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排序方式: 共有118条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Vivian Siqueira Santos Gonçalves Eliane Rodrigues de Faria Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini Silvia Eloiza Priore 《Jornal de pediatria》2013,89(6):567-574
Objectivethis study was performed to determine the predictive capacity of four different bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices in the assessment of adolescents, with and without a protocol.Methodsa cross-sectional study was performed with 215 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years, of both genders, evaluated through anthropometry and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and by four different BIA devices, with and without a protocol. The following tests were used: Kolmogorov-Smirnov's, chi-squared, Student's t or Mann-Whitney's, Kruskal-Wallis's, Wilcoxon's, and kappa index. The ROC curves were constructed and the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated.Resultsof the 215 adolescents, 44.2% had excessive body fat. The tetrapolar BIA device equipped with eight tactile electrodes showed more sensitivity and results that were closer to those obtained by DXA (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.964 with protocol and AUC = 0.973 without protocol, p < 0.001), as well as greater agreement (k = 0.67 with protocol and k = 0.63 without protocol, p < 0.001). The evaluation without protocol was similar to that by DXA in most investigated situations (p > 0.05).ConclusionBIA is capable of predicting alterations in adolescents’ body composition. When it is impossible to perform the assessment with a protocol, its results may be useful in population studies. 相似文献
2.
Ten years after the publication of the first GOLD strategy (Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the new revision published on the GOLD website at the end of 2011 represents a significant change in the diagnostic approach, clinical evaluation and therapeutic treatment of the disease. This revision debates not only the most significant aspects, which remain relatively intact, but also, and in particular, those that have been substantially modified compared with the GOLD revision from 2006. 相似文献
3.
Julián Martínez-Villanueva Rocío González-Leal Jesús Argente Gabriel Ángel Martos-Moreno 《Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)》2019,90(4):224-231
Introduction
The influence of parental obesity on their obese offsprings is acknowledged but insufficiently characterised.Patients and methods
Retrospective study of 800 obese patients (45.2% girls; age: 10.35 ± 3.40 years, body mass index [BMI]: + 4.22 ± 1.68 standard deviation score [SDS]). Group comparison according to the presence of obesity in none (n = 347) or any of the parents (n = 453), and then whether the obese parent was the father (n = 185), the mother (n = 151), or both parents (n = 117) were performed. The parameters analysed were: Age at the onset of the obesity and at their first visit, birth weight (BW), BMI-SDS, blood glucose, insulin level, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index, total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides, 25-OH-vitamin-D, area under the curve (AUC) for insulin in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI), LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios, and weight loss after 12 month follow-up.Results
No differences were observed between groups as regarding gender, ethnic background, or pubertal stage. Patients with one obese parent showed higher BW-SDS and BMI-SDS (P < .01), more severe impairment of carbohydrate metabolism (blood insulin, insulin-AUC, HOMA, HbA1c [P < .01] and lower WBISI [P < .05]) than those with no obese parent. Among those patients with a single obese parent, higher BW-SDS, insulin, HOMA, and lower 25-OH-vitamin D (P < .05) was observed when obesity was present in the mother. There was a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome when both parents were obese (χ2 = 5.96, P < .05). A total of 132 patients reduced their BMI by ≥ 1.5 SDS, or their weight by ≥ 10%, with no influence of the background of parental obesity.Conclusions
Obesity in any parent determines a higher severity of their offspring obesity and metabolic comorbidities, more importantly when obesity is present in the mother or in both parents, but without interference in the options of therapeutic success. 相似文献4.
Manoj Kamal Don Varghese Jeet Bhagde Geeta Singariya Annie Miju Simon Amar Singh 《Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology》2018,68(2):197-199
Patients with Patau's syndrome (Trisomy 13) have multiple craniofacial, cardiac, neurological and renal anomalies with very less life expectancy. Among craniofacial anomalies cleft lip and palate are common. These craniofacial and cardiac anomalies present difficulties with anesthesia. We therefore describe the anesthetic management in the case of a Trisomy 13 child for operated for cleft lip at 10 months of age. 相似文献
5.
