明党参根中维生素及其水煎膏中无机元素的分析

目的:考察明党参根中营养元素的种类及含量,探讨其补益功效的物质基础.方法:采用高效液相色谱法、荧光分光光度法及扫描电子微量分析法,测定明党参根中维生素的含量和水煎膏中无机元素的含量.结果:明党参根含脂溶性维生素E、K分别为259.2、64.1μg/kg,水溶性维生素C、B1、B2分别为78.5、0.6、0.7 mg/kg.明党参水煎膏中含丰富的钾和钙离子.结论:明党参富含人体必需的有益元素,作为食用中药是有其物质基础的.     

复合维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗寻常痤疮117例的疗效和安全性(英文)

目的:了解维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗寻常痤疮的疗效及安全性。方法:117例13a以上、痤疮严重程度分级在2级以上且主要表现于脸部的病人,予维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗,每日1次,共8wk。观察治疗前后痤疮数量及性质,包括粉刺、丘疹、脓疱及囊肿之数目,并评估整体疗效。结果:治疗后,粉刺、丘疹、脓疱及囊肿数目下降了13±s13,10±12,5±7及3±3,均P<0.01。7例(6.0%)病人症状完全改善,44例(37.6%)中度改善,56例(47.9%)轻度改善,10例(8.6%)无改善。59例(50.4%)病人无红肿、搔痒、灼热及脱皮等现象发生。结论:维生素E,C,B组合物面膜治疗痤疮有效,超过半数的受试者无不良反应发生,可作为传统治疗寻常痤疮药物的替代。     

An enzymatic cow immunity-targeted approach to reducing milk somatic cell count: 3. A comparative field trial

The effectiveness of lysosubtilin and lysozyme, a combination thereof and a combination of these enzyme preparations (each alone and in combination) with vitamins as possible coimmunostimulants, which reduced the milk somatic cell count (SCC), were compared in a field trial. Seventy second to third lactation Lithuanian Black and White cows with a similar milk SCC ([750±200]×10³?cells?ml^?1) and of a similar weight (550±50?kg) were involved in the trial and were randomly allocated into seven groups (n=10). Lysosubtilin and/or lysozyme at doses of 0.02?g?kg?wt^?1 and 0.2?g?kg?wt^?1, respectively, and vitamins A, C and E (if any) at doses twice as high as required for nutritional adequacy were given, except for control group cows, once daily with feed for ten successive days. After four-, seven-, and ten-day periods of giving enzymes (with or without vitamins) a significant reduction of SCC (p<0.001) was observed in the milk of cows that received a combination of lysozyme with vitamins. On the tenth day a significant reduction of SCC (p<0.001) was also observed in the milk of cows that received lysozyme and lysosubtilin (each alone; without vitamins) or lysosubtilin in combination with vitamins. At the end of the trial (on the 15th day) SCC in milk of cows of all of the study groups was significantly lower (p<0.001) when compared with that of the control group.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时快速检测微量血清中6种脂溶性维生素

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）同时快速检测微量血清中维生素A、维生素D（25-OH-VD2 、25-OH-VD3 ）、维生素E（α-、β-和γ-生育酚）的方法。方法 血清中脂溶性维生素经甲醇-乙腈（50:50, v/v)沉淀蛋白、正己烷萃取,以Phenomenex Kinetex F5色谱柱为分离柱,2.5 mmol/L甲酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离（ESI+ ）、多反应监测（MRM）模式下检测,同位素内标法定量。结果 血清中6种脂溶性维生素线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数 r >0.995;6种脂溶性维生素的检测限为0.20~1.25 ng/ml,定量限为0.39~3.88 ng/ml;加标回收率为86.6%~107.7%,日内精密度<9.6%,日间精密度<9.3%。NIST标准参照品SRM 968f验证方法准确度,结果偏差均在5%以内。结论 本方法准确度高、重现性好、用血量少,适于婴幼儿等采血困难者微量血样中多种脂溶性维生素的同时快速检测。     

A Properly Balanced Reduction Diet and/or Supplementation Solve the Problem with the Deficiency of These Vitamins Soluble in Water in Patients with PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an increasingly common problem for women in the reproductive age throughout the entire world. A reduction diet with a low glycaemic index (GI) has proved to support the treatment of PCOS. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of the diet on the level of vitamins soluble in water. The study included 55 women, 40 of which suffered from PCOS (identified by means of the Rotterdam Criteria) and 15 healthy women of the Caucasian race. The level of vitamins before and after the dietary intervention was measured. The diet was a reduction diet with a reduced glycaemic index (GI). Biochemical analyses were made on the basis of liquid chromatography—Infinity 1260 Binary liquid chromatography (LC) Agilent Technology. The level of vitamins in the serum was analysed together with the consumption before and after the dietary intervention. A higher level of vitamin C in the plasma was observed before and after the dietary intervention in the PCOS group in comparison to the control group despite the lower intake of this vitamin in the PCOS group. The remaining vitamins were at a comparable or lower level (B1, B3, B5, B6 and B12). After the dietary intervention, only B1 and B9 were at a clearly lower level (a trend of p = 0.093 and p = 0.085). A properly balanced reduction diet with reduced GI improves the supply of vitamins in women with PCOS. An additional recommendation should be the additional supplementation of B1, niacinamide and the combination of folates with inositol. The level of vitamin C in the plasma may not be a good marker of its supply in the PCOS group.     

