1987年石家庄市结核病流行病学抽样调查

对石家市结核病的流行情况进行了随机抽样调查,共抽取24个调查点(市区8个、郊县16个)35745人。调查结果:平均患病率及菌阳患病率为0.63％和1.27％,其中郊县与市区分别为0.67％和0.54％及1.60‰和0.42‰(Ρ<0.01);15岁以下儿童有卡痕者,其结素反应阳性率年龄曲线,在7岁和12岁表现为低谷;1～3岁卡痕检出率,市区与郊县分别为90.5％与35.4％(Ρ<0.01)。通过本调查表明,我市结核病患病率高于全国1985年调查的平均数值。     

Comparison of characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with head and neck cancer and those with gastric cancer

In ongoing reviews of 339 patients with surgically treated primary squamous cell carcinoma, there were 19 (5.6%) with concurrent gastric cancer and 11 (3.2%) with head and neck cancer. The incidences of intra-esophageal multiple occurrence of esophageal cancer are 27.3% and 26.3% in those with associated head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, respectively, and higher than 7.1% in those without such a concurrent cancer. There was no difference in the clinicopathological characteristics of those with concurrent head and neck and gastric cancers, except for the higher incidence of metachronous occurrence in the former. These findings suggest that, in cases of esophageal cancer associated with concurrent head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, intraesophageal multiplicity of the esophageal carcinoma is frequent and that preoperative serial evaluations is most important to design treatment and estimate the prognosis.     

Depressed host immunity in a case of metachronous primary uterine papillary serous carcinoma and non-Hodgkin''s lymphoma

Metachronous primary malignant tumors of uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are rare. UPSC is a clinically aggressive and morphologically distinctive variant of endometrial carcinoma. We describe the clinical features of a 63-year-old patient with UPSC that was found 2 years after chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma of neck, stage IV and 5 months after radiation therapy for recurrence. This patient had undergone staging surgery and postoperative radiation for UPSC. One month after completion of radiotherapy, the patient expired due to persistence of the disease. The association between host immunity and UPSC is rarely described in the literature. Immunological profiles of this patient, with compositional changes of natural killer, B, and T cell, dramatically altered the percentage of CD4(+) T cell, CD8(+) T cell, and CD4/CD8 ratio, signifying depressed host immunity. Immunological profile of this patient stressed the issue of depressed host immunity and associated malignancies.     

Unilateral Multicentric Breast Carcinoma Studied by Whole Mammary Gland Serial Sectioning

The incidence and clinicopathologic features of unilateral multicentric breast cancer (UMBC) were studied by mammary gland serial sectioning in 116 cases of clinically defined monocentric breast cancer (MONBC) examined histopathologically at the Nagano Cancer Detection Center. UMBC was defined as: 1) histopathologically discontinuous tumors each with an intraductal spread, 2) at least one tumor-free section separating two tumors, and 3) a large primary tumor and other small secondary tumors. UMBC was detected in 23 of 116 cases (19.8%), all with one secondary tumor. Primary and secondary tumors were located in the same quadrant in 34.8% and in different ones in 65.2%. The secondary tumors were <5 mm in size in 56.5%. Secondary tumors, averaging 8.3 mm in size and 25.5 mm in distance from the primary tumor, were almost exclusively noninvasive carcinomas, including 15 (65.4%) noninvasive ductal carcinomas and several special types. The primary and secondary tumors were of the same histologic type in 3 of 23 cases. UMBC patients averaged 6 years younger than MONBC patients, and the incidence of UMBC tended to be higher in younger patients (p<0.1). UMBC tended to occur more frequently in quadrant with an average histologie tumor size significantly smaller than that in MONBC (p<0.01). The histologie types of the primary tumor in UMBC and MONBC were similar, with common types predominant. Lymph node metastases tended to be slightly more frequent in MONBC. This high incidence of UMBC calls for careful attention when considering breast conserving therapy.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和转化生长因子-β在实验性近视中的研究进展

bFGF(碱性成纤维细胞生长因子，basic fibmblast growth factor)和TGF-β(转化生长因子-β，transfbmling growth factor-β)是体内分布广泛、具有多种生物学功能的两种细胞因子。近年的研究发现，实验性近视发生发展过程中视网膜及巩膜的bFGF和TGF-β含量发生改变，而外源性的bFGF和TGF-β也可影响近视的形成，表明bFGF和TGF-β与近视具有密切的关系。其可能的机制为：在异常的视觉环境中，视网膜上的hFGF和TGF-β含量发生变化，作为信号，传递到巩膜，进而影响巩膜细胞的增殖及细胞外基质的降解，使巩膜重新塑形，眼轴过度延长，形成近视。本研究就这两种生长因子和近视的相关研究做一论述。     

老年急性心肌梗死113例临床分析

目的探讨老年人急性心肌梗死(AMI)的临床特征。方法对本院1994年￣2004年113例住院的老年急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果113例中非典型胸痛及无胸痛症状者41例(36.28%);出现并发症者86例(76.11%);有伴发症者102例(90.27%);行溶栓治疗51例(45.13%);死亡37例(32.74%)。结论相当部分老年人AMI临床症状不典型,多无诱因,并发症及伴发症多且溶栓率低而死亡率高。     

Evaluation of a method to determine the natural occurrence of aflatoxins in commercial traditional herbal medicines from Malaysia and Indonesia

Traditional herbal medicines, popularly known as ‘jamu’ and ‘makjun’ in Malaysia and Indonesia, are consumed regularly to promote health. In consideration of their frequent and prolonged consumption, the natural occurrence of aflatoxins (AF) in these products was determined using immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. The evaluated method, which entails dilution of sample extracts with Tween 20–phosphate buffered saline (1:9, v/v) and a chromatographic system using isocratic mobile phase composed of water–methanol–acetonitrile (70:20:10, v/v/v), was effective in separating AFB₁, AFG₁ and AFG₂ from interference at their retention times. Results were confirmed using post-column derivatization with photochemical reactor. For 23 commercial samples analyzed, mean levels (incidence) of AFB₁, AFB₂ and AFG₁ in positive samples were 0.26 (70%), 0.07 (61%) and 0.10 (30%) μg/kg, respectively; one sample was positive for AFG₂ at a level of 0.03 (4%) μg/kg. In contrast to the high levels of AF in crude herbal drugs and medicinal plants reported previously by other researchers, the low contamination levels reported in this study may be attributed to the higher selectivity to AF of the method applied. Based on the AFB₁ levels and the daily consumption of positive samples, a mean probable daily intake of 0.022 ng/kg body weight was calculated.