A Properly Balanced Reduction Diet and/or Supplementation Solve the Problem with the Deficiency of These Vitamins Soluble in Water in Patients with PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an increasingly common problem for women in the reproductive age throughout the entire world. A reduction diet with a low glycaemic index (GI) has proved to support the treatment of PCOS. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of the diet on the level of vitamins soluble in water. The study included 55 women, 40 of which suffered from PCOS (identified by means of the Rotterdam Criteria) and 15 healthy women of the Caucasian race. The level of vitamins before and after the dietary intervention was measured. The diet was a reduction diet with a reduced glycaemic index (GI). Biochemical analyses were made on the basis of liquid chromatography—Infinity 1260 Binary liquid chromatography (LC) Agilent Technology. The level of vitamins in the serum was analysed together with the consumption before and after the dietary intervention. A higher level of vitamin C in the plasma was observed before and after the dietary intervention in the PCOS group in comparison to the control group despite the lower intake of this vitamin in the PCOS group. The remaining vitamins were at a comparable or lower level (B1, B3, B5, B6 and B12). After the dietary intervention, only B1 and B9 were at a clearly lower level (a trend of p = 0.093 and p = 0.085). A properly balanced reduction diet with reduced GI improves the supply of vitamins in women with PCOS. An additional recommendation should be the additional supplementation of B1, niacinamide and the combination of folates with inositol. The level of vitamin C in the plasma may not be a good marker of its supply in the PCOS group.     

HPLC法测定血浆中烟酸浓度的研究

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱测定大鼠血浆中烟酸浓度的方法。方法:血浆样品用甲醇提取,过滤后进样20 μl。色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-异丙醇-0.005 mol辛烷磺酸钠水溶液(7:2:91,v/v),流速1.0 ml/min,紫外检测波长261 nm,柱箱温度45℃。内标物为咖啡因。结果:本法最低检测浓度为0.02 μg/ml,线性范围为0.22-42.6 μg/ml,r=0.9996。日内精密度<4％,日间精密度<7％,烟酸的绝对回收率(％)为96.93±4.9。结论:本法快速、准确、灵敏,可用于烟酸的体内代谢动力学研究。     

洛伐烟酸双层缓释片的制备及释放度考察

目的分别采用进口与国产羟丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC)作为骨架材料制备洛伐烟酸缓释双层片 ,并比较国内外HPMC的缓释作用。方法用紫外分光光度法测定该制剂缓释层中烟酸的释放度 ,并用相似因子法和Chow′s法对溶出试验数据进行统计分析。结果使用国产HPMC制得的缓释片及进口HPMC制得的缓释片与国外市售片Niaspan的释放行为完全相似 ,相似因子分别为F2 =87 6和F2 =89 2 (5 0≤F2 ≤ 10 0 )。结论缓释片处方设计合理 ,工艺简单 ,用国产HPMC代替进口HPMC作为凝胶骨架材料完全可行     

HPLC测定洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片中两组分含量

 目的建立洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片中2个组分(洛伐他汀、烟酸)含量的高效液相色谱法。方法采用Hypersil C₁₈色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0.005 mol·L^-1己烷磺酸钠溶液-乙腈(35:65)为流动相,检测波长为239 nm。结果烟酸和洛伐他汀的浓度分别在49.8～249和2～10 mg·L^-1有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 6),样品的回收率分别为99.93%(n=6,RSD=0.73%)和101.3%(n=6,RSD=1.61%)。结论本法简便、快速,重现性好,灵敏度高,适用于洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片的质量控制。     

An Evidence-Based Guideline for Treating Dyslipidemia in Statin-Intolerant Patients

The purpose of this report is to inform nurse practitioners and other health care providers about how to treat dyslipidemia in the statin-intolerant patient while simultaneously achieving optimal cardiovascular outcomes for this patient population. This report will briefly explain how to rechallenge the statin-intolerant patient and the secondary therapies that are available to decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Algorithms for rechallenging the statin-intolerant patient and secondary therapies are also provided.     

