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1.
BackgroundOur meta-analysis from 2013 showed that inserting a catheter intrathecally after an observed accidental dural puncture can reduce the need for epidural blood patch in labouring women requesting epidural analgesia. We updated our conventional meta-analysis and added a trial-sequential analysis (TSA).MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies that compared inserting the catheter intrathecally with an epidural catheter re-site or with no intervention. The extracted data were pooled and the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the incidence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) was calculated, using the random effects model. A contour-enhanced funnel plot was constructed. A TSA was performed and the cumulative Z score, monitoring and futility boundaries were constructed.ResultsOur search identified 13 studies, reporting on 1653 patients, with a low risk of bias. The RR for the incidence of PDPH was 0.82 (95%CI 0.71 to 0.95) and the RR for the need for epidural blood patch was 0.62 (95%CI 0.49 to 0.79); heterogeneity of both analyses was high. The TSA showed that the monitoring or futility boundaries were not crossed, indicating insufficient data to exclude a type I error of statistical analysis. Contour-enhanced funnel plots were symmetric, suggesting no publication bias.ConclusionsConventional meta-analyses showed for the first time that intrathecal catheterisation can reduce the incidence of PDPH. However, TSA did not corroborate this finding. Despite increasing use in clinical practice there is no firm evidence on which to base a definite conclusion. 相似文献
2.
Adequate postoperative analgesia is a key element of enhanced recovery programmes. Thoracic epidural analgesia is associated with superior postoperative analgesia but can lead to complications. Rectus sheath catheter analgesia may provide an alternative. In a nested qualitative study (within a two-year randomised controlled trial) focussing on the acceptability, expectations and experiences of receiving the interventions, participants (n = 20) were interviewed 4 weeks post-intervention using a grounded theory approach. Constant comparative analysis, with patient and public involvement, enabled emerging findings to be pursued through subsequent data collection. We found no notable differences regarding postoperative acceptability or the experience of pain management. Pre-operatively, however, thoracic epidural analgesia was a source of anticipatory fear and anxiety. Both interventions resulted in some experienced adverse events (proportionately more with thoracic epidural analgesia). Participants had negative experiences of the insertion of thoracic epidural analgesia; others receiving the rectus sheath catheter lacked confidence in staff members' ability to manage the local anaesthetic infusion pump. The anticipation of the technique of thoracic epidural analgesia, and concerns about its impact on mobility, represented an additional, unpleasant experience for patients already managing an illness experience, anticipating a life-changing operation and dealing with concerns about the future. The anticipation of rectus sheath catheter analgesia was not associated with such anxieties. Patients' experiences start far earlier than the experience of the intervention itself through anticipatory anxieties and fears about receiving a technique and its potential implications. Complex pain packages can take on greater meaning than their actual efficacy in relieving postoperative pain. Future research into patient acceptability and experience should not focus solely on efficacy of pain relief but should include anticipatory fears, anxieties and experiences. 相似文献
3.
目的 探讨腰硬联合(CSEA)及患者自控镇痛(PCEA)对产程及分娩结局的影响。方法 随机选取2014年1~12月足月待产、无妊娠合并症和并发症初产妇996例,其中503例产妇于活跃期实施CSEA+PCEA镇痛(分娩镇痛组),493例未行分娩镇痛(对照组),分别记录并比较两组产妇各产程时间、子宫收缩、镇痛效果、运动神经阻滞程度、产程中缩宫素的使用率、产后出血率、羊水Ⅲ度污染率、新生儿Apgar评分、产钳助产和剖宫产率。结果 分娩镇痛组第一产程、第二产程较对照组有所延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);第三产程无明显改变;子宫收缩力减弱;分娩镇痛组较对照组镇痛效果显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);运动阻滞程度低;缩宫素使用率、产后出血率、羊水Ⅲ度污染率、及新生儿Apgar评分及产钳助产和剖宫产率两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 腰硬联合分娩镇痛可能会使第一产程、第二产程延长,对子宫收缩力有一定的影响,但并未增加缩宫素的使用率及产钳助产和剖宫产率,其镇痛效果显著,运动阻滞程度低,对分娩结局无不良影响。 相似文献
4.
肾上腺素对氯普鲁卡因硬膜外阻滞患者药效学和药代动力学的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察1:20万肾上腺素对3%盐酸氯普鲁卡因硬膜外阻滞患者药效学和药代动力学的影响。方法择期行下腹部手术患者20例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为2组(n=10):盐酸氯普鲁卡因组(C组)和盐酸氯普鲁卡因加肾上腺素组(CE组)。分别用3%氯普鲁卡因6 mg·kg-1(C组)和含 1:20万肾上腺素3%氯普鲁卡因6 mg·kg-1(CE组)硬膜外阻滞,记录局麻药的起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间和给药后20min时运动阻滞程度;分别在给药前及给药后3、6、9、11、13、15、17、20、30、45、60、 90min采取桡动脉血1.5ml,高效液相色谱法检测血浆氯普鲁卡因浓度,经计算机软件拟合血药浓度 -时间曲线,并计算各项药代动力学参数。结果两组局麻药的起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞程度差异无统计学意义。C、CE组血药浓度峰值(Cmax)分别为0.49±0.47、(0.32±0.22)mg· L-1,达峰值时间(Tmax)分别为8±3、(9±4)min;血药浓度曲线下面积(AUC)分别为10±6、(7±4)μg· min·ml-1;清除速率常数(K)分别为0.32±0.21、(0.36±0.32)min-1;两组间Cmax、Tmax、AUC及K比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 1:20万肾上腺素对3%盐酸氯普鲁卡因硬膜外阻滞的药代动力学和药效学没有影响。 相似文献
5.
