内镜超声引导下聚桂醇消融治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤长期疗效的前瞻性研究（含视频）

目的在大样本基础上进一步探讨内镜超声引导下聚桂醇消融术（endoscopic ultrasonography-guided lauromacrogol ablation,EUS-LA）治疗胰腺囊性肿瘤（pancreatic cystic neoplasms,PCNs）的安全性和长期疗效。方法前瞻性纳入2015年4月—2019年4月解放军总医院第一医学中心255例疑诊PCNs的患者,其中仅使用聚桂醇作为消融剂行EUS-LA治疗的患者共计57例。以消融术后影像学体积变化为疗效评估标准,并观察记录并发症发生情况。结果纳入的57例行EUS-LA治疗的PCNs患者年龄（52.0±14.6）岁,其中女38例、男19例。33例病变位于胰腺头颈部,24例位于胰腺体尾部。共有50例患者接受影像学随访,EUS-LA治疗后囊肿的中位体积从术前的11 434.1 mm3减小至639.4 mm3 （Z=-5.556,P<0.01）,中位直径从32.0 mm减小至12.0 mm（Z=-6.161,P<0.01）,完全缓解24例（48.0%）,部分缓解14例（28.0%）,稳定12例（24.0%）。12例患者进行第2次消融,总消融69例次,总体并发症发生率为4.3%（3/69）。随访12个月以上的患者34例,其中18例（52.9%）获得完全缓解,9例（26.5%）获得部分缓解, 7例（20.6%）病变稳定。结论EUS-LA治疗PCNs安全有效,且长期疗效稳定。     

聚桂醇局部注射治疗婴儿血管瘤疗效观察

目的:评价聚桂醇局部注射治疗婴儿体表血管瘤的临床疗效。方法:对65例不同部位的婴儿血管瘤注射聚桂醇注射液,通过3～7个月的观察,判断其疗效。结果:65例患儿,其中治愈15例,部分治愈45例,改善5例,有效率92.3%。结论:聚桂醇治疗婴儿血管瘤无需住院,安全、有效、方便,治疗后无明显瘢痕,符合美容要求。     

Aesthetic outcome of intralesional injection of lauromacrogol as a single-agent treatment for uncomplicated infantile hemangiomas: A long-term follow-up study

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are at risk of incomplete regression with remnant permanent sequelae, ranging from passive waiting for spontaneous regression to active systemic administration. The application of traditional therapy involving injection of a sclerosing agent is limited due to the difficulty in achieving cosmetic improvement. This study aimed to explore a new injection method that could not only promote tumor regression but also achieve cosmetic improvement. A total of 122 IH (from 109 children) injected intralesionally with lauromacrogol in the Plastic Surgery Department of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital between 1 January 2012 and 1 June 2019 were enrolled in this study. The mean follow-up time was 2.9 years. Of 122 lesions studied, 111 (91.0%) achieved complete regression, 10 (8.2%) achieved significant regression and one (0.8%) achieved moderate regression. In terms of aesthetic appearance, 70 (57.4%) IH had no sequelae and the A score was 5/5. Twenty-one (17.2%) IH had minimal hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation or telangiectasia and the A score was 4/5. Thirty-one (25.4%) IH had left mild or relatively obvious sequelae and the A score was 1–3/5. None of the 122 IH involved had rebound growth after terminating the treatment. Hyper- or hypopigmentation gradually faded over time and part of the IH had already returned to normal appearance by the time of long-term follow up. The results indicated that this new type of injection therapy significantly promoted the regression of uncomplicated IH and helped achieve the expected cosmetic appearance.     

EUS-guided lauromacrogol ablation of insulinomas: a novel treatment

Background and aims: EUS-guided ablation with ethanol has been used to treat insulinoma since 2006 as a minimally invasive alternative for those who are unwilling or unsuitable for surgeries. However, pancreatic fistula, pancreatitis and other adverse effects were found after the procedure in these patients. Herein, we aimed to find a novel feasible injection.

