三种不同来源精子行卵胞浆内单精子注射临床结局的比较

目的：比较三种方法获得的精子行卵胞浆内单精子注射的临床结局。方法：回顾性分析笔者所在医院2011年1月-2012年12月374个卵胞浆内单精子显微注射（ICSI）治疗周期的妊娠结局,依据精子来源不同分为三组：射出精液组（A组）,经皮附睾穿刺和经皮睾丸穿刺取精子组（B组）,供精组（C组）,比较三组的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率和临床妊娠率。结果：A组的优胚率高于C组（P〈0.017）,三组患者的受精率、卵裂率、临床妊娠率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：精液、附睾或睾丸精子、供精行ICSI助孕的结局相近。精子的成熟度、精子的冷冻可能并不影响最终的妊娠率。     

Human seminal fibrinolytic activity: specific determinations of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase

The determination of total fibrinolytic activity of ejaculates was realized by fibrin plate method. For the same seminal samples, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), urinary plasminogen activator (uPA) antigens and uPA activity were specifically quantified. The seminal values were fifty times higher than in the blood for t-PA and fifteen times for uPA. There was no correlation between the both levels but from split ejaculates measurements a higher concentration was observed in all first fractions. By zymography assays, it was shown that seminal plasminogen activators are under active forms. The lack of proUrokinase in semen was also demonstrated.     

自慰在未婚慢性前列腺炎治疗中的价值

目的:探讨自慰在未婚慢性前列腺炎患者中的治疗价值。方法:对67例未婚男性青年(20-25岁)患有慢性前列腺炎患者,均口服依诺沙星0.2g2次/d,那妥25mg1次/d8周,随机抽取其中40例指导每周自慰1次,其中10人不遵医嘱每周自慰超过3次,共分为3组。8周后对3组的治疗效果比较。结果:在慢性前列腺治疗8周后,自慰组的治疗效果明显优于另两组。结论:自慰可以释放性冲动,减少性冲动时会阴部的充血,自慰达到性高潮时,可有利于前列腺液的排出,解除前列腺液在腺体内淤积所造成的一系列症状,对慢性前列腺炎的治疗是有价值的。     

Nachweismöglichkeiten von Chromosomenschäden durch Cytostatica beim Menschen

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

     

Correlation between multi-headed spermatozoa in the ejaculate and histological findings in the testis.

Semen smears of 163 patients as well as bioptic material of 163 patients (93 cases of paraffin histology and 70 cases of cryostat sections) were grouped by their content of multi-headed spermatozoa or multi-nucleated spermatids, respectively. It could be demonstrated that findings in the ejaculate concerning multi-headed spermatozoa are in good agreement with those in the testis in respect of the presence of double- and multi-nucleated spermatids. Furthermore, it could be shown that the frequency of multi-headed spermatozoa is positively correlated to inflammatory processes either of immunologic origin or caused by micro-organisms.     

Mast cells in the seminal plasma of infertile men as detected by flow cytometry

Increased numbers of mast cells (MCs) in the testis have been associated with testicular dysfunction, where accumulation of MCs occurs. Furthermore, it has been reported that MCs might affect sperm function as it has been demonstrated that MC-derived tryptase in the seminal fluid might reduce sperm motility. Although MCs have been detected in rat epididymis, only little is known about the presence of MCs in human seminal plasma. Thus, we analysed MC numbers in the ejaculate of men during routine semen analysis of male patients suspected for infertility ( n  = 100). MCs were detected by c-kit (CD117) expression using flow cytometry. Thereby, we detected significant numbers of MCs in the ejaculate of most patients (559 ± 525 MCs ml⁻¹, mean ± SD). However, we could neither detect a correlation with respect to MCs and sperm count, motility or morphology nor to the seminal inflammatory markers like polymorphonuclear elastase. Nevertheless, a significant correlation of MCs to spermatozoa-bound IgA ( r  = 0.5; P  = 0.03; n  = 21) was observed. It is concluded that significant numbers of MCs can be detected in the human ejaculate without necessarily influencing sperm function. A potential role of MCs in seminal plasma as well as the association between MCs and IgA on spermatozoa remains to be elucidated.     

Leptin concentrations in semen are correlated with serum leptin and elevated in hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism

Leptin seems to play a role in both food intake and energy balance as well as in the regulation of reproductive features. In order to investigate the regulation of testicular functions by leptin we analysed leptin concentrations in the semen of men with different andrological diseases. It was demonstrated that semen leptin concentrations were inversely correlated with serum testosterone levels and directly with serum leptin concentrations. Furthermore, semen leptin concentrations display only a fraction of serum leptin levels. Semen leptin levels of patients with azoospermia due to hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, associated with increased follicle-stimulating hormone levels and of high-grade oligozoospermia, were significantly elevated (1.19 +/- 0.46 and 1.09 +/- 0.54 microg l(-1), respectively), while semen levels of leptin in patients with obstructive azoospermia (0.54 +/- 0.41 microg l(-1)) and low-grade oligozoospermia (0.54 +/- 0.34 microg ml(-1)) were comparable with those of normozoospermic men (0.21 +/- 0.21 microg l(-1)). Our data suggest that dysfunction of testicular epithelia as found in hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and high-grade oligozoospermia with decreased testosterone levels causes elevated spermal leptin concentrations. However, the correlation of semen with serum leptin concentrations indicates that leptin is not actively transported but rather leaks through the blood-testis barrier.     

Die Auswirkungen der Cytostaticabehandlung auf den andrologischen Befund

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

     

Wechselwirkungen zwischen Mikroorganismen,Viren und menschlichem Sperma

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---