从结构相似模型化合物进行天然产物结构鉴定-以番石榴叶黄酮苷类化合物鉴定为例

天然产物的结构鉴定主流手段是核磁共振波谱法,与结构相似模型化合物的核磁数据进行比较,确定未知化合物结构是一种重要的方式。论文从结构鉴定过程中有机分子可分拆解析,如何寻找相似模型化合物和实例例举3个方面,探讨相似模型化合物对于未知图谱结构鉴定的作用和意义,并建议在平时的结构分析过程中注重模型化合物数据的收集和积累。     

不同厂家洛索洛芬钠片溶出度比较

目的 比较5个厂家洛索洛芬钠片在4种溶出介质中的溶出曲线,以评价该药品的质量。方法 采用桨法、转速50 r·min^-1、溶出介质900 mL进行体外溶出试验,分别考察不同厂家洛索洛芬钠片在盐酸溶液、pH 4.5醋酸盐缓冲液、水和pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液4种溶出介质中的体外溶出行为,测定溶出曲线并采用相似因子法与原研药进行比较分析。结果 5个厂家洛索洛芬钠片在盐酸溶液中的溶出曲线基本一致,4个厂家的样品与原研药在水中的溶出曲线差异较大,2个厂家样品批间差异明显。结论 仿制药厂家生产的药品与原研药存在质量差异,建议结合生物等效性试验改进处方及生产工艺,提高该药品质量。     

The effects of harman and norharman on the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene in isolated perfused rat lung and in rat lung microsomes.

The effects of harman and norharman, nitrogen-containing pyrolysis products of amino acids present in cigarette smoke, on the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene in rat lung microsomes in vitro and in isolated perfused rat lung were studied. In rat lung microsomes, both harman and norharman inhibited the metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) to dihydrodiols, phenols and quinones at concentrations over approximately 0.05 mM. The formation of BP-7, 8-dihydrodiol and BP-9, 10-dihydrodiol was inhibited more than that of BP-4, 5-dihydrodiol. No appreciable differences in inhibition were seen between microsomes from control or 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats. In isolated perfused rat lung, 1 mM of harman in the perfusion fluid inhibited the formation of ethyl acetate-soluble metabolites of benzo(a)pyrene except BP-9, 10-dihydrodiol, and inhibited the total covalent binding of benzo(a)pyrene metabolites to lung tissue macromolecules. 0.03 mM of harman seemed to increase other metabolites than BP-7,8-dihydrodiol without changing the total covalent binding. These results suggest that at most concentrations both β-carboline derivatives, harman and norharman, inhibit benzo(a)pyrene metabolism and covalent binding both in lung microsomes in vitro and in isolated perfused rat lung.     

国内外部分文献数据库检索系统相关文献功能浅析

探讨了PubMed,EMBASE.COM,Web of Science,中国知网,万方和维普6个文献数据库相关文献功能及其实现机制,对比分析了国内外文献数据库在相关文献提供方面的特点.结果显示,国外文献数据库检索系统的相关文献功能比较单一,具有较强的针对性和实用性;而国内文献数据库的相关检索功能相对比较完善,不仅能提供基于外部特征的相关文献,还能提供相关(关键词或分类号)文献的简单内客.在相关文献的实用性方面,中国知网优于万方数据库,万方数据库优于维普数据库.     

如何筛选治疗慢性肾脏病的有效类药

目的研究筛选中医治疗慢性肾脏病有效类药的方法。方法通过筛选文献和分析临床方剂中有效药物、收集民间单方验方、推理中药治疗肾脏病的基础研究、精研古今肾脏病病案、寻找与肾脏病相类似发病机制的疾病有效治疗用药、继承老中医的治疗经验等多方面措施筛选出有效治疗慢性肾脏病的中药,进一步根据中医治疗慢性肾脏病常用方法的需要将有效中药重新分类。结果筛选治疗慢性肾脏病的有效类药方法应遵循中医药研究的规律性,需要多种方法的结合。结论类药的研究可能是提高中医药治疗慢性肾脏病疗效的突破点,值得深入研究。     

四逆散凝胶骨架片的制备

目的:制备四逆散凝胶骨架片,维持平稳的血药浓度,提高病人顺应性。方法:分别将各因素处方在2,4,6,8,10,12h测定累积释放度,并以f2相似因子对各因素进行相似性判断,以考察不同因素对释放行为的影响。结果:初步确定凝胶骨架片处方为:主药含量为70mg,HPMCK4M用量为9%,乳糖用量为240mg,硬脂酸镁用量为1%。结论:HPMC的粘度及用量、填充剂的类型及用量对释放有较大的影响;硬脂酸镁的用量及压片压力对释放度无显著影响。     

Differences in effects of Zuojin Pills (左金丸) and its similar formulas on Wei cold model in rats

Objective:To explore the effects of Zuojin Pills(左金丸)and its similar formulas on the stomach cold syndrome in a Wei cold model in rats.Methods:The rat Wei cold model was established by intragastric administration of glacial NaOH,and the gastric mucosa injury indices,together with the levels of motilin and gastrin in the stomach,were determined.The preventive and curative effects of Zuojin Pills and its similar formulas on gastric mucosa injury were investigated.Results:Zuojin Pills and its similar formul...     

Factors that impact health-related quality of life in adults with celiac disease： A multicenter study

AIM： TO evaluate the factors involved in the impairment of health-related quality of life （HRQOL） in patients with celiac disease. METHODS： A multicenter, cross-sectional prospective study was performed in patients with celiac disease who completed two HRQOL questionnaires： the gastrointestinal quality of life index （GIQLI） and the EuroQol-5D （EQ）. RESULTS： Three hundred and forty patients （163 controlled with a gluten-free diet, and 177 newly diagnosed with a normal diet） were included. The GIQLI score was significantly better in patients on a gluten- free diet （GFD） than in non-treated patients on their usual diet, both in terms of the overall score （3.3 vs 2.7, respectively; P 〈 0.001）, as well as on the individual questionnaire dimensions. Both the preference value of the EQ as the visual analogue scale were significantly better in treated than in non-treated patients （0.93 vs 0.72 P 〈 0.001 and 80 vs 70 P 〈 0.001, respectively）. Variables significantly associated with a worse HRQOL score were female gender, failure to adhere to a GFD, and symptomatic status. CONCLUSION： In untreated celiac disease, the most important factors that influence patient perception ofhealth are the presence of symptoms and a normal diet. HRQOL improves to levels similar to those described in the general population in celiac disease patients well controlled with a GFD.     

益元生精汤治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺治疗后类更年期综合征的临床观察

[目的]观察益元生精汤治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺治疗后类更年期综合征的临床疗效。[方法]选取符合入选标准的乳腺癌患者60例,随机分为对照组30例和治疗组30例,对照组予三苯氧胺、谷维素治疗,治疗组予三苯氧胺、益元生精汤加减治疗。4周后评价疗效,比较两组治疗前后临床症状评分、激素水平及子宫内膜厚度,并计算临床缓解率。[结果]两组治疗后临床症状评分较治疗前均降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;两组治疗后临床症状评分比较,治疗组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;治疗组临床缓解率（治愈＋显效＋有效）达83.33%,而对照组临床缓解率为26.67%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;两组治疗前后生殖激素水平及子宫内膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。[结论]益元生精汤治疗乳腺癌三苯氧胺治疗后类更年期综合征疗效显著,且不影响生殖激素水平及子宫内膜厚度。