Methods: Seven patients with different chief complaints were diagnosed with insulinoma by symptoms, lab results and pathology results from EUS fine needle aspiration. All the patients refused to have surgeries and were treated by EUS-guided ablation with lauromacrogol. The injection volume was calculated by tumor size. All the patients were followed up by at least 1 month to see if there is any adverse effect. Blood glucose (BG), insulin and C-peptide levels were monitored before and after the procedure.

Results: Insulinoma size ranged from 0.76?cm ×0.84?cm to 3.39?cm ×1.84?cm. With a mean injection volume of 1.9?ml (range from 0.9 to 3.9?ml), all the patients showed relief in symptoms after the procedure. During the follow up, their BG, insulin and C-peptide levels went back to normal. None of the patients had any adverse effect.

Conclusions: EUS-guided ablation with lauromacrogol showed good treatment results and received no adverse effect after the procedure. Hence, we consider it as an effective and safe method to treat insulinoma.     

预注硬化剂减少组织胶治疗后胃静脉曲张早期排胶出血

目的通过先注射硬化剂、再注射组织胶的方法治疗胃静脉曲张,观察是否能降低早期排胶出血率。 方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年3月经解放军火箭军总医院消化内镜中心因食管胃静脉曲张接受内镜下组织胶注射治疗的274例患者,将患者分成二组：改良方法组(组织胶注射灌注硬化剂)14例;传统方法组(单纯注射组织胶)133例。改良方法组注射组织胶前预注硬化剂3～5 ml。观察两组早期排胶再出血发生情况的差异。 结果传统方法组133例患者中发生早期排胶再出血9例,再出血率6.8%;改良方法组141例患者中发生早期排胶再出血2例,再出血率1.4%,较传统方法再出血率降低(P＝0.031)。 结论在胃静脉曲张患者内镜治疗中,改良方法组预注硬化剂比传统方法组织胶注射治疗具有更低的早期排胶再出血率。     

聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中的应用价值

目的 评价聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中的应用价值.方法 分析65例患者共68个单纯性肾囊肿,行超声引导下抽尽囊液后注入适量聚桂醇硬化剂,并留置于囊腔内,治疗过程中观察患者的反应,详细记录患者主诉,所有患者术后1、3、6、12个月复查超声.结果 穿刺成功率100％.术后随访12个月,治愈率70.6％ (48/68),有效率100％(68/68).8例患者(12.3％)注入聚桂醇时有轻度不适感,1例患者出现晕厥.结论 聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中相对安全、有效,值得在临床推广应用.     

超声引导肝癌裸鼠模型瘤体内注入聚桂醇实验研究

目的 对比研究聚桂醇、无水乙醇及生理盐水经超声介入硬化治疗荷瘤肝癌模型的作用效果,探讨聚桂醇能否成为治疗原发性肝癌的新型硬化剂.方法 取BALB/C裸鼠30只及人肝癌HepG2型细胞系构建裸鼠肝癌模型,将18只造模成功荷瘤裸鼠随机分为聚桂醇组(n=6)、无水乙醇组(n=6)及生理盐水组(n=6),分别向模型瘤体中央部位注入相应药物和生理盐水进行治疗实验,观察原发性肝癌状况;超声测量各组瘤体大小,计算肿瘤生长抑制率,苏木精-伊红染色观察瘤体超声影像学改变,镜下观察肿瘤内部及周围病理学改变.结果 实验鼠造模成功18只,皮下瘤体结节均肉眼可见.聚桂醇组和无水乙醇组肿瘤生长明显受抑制(瘤体缩小,1例完全消失),总有效率100％,肿瘤生长抑制率达77.13％,病理学检查见肿瘤组织大片坏死,细胞核固缩;生理盐水组瘤体体积随时间增加无缓解.结论 聚桂醇可抑制BALB/C裸鼠原发性肝癌模型,达到与无水乙醇相似的近期硬化效果,有望成为治疗肝癌的理想硬化剂.     