Antonia Sánchez-Bautista Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz Inmaculada Garcia-Heredia Carmen Luna-Paredes Pedro J. Alcalá-Minagorre 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2019,37(3):167-171
Introduction
New massive sequencing techniques make it possible to determine the composition of airway microbiota in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the relationship between the composition of lung microbiome and the clinical status of paediatric patients is still not fully understood.Material and methods
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on induced sputum samples from children with CF and known mutation in the CFTR gene. The bacterial sequences of the 16SrRNA gene were analyzed and their association with various clinical variables studied.Results
Analysis of the 13 samples obtained showed a core microbiome made up of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Rothia spp., Gemella spp. and Granulicatella spp., with a small number of Pseudomonas spp. The cluster of patients with less biodiversity were found to exhibit a greater number of sequences of Staphylococcus spp., mainly Staphylococcus aureus (p 0.009) and a greater degree of lung damage.Conclusion
An airway microbiome with greater biodiversity may be an indicator of less pronounced disease progression, in which case new therapeutic interventions that prevent reduction in non-pathogenic species of the airway microbiota should be studied. 相似文献6.
Jordi Pujol Gebelli Amador García Ruiz de Gordejuela Anna Casajoana Badía Lluis Secanella Medayo Andrew Vicens Morton Carles Masdevall Noguera 《Cirugía espa?ola》2011,(6):356
Introduction
Laparoscopic Gastric Plication is a new technique derived from sleeve gastrectomy. Plication of the greater curvature produces a restrictive mechanism that causes weight loss. The results of the first cases where this technique has been applied in this hospital are presented.Methods
A review was made of patients operated on in our hospital between November 2009 and December 2010. Plication of the gastric greater curvature was performed under general anaesthetic and by laparoscopy using 3 lines of sutures and with an orogastric probe as a guide. The results of the morbidity, mortality and weight loss are presented.Results
A total of 13 patients were operated on (7 women). The maximum body mass index (BMI) varied between 37.11 kg/m2 and 51.22 kg/m2 at the time of the operation. The most frequently found morbidity was nausea and vomiting. Two patients required further surgery due intractable vomiting and total dysphagia; in one the plication unfolded, and in the second it was converted into vertical gastrectomy.Conclusions
Laparoscopic Gastric Plication is a new surgical technique which gives equivalent short-term results as vertical gastrectomy. It is a reproducible and reversible technique with results and indications still to be validated. 相似文献7.
R. López Ruiz S. Quintas P. Largo M. de Toledo M.T. Carreras A. Gago-Veiga R. Manzanares J. Vivancos 《Neurología (Barcelona, Spain)》2019,34(2):73-79
Objective
Thirty percent of the patients for whom code stroke is activated have stroke mimics, the most common being epilepsy. Our purpose was to evaluate the usefulness of multiparametric CT for differentiating between seizure-related symptoms and vascular events.Material and methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study; data were gathered prospectively during one year. We studied multiparametric CT images of patients admitted following code stroke activation and finally diagnosed with epilepsy.Results
The study included a total of 11 patients; 36% were men and mean age was 74.5 years. Three patients had right hemisphere syndrome, 4 displayed left hemisphere syndrome, and the remaining 4 had isolated aphasia. Maximum time from symptom onset to multiparametric CT study was 8.16 hours. Perfusion CT results were normal in 2 patients. Nine patients showed longer or shorter times to peak (Tmax); cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps varied. EEG was performed a maximum of 47.6 hours after symptom onset. Four patients showed findings compatible with status epilepticus, 2 displayed focal epileptiform activity, and 5 showed post-ictal slowing ipsilateral to perfusion CT abnormalities.Conclusion
The most sensitive parameter for differentiating between stroke and epilepsy in our series was increased time to peak in multilobar cortical locations in the absence of large-vessel occlusion and basal ganglia involvement. Multiparametric CT is a fast, readily available, and useful tool for the differential diagnosis of acute-onset neurological signs of epileptic origin in patients initially attended after code stroke activation. 相似文献8.
