艾烟和香烟烟雾对弱精子症模型大鼠的影响

目的:研究艾烟和香烟烟雾对弱精子症模型大鼠的影响。方法:将32只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为溶剂组、模型组、艾烟组和香烟组4组,每组8只。通过灌胃给予奥硝唑溶液建立弱精子症大鼠模型。计算机辅助精子分析系统用于检测艾烟和香烟烟雾对于弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和密度等指标的影响。结果:与模型组比较,艾烟干预可以明显改善弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和曲线速度(VCL)、直线运动速度(VSL)、平均路径速度(VAP)等功能指标;香烟组的精子活力、活率和VCL、VSL、VAP等功能指标均显著低于溶剂组和艾烟组。各组大鼠的精子密度无显著变化。结论:艾烟和香烟烟雾对机体产生的效应不同,艾烟可以提高弱精子症模型大鼠的精子活力、活率和运动能力,对弱精子症有一定的改善作用。     

不同类型精子缺陷与印记基因H19甲基化水平关联性研究

目的:探讨不同类型精子缺陷与印记基因H19印记控制区域甲基化水平的相关性。方法:以2014年4月至2014年9月间入院诊治的男性不育患者为研究对象,排除患有精索静脉曲张、隐睾症、核型异常和Y染色体微缺失的病例,依据临床精液常规检查结果,分别筛选出特发性少精子症患者(浓度20×10~6/m L,其余指标均正常)、特发性弱精子症患者(前向运动精子百分率50%,其余指标均正常)、特发性畸形精子症患者(正常精子形态比率15%,其余指标均正常)各25例;25例正常精液样本作为对照组。采用焦磷酸测序法定量分析各组精子DNA中H19基因印记控制区域的甲基化水平。结果:少精子症组[(75.04±15.35)%]和弱精子症组[(79.48±11.64)%]印记基因H19甲基化水平显著低于正常对照组[(89.10±11.23)%],差异均有统计学意义(P=0.006,P=0.024);畸形精子症组[(87.82±12.10)%]与正常对照组H19基因甲基化水平的差异无统计学意义(P=0.758)。结论:印记基因H19印记控制区域的DNA甲基化程度的降低与少精子症和弱精子症有关联,可能与畸形精子症无关。     

The Effect of a Treatment with Doxycycline on Semen of Asthenozoospermic Patients with T-Mycoplasma Genital Infection

Einfluß einer Behandlung mit Doxycyclin auf die Spermaqualität bei Asthenozoospermie mit T-Mykoplasma-Infektion der Genitalorgane
Die pathogenetische Bedeutung der T-Mykoplasmainfektionen des Spermas bei Sterilität des Mannes ist eine kontroverse Angelegenheit. In der gegenwärtigen Untersuchung wird der Einfluß einer spezifischen Behandlung mit Doxycyclin studiert, die ausschließlich bei Anwesenheit von T-Mykoplasma im Sperma zur Anwendung gelangte. 25 Patienten (24–49 Jahre alt; etwa 4 Jahre kinderlos verheiratet) wurden in diese Studie aufgenommen. In jedem Fall lag eine Asthenozoospermie vor, die durch dreimalige Spermiogrammuntersuchung gesichert werden konnte. Therapie mit 200 mg Doxycyclin täglich über 20 Tage; Kontrollspermiogramme nach 30 und 90 Tagen. In alien Fällen ließ sich T-Mykoplasma nach der Behandlung nicht mehr nachweisen; gleichzeitig konnte eine Zunahme der vorwärtsbeweglichen Spermatozoen und eine Abnahme der unbeweglichen Spermatozoen be-obachtet werden. Qualitativ ergab sich bei 11 Männern eine Normalisierung des Spermiogramms im Sinne einer Normozoospermie; in 5 Fällen fand sich eine signifikante Besserung und in 9 Fällen zeigte sich keinerlei Änderung. Die Autoren vertreten die Auffassung, daß die Anwesenheit von T-Mykoplasma im Sperma bei Asthenozoospermie Berücksichtigung finden sollte und konsequenter Weise einer entsprechenden Behandlung bedarf.     

Treatment of Asthenozoospermia with HCG

30 patients with isolated asthenozoospermia received a treatment with 5000 I.U. Human-Chorionic-Gonadotropin (HCG) a week intramuscularly for twelve weeks. Pretreatment basal levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were in normal or low normal range. 16 males responded to therapy, the total motility of spermatozoa increased significantly from 34% to 40%. In spite of a decreased sperm density and morphologic quality 6 pregnancies occurred. This result strengthens the interpretation, that sperm motility is the most important factor for fertilization. HCG therapy must be considered as an additional approach for treating motility disturbances, especially in cases with high sperm densities.     