Clinical Evaluation of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Selecting the Optimal Treatment Modality for Infantile Hemangioma

Objective We investigated the efficacy and safety of 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser, intense pulsed light (IPL), and lauromacrogol injection in the treatment of hemangioma, in order to evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasound guidance in choosing the optimal treatment modality. Methods Infantile patients who were clinical diagnosed as hemangiomas were randomly divided into group A, who had color Doppler ultrasound examinations before the treatment, and group B who had the treatment without ultrasound evaluation. Patients in the group A were assigned into subgroups according to the depth of lesion by sonography: group A-1 for those who had a lesion depth <1.2 mm, and took intense pulsed light therapy; group A-2 for those who had a lesion depth≥1.2mm and < 3 mm, and took long pulse 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser therapy; group A-3 for those who had a lesion depth≥3mm and <5 mm, and were treated by IPL combined with long pulse 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment; Group A-4 for those who had a lesion depth≥5 mm, and took lauromacrogol injection therapy. Patients in the group B took long pulse 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment without preoperative ultrasound evaluation. The efficacy and adverse reactions of the treatments between the groups were evaluated and compared statistically. Results Totally 113 patients with 128 skin lesions were enrolled in this study, 85 in the group A (mean age 6.8±7.9 months) and 28 in the group B (mean age 6.9±9.9 months). The mean depth of hemangioma was 3.3±1.1 mm in the group A, ranging from 0.5-7.8 mm, with 0.8±0.4 mm, 2.2±0.4 mm,4.2±0.6 mm and 6.2±0.7 mm in group A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. The cure rates and effective rates in the group A were significantly higher than those in the group B (cure rates: 64.5%vs 56.3%,U=3.378, P=0.045; effective rates: 89.5%vs 78.1%,U=4.163,P=0.041). The adverse effect rates of the group A (vesicle 20.0%, pigmentation 46.9%, scarring 17.7%) were lower than those of the group B (vesicle 21.9%, pigmentation 60.4%, scarring 25.0%). Incidences of pigmentation and scarring were statistically significantly different (U=3.884,P=0.034, andU=4.016,P=0.032 respectively) between the two groups. Conclusion With the guidance of color Doppler ultrasound, the efficacy and safety of long pulse 1064 nmNd:YAG laser, intense pulsed light, and lauromacrogol injection in the treatment of infantile hemangioma have better outcomes compared to laser treatment alone without preoperative ultrasound examination.     

超声引导经皮穿刺聚桂醇注射治疗甲状腺囊肿的疗效观察

目的:探讨超声引导下注射硬化剂聚桂醇治疗甲状腺囊肿的临床疗效及安全性?方法:采用超声引导经皮穿刺囊腔内注射聚桂醇,治疗甲状腺囊肿共78例?治疗前所有囊肿均接受甲状腺穿刺及细胞病理学检查,以排除恶性病变?治疗时尽量将囊液抽吸净,然后注入约1/3囊腔容积量的聚桂醇进行硬化治疗,每周1次,根据囊肿的缩小情况,共治疗1~4次?结果:①78例囊肿共进行166次硬化治疗,3个月后囊肿容积平均缩小71.6% ± 35.3%,与治疗前相比有显著差异(P < 0.01);治疗总有效率84.6%(66/78),治愈率52.6%(41/78);②不同容积大小的囊肿治愈率有统计学差异(P < 0.01),容积>5 mL的囊肿治愈率显著高于容积<5 mL者(P < 0.01),但不同容积囊肿的治疗有效率无统计学差异(P > 0.05);③治疗前后患者甲状腺功能及甲状腺相关抗体滴度无显著变化;④治疗的并发症发生率低,无严重不良反应?结论:超声引导下注射聚桂醇治疗甲状腺囊性病变简单易行?临床效果好,不良反应少,可作为甲状腺囊肿的首选治疗方法之一?     

乙氧硬化醇含量测定方法的研究

目的:采用薄层扫描法测定乙氧硬化醇的含量。方法:采用日本岛津 CS-930型双波长薄层扫描仪,含0.5%CMC-Na的硅胶 G 薄层板,展开剂:甲醇-氯仿(1:6),显色:碘蒸气。检测波长430 nm,狭缝尺寸:2 nm×2 nm。结果:乙氧硬化醇对照品溶液点样量在10～50μg 的范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r 为0.994;回收率(n=5)为100.3%(RSD=0.90%)。结论:本法操作简单、灵敏,结果准确可靠。