Immunohistochemistry (S 100, KL 1) and human papillomavirus DNA hybridization on Morbus Bowen and bowenoid papulosis

Summary In this study 55 paraffin embedded samples defined as Bowen's disease or bowenoid papulosis were investigated with antibodies against S 100 protein and keratins (KL 1). S 100-positive cells were quantified and related to defined section area of the epidermal compartment by computer-assisted image analysis. The density of S 100-positive cells was compared with normal skin and was particularly related to growth patterns and keratinization of the different lesions under study. S 100-positive dendritic cells were found to be reduced overall in bowenoid lesions when compared with normal skin. Lesions with high counts of S 100-positive dendritic cells most frequentty showed a solitary growth pattern with highly conserved architecture and differentiation and no tendency to stromal invasion. In contrast, cases with low counts of S 100-positive cells very often showed multifocal development, a high degree of architectural disturbance and dedifferentiation. In this group, stromal invasion (cases of invasive carcinoma associated with Bowen's disease) was seen more often. Interestingly, this latter group of cases also revealed a peculiar keratin pattern. Frequently, the basal cell layer was decorated with KL 1 antibody, which usually recognizes only suprabasaly located keratinocytes. No differences between Bowen's disease and bowenoid papulosis were found in terms of densities of S 100-positive dendritic cells and keratin pattern. In our experience, extragenital Bowen's disease and genital Bowen's disease can not be distinguished on purely morphological grounds or with the immunocytochemical approach presented here. Interestingly, when employing in situ hybridization with HPV 16 probes three of seven samples of genital Bowen's disease harboured HPV 16 DNA, whereas six cases of extragenital disease were negative.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Lo 285/2-4)     

Proliferation kinetics of the dermal infiltrate in cutaneous malignant lymphomas

Summary To obtain information about the role of local proliferation in the pathogenesis of dermal infiltrate in malignant cutaneous lymphomas, we determined the percentage of ³H-thymidine-labeled infiltrating cells (³H-index).A linear correlation was found between proliferative activity and clinical stage in mycosis fungoides, i.e., the ³H-index is moderately elevated in stage I and high in stage III.The ³H-index is within normal range in dermal infiltrate of Sézary syndrome, diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma, as well as in lymphocytoma benigna cutis.In parapsoriasis en plaques two groups can be distinguished: in the smallplaque variant (chronic superficial dermatitis) the ³H-index is low, whereas the large-plaque variant (prereticulotic poikiloderma) shows strong proliferative activity.Thus, determination of proliferative activity seems to give new insights into the pathogenesis of dermal infiltrate in cutaneous lymphomas.Zusammenfassung Um die Bedeutung der lokalen Zellproliferation im dermalen Infiltrat bei cutanen malignen Lymphomen zu untersuchen, bestimmten wir den Prozentsatz der ³H-Thymidin-markierten Infiltratzellen (³H-Index.Zwischen dem klinischen Stadium der Mycosis fungoides und der Proliferationsaktivität des dermalen Infiltrats besteht eine lineare Beziehung; im Stadium I ist die Proliferation niedrig, im Stadium III sehr hoch.Nicht erhöht ist der ³H-Index im dermalen Infiltrat beim Sézary-Syndrom, diffusen lymphocytischen Lymphom sowie bei Lymphocytoma benigna cutis.Bei der Parapsoriasis en plaques müssen zwei Formen unterschieden werden: bei der kleinfleckigen Form (chronic superficial dermatitis) ist der ³H-Index niedrig, während die großfleckige Form (Präretikulotisches Poikiloderm) eine starke Proliferationsaktivität aufweist.Die Untersuchung des Proliferationsverhaltens gibt neue Einblicke in die Pathogenese des dermalen Infiltrats cutaner Lymphome.     

Pigmented condyloma acuminatum

We herein report a case of pigmented condyloma acuminatum in the genital region. A histopathological examination revealed keratinocyte proliferation, papillomatosis and basal pigmentation. Cellular atypia was rarely observed. The patient also had ordinary skin‐colored nodules on the coronal sulcus. Polymerase chain reaction amplification with consensus primers for human papillomavirus (HPV) and subsequent sequencing confirmed an infection of HPV type 6. Pigmented condyloma acuminatum is not rare; however, making the differential diagnosis between bowenoid papulosis and seborrheic keratosis is sometimes difficult. The mechanism of pigmentation in such cases remains unknown and requires further investigation. HPV typing is a useful method for diagnosing the disease.     

Nitrogen mustard gel-induced inflammation triggers lymphomatoid papulosis in patients with mycosis fungoides

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a paraneoplastic primary cutaneous CD30⁺ lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) that has been associated with malignant lymphomas, most commonly mycosis fungoides (MF). We observed 10 patients with MF who developed severe inflammation after using nitrogen-mustard (NM) gel from 1 to 8 months and who developed LyP. We hypothesized that NM gel produced local inflammation, which induced CD30 expression in malignant T cells in situ leading to the appearance of LyP papules. The high frequency of induction of LyP lesions in patients with severe inflammation while on treatment with NM gel suggests an association between inflammatory stimuli and development of LyP. Our observation provides insight into the pathogenesis of CD30⁺ LPD.     

鲍温样丘疹病患者HPV E6/E7 mRNA与血清L1-IgG和存活素表达关系

目的 分析人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染所致鲍温样丘疹病（BP）患者 L1-IgG抗体、存活素（Survivin）表达水平,为鲍温样丘疹病有效防治提供科学依据。方法 选取2019年1月—2022年1月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的HPV感染致BP患者150例。根据HPV分型分为高危型组112例和非高危型组38例。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清HPV L1-IgG抗体、Survivin、免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM、白介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）水平;采用流式细胞术检测患者外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平;使用杂交信号方法核酸检测技术,检测标本中HPV E6/E7 mRNA数量;Spearman相关性分析HPV E6/E7 mRNA和L1-IgG抗体、Survivin阳性表达水平关系。结果 高危型组和非高危型组患者L1-IgG和Survivin阳性表达分别为73.21%（82/112）、67.86%(76/112）和26.32%（10/38）、31.58%（12/38）,差异均有统计学意义（χ²=26.314,15.400,P<0.01）。高危型组患者HPV E6/E7 mRNA 为（1 125.64±113.42）copies/mL,且L1-IgG、Survivin阳性表达HPV E6/E7 mRNA水平较高,呈正相关（P<0.05）。高危型组和非高危型组患者IgA、IgG、IgM分别为（1.23±0.13）、（8.89±0.91）、（1.13±0.12）g/L和（1.60±0.17） 、（11.42±1.15） 、（1.53±0.16）g/L,高危型组较低,差异均有统计学意义（t=13.971,13.814,16.246,P<0.05）。高危型组和非高危型组患者患者CD3⁺、CD4⁺分别为（58.78±5.91）%、（29.96±3.12）%和（65.48±6.61）%、（65.48±6.61）%,高危型组较低,差异均有统计学意义（t=5.858,8.249,P<0.01）。两组患者CD8⁺和CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。高危型组患者TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-6水平分别为（2.64±0.30） 、（4.36±0.53）和（3.11±0.32） pg/mL,高于非高危型组患者（1.67±0.18）、（2.44±0.25） 和（2.21±0.25）pg/mL,差异均有统计学意义（t=8.792,21.499,15.769,P<0.05）。结论 BP患者感染HPV可影响患者免疫调节功能和炎症反应,且HPV高危型患者L1-IgG抗体和Survivin阳性表达水平高于非高危型组患者。