鼠伤寒沙门氏菌外膜蛋白和微孔蛋白诱导细胞免疫及免疫保护的比较

对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌外膜蛋白（ＯＭＰｓ）和微孔蛋白（ｐｏｒｉｎ）诱导ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠产生细胞免疫（ＣＭＩ），即迟发型变态反应（ＤＴＨ）和白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）的能力进行了检测，并观察了用５００ＬＤ５０的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和伤寒沙门氏菌以腹腔途径攻击经ＯＭＰｓ，ｐｏｒｉｎ免疫的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠所产生的主动免疫、交叉免疫和Ｔ细胞转移免疫保护的能力。发现：ＣＭＩ的能力，ＯＭＰｓ（ＤＴＨ（０．７６±０．０３）ｍｍ；ＩＬ－２（５４４００±１０２００）ｕ／Ｌ优于ｐｏｒｉｎ（ＤＴＨ（０．３６±０．０２）ｍｍ；ＩＬ－２（２６２００±４９００）ｕ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１；而主动免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：１００％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：７０％）、交叉免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：３３．３％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：２２．２％）和Ｔ细胞转移免疫保护率（ＯＭＰｓ：８７．５％，ｐｏｒｉｎ：４２．９％）均没有显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：虽然鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ＯＭＰｓ和ｐｏｒｉｎ均能诱导较强的ＣＭＩ和免疫保护，但两者能力不同。     

耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌耐药机制研究

目的了解我院分离的耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌(PA)耐药机制及同源性分型情况。方法收集临床分离耐亚胺培南PA,用K-B法检测28株耐亚胺培南PA对12种抗菌药的敏感性,用肠杆菌科细菌基因间重复序列(ERIC)进行同源性分析,并用PCR法检测外膜孔蛋白OprD2和金属β内酰胺酶(IMP、VIM)基因。结果28株耐亚胺培南PA对其他12种抗菌药的耐药率在14.8%~42.3%。经ERIC-PCR分析后共有11个基因型。其中A型为11株:A1型9株,A2型2株;B型为5株:B1型2株,B2型2株,B3型1株;C型3株;D型2株;E~K型各1株。PCR检测到OprD2基因仅4株,其缺失率为85.7%,28株PA中检测到1株VIM基因,经测序证实为VIM-2型。结论本院耐亚胺培南PA的主要耐药机制为外膜孔蛋白缺失。在外科和高干病房中出现多种基因型的耐亚胺培南PA传播。     

泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌β-内酰胺类耐药机制研究

目的调查泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,PDR-ABA菌)临床分离菌株中β-内酰胺酶基因和膜孔蛋白基因的存在和变异情况。方法收集2010年3月到2010年5月临床标本中分离的PDR-ABA菌20株,采用微量肉汤烯释法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验,聚合酶链反应(PCR)和基因测序方法分析36种β-内酰胺酶基因和carO膜孔蛋白基因。结果本组20株PDR-ABA菌TEM-1、ADC-30-1ike、OXA-23型3种β-内酰胺酶基因全部阳性,CARB-2和DHA-1型阳性率为5.0%。在鲍曼不动杆菌中发现CARB-2型为国内首次报道。膜孔蛋carO基因突变率达100.0%。结论本组PDR-ABA菌对多种β-内酰胺类药物耐药与产TEM、ADC-30-like、OXA-23、CARB-2、DHA-1型5种13-内酰胺酶相关外,还与膜孔蛋白编码基因carO突变有关。     

Utility of serological markers in inflammatory bowel diseases： Gadget or magic？

The panel of serologic markers for inflammatory bowel diseases （IBD） is rapidly expanding. Although antiSaccharornyces cerev/siae antibodies （ASCA） and atypical perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies （P-ANCA） remain the most widely investigated, an increasing amount of experimental data is available on newly discovered antibodies directed against various microbial antigens. The role of the assessment of various antibodies in the current IBD diagnostic algorithm is often questionable due to their limited sensitivity. In contrast, the association of serologic markers with disease behavior and phenotype is becoming increasingly well-established. An increasing number of observations confirms that patients with Crohn＇s disease expressing multiple serologic markers at high titers are more likely to have complicated small bowel disease （e.g. stricture and/or perforation） and are at higher risk for surgery than those without, or with low titers of antibodies. Creating homogenous disease sub-groups based on serologic response may help develop more standardized therapeutic approaches and may help in a better understanding of the pathomechanism of IBD. Further prospective clinical studies are needed to establish the clinical role of serologic tests in IBD.     

Structural basis for solute transport,nucleotide regulation,and immunological recognition of Neisseria meningitidis PorB

PorB is the second most prevalent outer membrane protein in Neisseria meningitidis. PorB is required for neisserial pathogenesis and can elicit a Toll-like receptor mediated host immune response. Here, the x-ray crystal structure of PorB has been determined to 2.3 Å resolution. Structural analysis and cocrystallization studies identify three putative solute translocation pathways through the channel pore: One pathway transports anions nonselectively, one transports cations nonselectively, and one facilitates the specific uptake of sugars. During infection, PorB likely binds host mitochondrial ATP, and cocrystallization with the ATP analog AMP–PNP suggests that binding of nucleotides regulates these translocation pathways both by partial occlusion of the pore and by restricting the motion of a putative voltage gating loop. PorB is located on the surface of N. meningitidis and can be recognized by receptors of the host innate immune system. Features of PorB suggest that Toll-like receptor mediated recognition outer membrane proteins may be initiated with a nonspecific electrostatic attraction.     

