Efficacy of the steroidal fraction of fenugreek seed extract on fertility of male albino rats

T. foenum-graecum seed extract (100 mg/day/rat) was fed orally to male albino rats for 60 days. The sperm count and motility of cauda spermatozoa declined significantly leading to negative fertility tests. The organ weights as well as androgen dependent parameters (protein, sialic acid and fructose) were lower, revealing the reduction in circulating androgen. Cholesterol is a precursor of androgen. The increase in testicular and serum cholesterol may be co-related with its nonutilization by the system, leading to a fall in circulating androgen and hence the altered histoarchitecture observed. Therefore T. foenum-graecum extract exerts both antifertility and antiandrogenic activities.     

2种疗效判断标准对洛索洛芬治疗类风湿关节炎的评价

目的 :国内、美国风湿病学会 (ACR) 2种疗效判断标准评价洛索洛芬 (loxoprofen)治疗类风湿关节炎 (RA)的疗效及不良反应。方法 :选择 5 0例 ,年龄 (4 8±s 13)a ,4 0～ 69aRA活动期病人 (男女不限 ) ,口服洛索洛芬 60mg ,tid× 4wk ,比较用药前后关节压痛数、关节肿胀数、血沉、C反应蛋白等临床及实验室指标的变化 ,用国内、ACR不同疗效判断标准评价洛索洛芬治疗RA的疗效及不良反应。结果 :洛索洛芬治疗RA的总有效率达 74 %(国内标准 )和 80 % (ACR标准 ) ,2种疗效判断标准无显著差异 ,各项临床及实验室指标均有显著改善 ,不良反应发生率 10 % ,未出现危及生命的不良反应。结论 :洛索洛芬治疗RA安全、有效     

龙葵全草皂苷类化学成分研究

目的研究龙葵Solanum nigrum全草的皂苷类化学成分。方法采用硅胶、反相ODS开放柱色谱及反相HPLC等手段分离化合物,运用波谱技术分析确定化学结构。结果龙葵全草60%乙醇提取物经D-101大孔树脂柱吸附,获得的60%乙醇洗脱部分再经分离得到8个化合物。利用理化及波谱分析确定这些化合物结构分别为uttroside B(Ⅰ)、uttroside A(Ⅱ)、22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-呋甾-Δ5-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅲ)、22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-甲氧基-呋甾-Δ5-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅳ)、5α,22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-羟基-呋甾-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅴ)、5α,22α,25R-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-22-甲氧基-呋甾-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅵ)、dumoside(Ⅶ)、5α,20S-3β,16β-二醇-孕甾-22-羧酸-(22,16)-内酯-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)]-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅷ)。结论化合物Ⅲ～Ⅷ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Rehabilitation of muscle after injury – the role of anti‐inflammatory drugs

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely consumed among athletes worldwide in relation to muscle injury and soreness. This review aims to provide an overview of studies investigating their effects on skeletal muscle, in particular the repair processes in injured muscle. Muscle injury occurs in diverse situations and the nature of muscle injuries varies significantly, complicating extrapolations between experimental models and “real life.” Classical muscle strain injuries occur at the interphase between the muscle fibers and connective tissue, most often in the myotendinuous junction, whereas contusion or overload injury can damage both myofibers and intramuscular connective tissue. The role of NSAIDs in muscle repair is complicated by differences in injury models used, variables evaluated, and time point(s) selected for evaluations. While the temporal pattern of the influence of NSAIDs on muscle repair is difficult to settle on, it appears that a potential beneficial effect of NSAIDs in the early phase after injury is not maintained in the long term, or is even negated by a long‐term repair deficit. At the cellular level, evidence exists for a negative influence of NSAIDs on the muscle stem cell population (satellite cells). At a structural level, it is known that muscle connective tissue undergoes significant remodeling during muscle regeneration, but the potential of NSAID exposure to alter this response in humans needs investigation.     

Ethnopharmacological Studies of Tribulus Terrestris (Linn). in Relation to Its Aphrodisiac Properties

Synergism and antagonism impact of different plant metabolites present in crude fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris ‘the herbal Viagra’ have been studied. Variability in plant composition, biomass and metabolites concentration in different modules was significantly contributed by spatial factor. However the edhaphic parameters also changes with both spatial and temporal factors significantly. Fruit is the officinal part and the fruit production significantly related with soil nitrogen (P<0.01), whereas the soil nitrogen and pH also influenced the alkaloid content in fruit (P<0.05). The linear relation between fruit protein and fruit alkaloid (P<0.01) also observed and the relationship in between different soil parameters were established. Bioassay work confirmed its aphrodisiac properties, and site III is suggested for maximum biomass and high concentration of different metabolites.     

Immunomodulatory effect of candesartan on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induce gastric mucosal lesions in part by induction of oxidative stress as well as the activation of inflammatory cells and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we examined the protective effect of candesartan (2 and 5?mg/kg) on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa damage. Pretreatment with candesartan for 10 days reduced significantly the ulcer index induced by indomethacin injection. The preventive index of 2?mg/kg (76.74%) was higher than that of 5?mg/kg (65.11%). Both doses of candesartan were able to reduce significantly the stomach malondialdehyde content compared to indomethacin-treated group. Myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor-α, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant gastric levels were significantly reduced by 2?mg/kg of candesartan more than 5?mg/kg. The Th1 cytokine interferon γ was also significantly reduced by both doses of candesartan compared to indomethacin injected group. On the other hand, indomethacin significant decreased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 gastric level. Pretreatment with candesartan (2 and 5?mg/kg) reversed this effect. In conclusion, the present study indicates that pretreatment with candesartan, can protect against the stomach injury induced by indomethacin through its antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.