CRISP2蛋白研究进展

CRISPs（cysteine rich secretory proteins）蛋白家族有4个成员,CRISP2是唯一在睾丸中表达的CRISPs成员,组织特异性较高。精母细胞表达和分泌CRISP2,不受雄激素的影响。CRISP2分布于生精上皮内,定位于精母细胞和支持细胞间的连接处,可以增强精母细胞连接到支持细胞上的能力;继而存在于圆形精子细胞及延长型精子细胞,可结合到精子尾部和头部顶体,并最终定位于精子尾部以及顶体。CRISP2可能与精子顶体RyR3受体结合调节Ca²⁺内流;此外,CRISP2可能还具有调节RyR受体之外的其他离子通道（如抑制K⁺通道）的功能。研究表明,CRISP2参与了精子成熟和获能的全程,也在精卵结合的过程中起一定作用。综述CRISP2蛋白在睾丸的表达和分布、调控以及作用。     

Effect of repeated sequential ejaculation on sperm DNA integrity in subfertile males with asthenozoospermia

The aim of this work was to study the possible beneficial effect of repeated sequential ejaculation on sperm DNA integrity in subfertile males and its possible implementation in assisted reproduction. The study included 20 infertile males with idiopathic asthenozoospermia or oligoasthenozoospermia. They underwent detailed history taking, complete clinical assessment and hormonal assessment. Patients were asked to bring two semen samples (taken within 1-3 h). Two consecutive samples were assessed with regard to semen volume, sperm count, motility grading, and morphology and sperm DNA integrity using the comet assay. There was a significant improvement in the sperm motility pattern and DNA integrity in the second sample in comparison with the first sample. Therefore, it is concluded that due to its positive impact on sperm motility and DNA integrity, repeated sequential ejaculation is recommended in subfertile males with idiopathic asthenozoospermia who pursue assisted reproduction.     

A proteomic analysis on human sperm tail: comparison between normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia

Purpose

Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of human male infertility characterized by reduced sperm motility. The molecular mechanism that impairs sperm motility is not fully understood. This study proposed to identify novel biomarkers by focusing on sperm tail proteomic analysis of asthenozoospermic patients.

Methods

Sperm were isolated from normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic semen samples. Tail fractions were obtained by sonication followed by Percoll gradient. The proteins were extracted by solubilization and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE); then, the spots were analyzed using Image Master 2D Platinum software. The significantly increased/decreased amounts of proteins in the two groups were exploited by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) mass spectrometry.

Results

Three hundred ninety protein spots were detected in both groups. Twenty-one protein spots that had significantly altered amounts (p < 0.05) were excised and exploited using MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. They led to the identification of the following 14 unique proteins: Tubulin beta 2B; glutathione S-transferase Mu 3; keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1; outer dense fiber protein 2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2; A-kinase anchor protein 4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B; sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome B; phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase-mitochondrial; isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase; heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific and clusterin.

Conclusion

Fourteen proteins present in different amounts in asthenozoospermic sperm tail samples were identified, four of which are reported here for the first time. These proteins might be used as markers for the better diagnosis of sperm dysfunctions, targets for male contraceptive development, and to predict embryo quality.     

A comprehensive work up for an asthenozoospermic man with repeated intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) failure

Infertility affects about 15-20% couples attempting pregnancy and in about half cases the problem lies in the male. Among the sperm parameters, linear progressive motility is one of the most important predictors of fertility potential. Though genetic and chromosomal abnormalities are important aetiological factors in the pathogenesis of male infertility, the mechanism involved in impaired sperm motility is poorly understood. Here we report mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations with increased seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and higher DNA fragmentation level in the sperm resulting in decreased ATP production which plays an important role in sperm motility defect. Thus it is important to understand the aetiology of asthenozoospermia and to distinguish if infertile men harbour nuclear or mtDNA mutation as they are very important prognostic markers. This case study also highlights that routine semen parameters are very modest predictors of fertility outcome but ROS estimation and DNA integrity analysis by Comet assay have better diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. Thus this study is a detailed and comprehensive workup of an infertile asthenozoospermic male.     

显微精索静脉结扎手术联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗精索静脉曲张致少弱精子症

目的探讨保留动脉的显微精索静脉结扎术联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗精索静脉曲张(VC)致少弱精子症的临床疗效。方法选取50例精索静脉曲张性不育患者,随机分成观察组和对照组各25例,治疗组给予显微精索静脉结扎手术联合少腹逐瘀汤,日服一剂,分早晚服,连续服用3个月;对照组只行显微精索静脉结扎手术。结果两组患者均手术成功,术后症状消失,精子浓度、精液量、精子活力明显提高,畸形精子百分率明显降低,较手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而观察组3个月后患者各项精液参数改善显著,明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论显微精索静脉结扎手术联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗精索静脉曲张所致少弱精子症疗效满意,精液质量改善明显。