Plasma B Vitamers: Population Epidemiology and Parent-Child Concordance in Children and Adults

Scope: B vitamers are co-enzymes involved in key physiological processes including energy production, one-carbon, and macronutrient metabolism. Studies profiling B vitamers simultaneously in parent–child dyads are scarce. Profiling B vitamers in parent–child dyads enables an insightful determination of gene–environment contributions to their circulating concentrations. We aimed to characterise: (a) parent–child dyad concordance, (b) generation (children versus adults), (c) age (within the adult subgroup (age range 28–71 years)) and (d) sex differences in plasma B vitamer concentrations in the CheckPoint study of Australian children. Methods and Results: 1166 children (11 ± 0.5 years, 51% female) and 1324 parents (44 ± 5.1 years, 87% female) took part in a biomedical assessment of a population-derived longitudinal cohort study: The Growing Up in Australia’s Child Health CheckPoint. B vitamer levels were quantified by UHPLC/MS-MS. B vitamer levels were weakly concordant between parent–child pairs (10–31% of variability explained). All B vitamer concentrations exhibited generation-specificity, except for flavin mononucleotide (FMN). The levels of thiamine, pantothenic acid, and 4-pyridoxic acid were higher in male children, and those of pantothenic acid were higher in male adults compared to their female counterparts. Conclusion: Family, age, and sex contribute to variations in the concentrations of plasma B vitamers in Australian children and adults.     

Vitamin D Status in Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

Vitamin D has been claimed to be effective in the response to infections, including the respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is supposed that lockdown measures and fear of SARS-CoV-2 infection might reduce vitamin D levels through the modification of lifestyle. However, very few data exist on the association between lockdown measures and vitamin D status in humans. For this cross-sectional comparative study, adolescents (n = 298) aged 18 to 19 years were enrolled during the compulsory military fitness-for-duty evaluation between July and December 2020 in Southern Switzerland. Beyond anthropometric measurements, participants filled in a structured questionnaire about their lifestyle and a blood specimen was sampled for the determination of total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. The obtained data were compared with those of 437 adolescents enrolled at the military fitness-for-duty evaluation during the same period of the year in the context of the CENERI study (2014–2016). The anthropometric measures were similar between the two study groups. The levels of vitamin D were also comparable (77 (64–91) vs. 74 (60–92) nmol/L, p = 0.50; median and interquartile range). A total of 38 (13%) and 43 (9.8%) subjects presented insufficient (<50 nmol/L) levels of vitamin D (p = 0.42) during the current pandemic and in the CENERI study, respectively. These data do not support the hypothesis that during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, late adolescents are at higher risk of vitamin insufficiency.     

抗氧化维生素对内皮细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：　观察氧化低密度脂蛋白（ｏｘＬＤＬ）对内皮细胞增殖与凋亡的影响以及抗氧化维生素（维生素Ｅ、维生素Ｃ及β－胡萝卜素）对内皮细胞的防治效应。方法：　在体外培养的小牛主动脉内皮细胞中分别加入不同浓度的抗氧化维生素,作用１２ｈ 后,再与终浓度为０．１ｇ Ｐｒ／Ｌ的ｏｘＬＤＬ共同培养２４ｈ,采用噻唑蓝比色分析法和流式细胞仪分析法对贴壁内皮细胞进行检测,分别观察抗氧化维生素对经ｏｘＬＤＬ作用的内皮细胞的形态、生长增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。结果：　（１）维生素Ｅ和维生素Ｃ能显著减轻ｏｘＬＤＬ对内皮细胞形态的损伤作用;β－胡萝卜素作用稍弱。（２）三种抗氧化维生素均可降低ｏｘＬＤＬ对内皮细胞生长增殖的抑制作用,使其抑制率降低。（３）三种抗氧化维生素均可促进内皮细胞由Ｇ１ 期进入ＤＮＡ合成的Ｓ期,促进内皮细胞的增殖并阻止内皮细胞凋亡的发生。结论：　维生素Ｅ、维生素Ｃ及β－胡萝卜素均可减轻ｏｘＬＤＬ在形态、增殖及凋亡等方面对内皮细胞的损伤作用,这可能是抗氧化维生素加速内皮细胞损伤后修复、促进内皮细胞增殖,从而发挥其抗动脉粥样硬化形成的部分机制。     

B族维生素对体外培养大鼠视网膜神经细胞及节细胞的神经营养作用

目的评价维生素B1、B6、B12及其衍生物甲钴胺对视网膜神经细胞及神经节细胞(RGCs)的生存和轴突再生伸长的影响。方法采用新生大鼠视网膜神经细胞体外原代培养技术，与不同浓度的B族维生素共同培养，MTT比色法检测细胞活力，进行HE染色和抗Thy1免疫细胞化学染色，测量视网膜神经细胞和RGCs轴突长度，比较各种维生素对细胞轴突伸长的影响。结果维生素B1、B6、B12和甲钴胺的最有效作用浓度分别为100、100、1．0、1．0μmol／L；高密度培养该营养作用更明显。用该浓度作用于细胞，维生素B6、B12和甲钴胺可促进视网膜神经细胞和RGCs轴突伸长。结论B族维生素在体外短期内能够显著提高视网膜神经细胞和RGCs的活力，促进上述细胞轴突再生伸长。