular parakeratosis mostly confined to eccrine ostia.     

Parakeratosis in skin is associated with loss of inhibitor of differentiation 4 via promoter methylation

Parakeratosis refers to incomplete maturation of epidermal keratinocytes, resulting in abnormal retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. It occurs in many diseases of the skin, particularly in psoriasis. Down-regulation of inhibitor of differentiation 4 messenger RNA has been demonstrated in psoriatic skin, but the specificity and mechanism for this finding are unknown. In this study, we addressed specificity by immunohistochemical staining for inhibitor of differentiation 4 protein in skin disorders showing parakeratosis, including: psoriasis (n = 9), chronic eczema (n = 6), and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 7). In these conditions, parakeratotic keratinocytes in the upper layers of the skin lacked inhibitor of differentiation 4 protein expression, whereas keratinocytes in the lower layers were densely stained, in contrast to diffuse expression in normal skin. Because promoter hypermethylation of inhibitor of differentiation 4 has been described in several cancers, we determined the methylation pattern of the inhibitor of differentiation 4 promoter in psoriasis and compared this with squamous cell carcinoma. We found a novel methylation pattern of the inhibitor of differentiation 4 promoter in both conditions. Inhibitor of differentiation 4 promoter methylation was significantly increased in psoriasis (34.8%) and squamous cell carcinoma (21.8%), compared with normal skin (0%). Moreover, cells in the upper and lower parts of psoriatic epidermis were, respectively, hypermethylated and nonmethylated, at the inhibitor of differentiation 4 promoter. Comparable studies in several cell lines confirmed that hypermethylation of the promoter was associated with loss of inhibitor of differentiation 4 messenger RNA and protein expression. Our study demonstrates a previously unreported link between gene-specific promoter hypermethylation and abnormal cellular differentiation in several skin diseases. This mechanism might provide clues for novel therapies for skin disorders characterized by parakeratosis.     

Die Oberfläche der Haut und ihrer Anhangsgebilde im Stereoelektronenmikroskop. Krankhafte Veränderungen und Einwirkung exogener Noxen

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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颗粒状角化不全1例并文献复习

报告1例颗粒状角化不全。患者女,25岁,右侧腹股沟红斑、斑丘疹伴痒10余年。体检：右侧腹股沟及阴阜右外侧可见10cm×5cm大小红斑;红斑基础上有绿豆至黄豆大小暗红色至紫红色丘疹,部分融合成斑块,部分区域可见轻度糜烂及痂屑;其余间擦部位未见相似皮损。皮损组织病理检查：表皮呈银屑病样增生,角化过度,灶状角化不全,角化不全内包含嗜碱性透明颗粒,其下颗粒层仍然存在,部分细胞胞质空泡化,真皮浅层血管周围少了淋巴组织细胞浸润,PAS染色阴性。根据临床及皮肤组织病理,诊断为颗粒状角化不全。     

颗粒状角化不全一例

患者女,31岁,左腋窝红斑、糜烂、痒23年.体检:左腋下可见近环形红色斑片,约8 cm×10 cm,皮损中央淡紫红色粟粒大棘状丘疹,不完全融合形成斑块,皮损外周红斑表面轻度糜烂、渗液,散在少量米粒大脓疱,部分区域可见瘢痕;全身其他间擦部位未见任何皮损.皮损表面分泌物真菌镜检阴性.组织病理:角质层增厚,角化过度并显著角化不全,角质层大多数细胞保留细胞核,包含大量嗜碱性颗粒.角化不全下方颗粒层仍然保留,其中少部分细胞胞质呈空泡状.表皮呈银屑病样增生,真皮内血管周围以淋巴细胞为主的混合炎症浸润,并可见明显血管扩张.诊断:颗粒状角化不全.     

Childhood Pityriasis rosea inversa without Herald Patch Mimicking Cutaneous Mastocytosis

Background

Pityriasis rosea is a self-limited inflammatory condition of the skin that mostly affects young adults. Several less common atypical presentations have been reported.

Case Presentation

A 6-year old girl with red-brown maculopapular eruption sized 0, 5–1 cm in diameter localized on neck, trunk and popliteal region visited our general pediatric outpatient clinic. The eruption was wide spread especially on flexural areas. After consulting dermatologist skin biopsy was performed. According to clinical and histopathological findings as inverse (flexural) pityriasis rosea was diagnosed. For treatment, systemic antihistamine, topical corticosteroid cream and emollient were applied. The lesions healed in two months. Spontaneous healing of the eruption also confirmed the diagnosis of pityriasis rosea.

Conclusion

We present this interesting pediatric case to show and discuss pityriasis rosea, atypical presentations, differential diagnosis and the importance of dermatological examination and importance of dermatologic consultation for pediatric patients with skin eruption.     

Antibodies to orthokeratotic keratinocytes in monitoring the drug-induced inhibition of parakeratotic differentiation in adult and infant mice

Summary Parakeratosis (PK) is a common feature of the abnormal epidermis in several disorders of keratinization. Tar phenols, retinoids and steroids which cause the inhibition of PK and the restoration of orthokeratosis (OK) are used for treating psoriasiform conditions. In this work, we studied two experimental models of the drug-induced inhibition of PK:(1) the suppression of the normal development of PK in the infant mouse tail and (2) the OK conversion of established PK in the adult tail. Two markers of OK were studied: the histological evaluation of the granular layer and the expression of cytoplasmic antigens linked to OK differentiation. It was demonstrated that high-boiling tar phenols cause a more potent inhibition of PK than betamethasone valerate. Most importantly, immunofluorescence showed that the switch to OK differentiation was located in the cells situated in a suprabasal position. The use of these immunological markers to investigate and anti-parakeratotic mechanisms has revealed that these drugs act at stages of keratinocyte differentiation which are distinct from those previously suggested.