Construction of Prokaryotic Expression Plasmid of Fusion Protein Including Porin A and Porin B of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and Its Expression in E.coli

Neisseriagonorrhoeaeisacommonpathogenicmicroorganismwhichcausessextransmitteddisease .Therewereanestimated 6 0millionnew gonococcalinfectionsworld widein 1999.Theporins ,thepre dominantproteinsonthesurfaceofpathogenicNeis seria ,formafamilyofstructurallyr…     

对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药铜绿假单胞菌耐药机制及耐药性的研究

目的了解目前儿科临床分离对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药铜绿假单胞菌外膜孔蛋白OprD2缺失和金属β内酰胺酶（MBI．）产生的情况，及具有不同耐药机制菌株的耐药特点。方法收集2004年1月--2006年12月从我院住院患儿中分离出的75株对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药铜绿假单胞菌。用PCR方法进行oprD2基因、金属酶IMP、VIM、SPMT和GIM基因检测。用琼脂稀释法进行药敏试验，按照2006年CLSI推荐标准判断结果。使用WHONET5．3和SPSS13．0软件进行数据分析。结果检测75株对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药的铜绿假单胞菌中外膜孔蛋白OprD2缺失者50株，占66．7％；产金属酶的46株．占61、3％，其中IMP阳性38株（82．6％），VIM阳性8株（17．4％）。外膜孔蛋白OprD2缺失同时产金属酶的34株，占45．3％，其对口内酰胺类抗生素的耐药率、MIC50和MIC90均高于其他菌株。结论目前从儿科临床分离对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药铜绿假单胞菌外膜孔蛋白OprD2缺失和产生金属酶都十分严重，菌株的耐药性也很高，并且产MBI．菌株存在IMP和VIM2种基因型。     

泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌PBP1A、CarO及β-内酰胺酶的编码基因分析

目的了解一株泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌（js01株）可能存在的β-内酰胺类药物耐药机制。方法对自2011年12月宁波市第一医院住院患者的痰样本js01株分离,用gyrA和parC基因PCR扩增、测序和BLASTn比对确认菌种。用PCR法分析33种β-内酰胺酶基因（13种A类酶基因、10种B类酶基因、2种C类酶基因、8种D类酶基因）和插入序列与β-内酰胺酶编码基因连锁检测以及CarO膜孔蛋白编码基因。再用分段PCR法扩增PBP1A编码基因,双向测序后拼接成全长序列。结果js01株检出β-内酰胺酶TEM-1、ADC-30、OXA-23和OXA-66编码基因。插入序列与β-内酰胺酶编码基因连锁检测显示ISabal-ADC-30和ISabal—OXA-23为阳性。js01株carO基因序列与鲍曼不动杆菌敏感株（SDF）相比存在有义突变,氨基酸序列一致率为76．0％（189／249）,存在3个氨基酸缺失。is01株PBP1A编码基因序列与SDF株相比存在有义突变,氨基酸序列的一致率为99．6％（848／851）,存在3个氨基酸变异,但js01株PBP1A蛋白分子立体结构比SDF株丢失2个螺旋结构。结论本株鲍曼不动杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药主要与该菌株管家基因（PBP1A、CarO编码基因）突变与可移动遗传元件介异的β-内酰胺酶编码基因有关。     

Structural characterisation, stability and antibody recognition of chimeric NHBA-GNA1030: an investigational vaccine component against Neisseria meningitidis

A new generation multi-component vaccine, principally directed against serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (4CMenB), has recently been developed. One of its components, identified through reverse vaccinology, is the neisserial heparin-binding antigen (NHBA) which is included in the formulation as a novel NHBA-GNA1030 fusion protein (NHBA-FP). We describe here the biophysical characteristics of this vaccine antigen to understand better its structural properties in solution and concurrent immunogenicity prior to formulation. By deliberately stressing the protein to lose its immune responses, we were able to study the protein's structural changes at the molecular level. The unmodified NHBA-FP was found to be mainly monomeric with mass of 67kDa and secondary structure dominated by β-sheets and turns (57% average). The antigen was very stable in storage buffer. It could be forced to unfold in a low-salt buffer resulting in the exposure of one of its two tryptophan residues at 50°C. Long-term stress studies (10-15 days at 37°C) showed modification in the chromatographic and electrophoretic profiles with progressive degradation and aggregation. Since there was little change in secondary structure (as monitored by circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy), the loss of functional immunogenicity of the thermal stressed protein could be mainly attributed to the observed fragmentation and aggregation. We therefore conclude that the maintenance of the intact, non-fragmented state of the NHBA-FP is important to preserve its functional immunogenicity. This may thus be utilised as an assay for the control testing of the protein.     

多药耐药鲍氏不动杆菌β-内酰胺酶基因及膜孔蛋白基因研究

目的 了解多药耐药鲍氏不动杆菌中β-内酰胺酶基因及膜孔蛋白基因的存在与变异情况.方法 收集杭州市余杭区中医院2008年11月-2009年12月住院患者送检标本中分离的鲍氏不动杆菌共30株,先用改良三维试验同时检测头孢菌素酶(AmpC)、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)和金属β-内酰胺酶(MBL)3类β-内酰胺酶活性,再用聚合酶链反应的方法分析24种β-内酰胺酶基因与膜孔蛋白carO基因.结果 30株多药耐药鲍氏不动杆菌共检出TEM、ADC、OXA-23群等3种β-内酰胺酶基因,阳性率分别为100.0％、60.0％、80.0％,30号株ADC基因为新亚型;膜孔蛋白carO基因突变率达100.0％.结论 鲍氏不动杆菌对多种β-内酰胺类药物耐药与产TEM、ADC、OXA-23群等3种β-内酰胺酶基因相关外,还与膜孔蛋白编码基因carO突变有关.