《Gastroenterologia y hepatologia》2020,43(7):349-357
ObjectiveBibliometric search of citation classics can function as a tool to identify extraordinary landmark articles and advanced research studies. We aimed to examine and characterize the 100 most-cited published articles in the field of hepatology.Patients and methodsA comprehensive list of the 100 most-cited articles published from 1950 to 2017 in the field of hepatology was compiled after searching the Web of Science with relevant terms, including “liver,” “hepatitis,” “hepatic,” “hepatocellular,” “hepatology,” “cirrhosis,” and “steatohepatitis.” The articles were ranked according to their citation counts and were evaluated for characteristics including country, institution, authorship, publication year, subspecialty and others.ResultsThe database search returned 323,291 articles associated with liver disease published between 1950 and 2017. The 100 most-cited articles were from 21 major journals, with the highest number of articles being published in Hepatology (n = 20). The average number of citations of the 100 most-cited articles was 1946.8; among these articles, the most frequently cited article received 5515 citations, and the least frequently cited article received 1155 citations. In total, 60 were original articles among the 100 most-cited articles. The most frequently represented specialties were hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which accounted for 53.3%, 23.3%, and 11.7% of these articles, respectively.DiscussionOur study identified citation classics and provided a review of the most advanced studies in the field of hepatology. This can help to guide clinical treatment and future academic research resulting in advancements in hepatology. 相似文献
9.
Rocío Elizabeth Duarte Eduardo Velasco Juan José Sánchez-Sosa Lucina Isabel Reyes-Lagunes 《Educación Médica》2019,20(1):28-36
Resident physicians are continually exposed to fatigue, which can lead to work, academic and personal problems, so it is important to have reliable and valid instruments to measure it. One of the most used is Fatigue Severity Scale, but, there are versions with different number of items in different populations. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to translate, adapt culturally relevant and compare versions with different numbers of items, to identify the most appropriate in Mexican resident physicians. With three different groups of participants; first one for translation by seven expert judges in the language, second for psychometric validation with 100 resident physicians, and third for confirmatory factor analysis and invariance test by type of program (specialty and high specialty) with 182 resident physicians. Distribution, discrimination, reliability and factor structure of the scale were tested in an exploratory and confirmatory analysis, leaving a final scale of 6 items with good fit (X2[9] = 9,39, p = 0,40; CFI = 0,99; RMSEA = 0,02), with a reliability = 0,91 and strict factorial invariance by type of residence program. 相似文献
10.
Erhan Ozyurt Ali Sait Kavakli Nilgun Kavrut Ozturk 《Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology》2019,69(6):546-552
BackgroundIt is not clear which mechanical ventilation mode should be used in bariatric surgery, one of the treatment options for patients with obesity.ObjectivesTo compare volume‐controlled ventilation and pressure‐controlled ventilation in terms of respiratory mechanics and arterial blood gas values in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery.MethodsSixty‐two patients with morbid obesity scheduled for gastric bypass were included in this study. Their ideal body weights were calculated during preoperative visits, and patients were divided into two groups, volume‐controlled ventilation and pressure‐controlled ventilation. The patients were ventilated in accordance with a previously determined algorithm. Mechanical ventilation parameters and arterial blood gas analysis were recorded 5 minutes after induction, 30 minutes after pneumoperitoneum, and at the end of surgery. Also, the dynamic compliance, inspired O2 pressure/fractional O2 ratio, and alveolar‐arterial oxygen gradient pressure were calculated.ResultsPeak airway pressures were lower in patients ventilated in pressure‐controlled ventilation mode at the end of surgery (p = 0.011). Otherwise, there was no difference between groups in terms of intraoperative respiratory parameters and arterial blood gas analyses.ConclusionsPressure‐controlled ventilation mode is not superior to volume‐controlled ventilation mode in patients with laparoscopic bariatric surgery. 相似文献