The efficacy of niacin supplementation in type 2 diabetes patients: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

Background:Dyslipidemia is a main risk factor of cardiovascular disease in the diabetic patients. Niacin was found acutely to decrease the plasma concentration of free fatty acids by inhibiting their mobilization from adipose tissue. This present study is a double blinded, randomized, and prospective trial to determine the effect of niacin during dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods:This randomized controlled, double-blinded, single center trial is carried out according to the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. This present study was approved in institutional review committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. All the patients received the informed consent. Diabetic patients were randomized (1:1) to receive 3-month treatment with extended-release niacin or matching placebo. The major outcome of our present study was the change in the level of HbA1c from the baseline to week 12. Secondary outcome measures contained the levels of fasting blood glucose, the concentrations of serum transaminase, the other laboratory variables, and self-reported adverse events. The P < .05 was regarded as statistically significant.Results:We assumed that adding the niacin to the medication in patients with type 2 diabetes would reduce dyslipidemia and achieve target lipid levels.Trial registration:This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5925).     

烟酸对兔脂肪细胞分泌脂联素的影响

目的:探讨烟酸对高胆固醇血症兔血清脂联素及正常兔脂肪细胞分泌脂联素的影响.方法:将10只新西兰大白兔饲以高胆固醇饲料8周后,随机分为高脂淀粉组(5只)和高脂烟酸组(5只),后者在高胆固醇饮食基础上给予烟酸缓释片0.4 g/(kg·d)共6周;另设普通饲料对照组(5只),于第14周末取皮下脂肪组织行脂肪细胞培养,以不同浓度烟酸孵育兔脂肪细胞24 h后提取上清液.采用ELISA方法分别测定兔血清及上清液中脂联素的浓度.结果:高脂淀粉组兔血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)轻度升高;烟酸干预后,血TC和LDL-C明显降低(P＜0.001),HDL-C明显升高(P＜0.001).8周时高脂组血清脂联素浓度为(1.268±0.039)mg/L,明显低于对照组的(1.449±0.107)mg/L(P＜0.01),经治疗后,脂联素水平明显升高至(1.444±0.057)mg/L,且与HDL-C呈正相关,与TC和LDL-C呈负相关.体外干预实验发现,烟酸促进正常脂肪细胞分泌脂联素,呈浓度依赖性.结论:高胆固醇血症兔脂肪细胞脂联素分泌明显减少,烟酸能显著促进脂联素的分泌,提示烟酸可能有独立于降脂外的升高脂联素的作用.     

洛伐烟酸缓释片的制备及释放度研究

目的：制备3种规格（分别含烟酸500、7501、000 mg）的洛伐烟酸缓释片并对其释放度进行评价。方法：以紫外分光光度法测定片芯中烟酸的释放度,考察不同黏度的羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）对片芯中烟酸释放度的影响;设计2因素3水平正交试验,对释放数据进行多元逐步回归和方差分析,计算不同规格的洛伐烟酸缓释片中HPMC的理论用量;并测定3种规格的洛伐烟酸缓释片的释放度,采用相似因子法对试制品与国外上市品释放度进行比较。结果：确定了以HPMCK15M CR为骨架材料,统计分析得到3种规格的洛伐烟酸缓释片中HPMC的理论用量与实际用量接近;其烟酸释放均符合零级释放模型;试制品与国外上市品累积释放度相似。结论：研制的缓释片缓释效果较好,工艺简单。     

洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片在比格犬体内的药代动力学

目的研究洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片在Beagle犬体内的药动学变化。方法6只Beagle犬采用两周期随机交叉实验设计,口服500mg洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片或烟酸片,采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)内标定量法测定烟酸血药浓度及药代动力学参数。结果Beagle犬口服给予洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片和烟酸片后,两者在犬体内的代谢均表现为一室模型,主要药动学参数:T12(Ke)64.99min vs.106.09min,T(peak)75.67min vs.112.20min,C(max)52.95μg.ml-1vs.28.50μg.ml-1,AUC 10831.10 vs.9086.42μg.ml-1。结论RP-HPLC内标定量测定烟酸,该方法操作简便、准确灵敏、重现性好,可用于烟酸在体内的药动学研究。单剂量口服洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片后测得的T12(Ke)、T(peak)和C(max)与烟酸组相比,差异性显著;AUC基本一致。缓释片的T12(Ke)、T(peak)明显长于烟酸片,Cmax低于烟酸片,这表明我们制备的复方洛伐他汀烟酸缓释片在Beagle犬体内具有缓释作用,相对生物利用度基本一致。