We report the case of a thoracic epidural hematoma at the T7-T9 level which occurred after placement of spinal epidural catheter for continuous anaesthesia in acute pancreatitis. The male patient felt a sudden back pain after six days of successful analgesia and became paraplegic 24 hours afterwards. An emergency laminectomy and removal of the hematoma were performed; however, the patient recovered only incompletely.We discuss the clinical signs and symptoms of spinal epidural hematoma as well as its diagnostics and therapy. The controversial views from the literature concernings its etiology are critically reviewed. 相似文献
6.
目的 探讨老年病人经尿道前列腺汽化术 (TUVP)的麻醉方法。方法 1 0 2例老年病人在连续硬膜外麻醉下行尿道前列腺汽化术 ,观察了麻醉手术效果、生命体征的变化、手术操作条件及术中术后的麻醉手术并发症的发生情况。结果 1 0 2例病人均痊愈出院。麻醉效果优良率 94%。Bromage <2的例数占 84%。术中出现血压下降等麻醉手术并发症较少且都得到及时纠正。结论 低浓度局麻药硬膜外麻醉用于老年病人TUVP手术对病人干扰少、经济、安全实用 ,可以作为首选的麻醉方法 相似文献
7.
颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞下甲状腺手术应激反应的比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 :比较颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞下甲状腺手术应激反应的大小。方法 :选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级 ,女性 ,甲状腺手术患者 30例 ,年龄 2 2~ 5 5岁 ,术前无呼吸、循环和内分泌疾病 ,随机分为颈丛阻滞组 (颈丛组 ) 15例 ,硬膜外阻滞组(硬膜外组 ) 15例 ;颈丛阻滞选用 0 .8%利多卡因和 0 .2 5 %布比卡因混合液 ,以C4一点法行双侧深浅丛阻滞 ;硬膜外阻滞选用 1.3%利多卡因和 0 .15 %丁卡因混合液 ,穿刺点选择C4~ 5或C5~ 6间隙 ,采用侧卧位直入法 ,并向头置管 3cm ;分别测定并记录麻醉前、麻醉后 2 0min、切皮、分上极、切腺体和术毕共六个时点的血糖、血压和心率的变化。结果 :两组病例各时点血糖均逐步上升 ,于分上极、切腺体和术毕血糖值与麻醉前比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;硬膜外组只在分上极时SBP与麻醉前比较有差异外 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而颈丛组在分上极、切腺体时DBP与麻醉前比较有差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,SBP、MAP与麻醉前比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :本研究表明颈丛阻滞、硬膜外阻滞均不能完全抑制甲状腺手术的应激反应 ,在稳定甲状腺手术循环功能方面硬膜外阻滞优于颈丛阻滞 相似文献
8.
9.
Coagulation screening before epidural analgesia in pre-eclampsia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A questionnaire survey of current practice at a small cross-section of obstetric units, covering 22% of all United Kingdom deliveries, revealed a marked lack of standard practice regarding requests for coagulation screens on pre-eclamptic patients who require epidural procedures. A retrospective audit was therefore carried out on 434 coagulation screens requested for pre-eclamptic patients in whom epidural analgesia might have been considered. Borderline abnormalities of coagulation were found in only 10 patients (2%). Platelet counts of less than 150 x 10(9)/litre were present in 28% of cases. 'Significant' thrombocytopenia (less than 100 x 10(9)/litre) and all coagulation abnormalities were only encountered in severe pre-eclampsia (diastolic blood pressure of greater than 110 mmHg and proteinuria of + + or greater). Furthermore, coagulation abnormality was always associated with a reduced platelet count (mean, 97 x 10(9)/litre). This study would therefore support anaesthetic practice which restricted any requests for coagulation testing to severe pre-eclamptic patients only. For these patients first line testing could be limited to a platelet count. 相似文献
10.
腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉在全产程中的镇痛效果及对母婴的影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
①目的 探讨腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉在全产程中的镇痛效果以及对母婴的影响。②方法 选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级、无禁忌证的单胎头位临产初产妇 30 0例 ,随机分为腰硬组 (腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉 )、硬外组 (硬膜外麻醉 )和对照组 (未用任何麻醉方法 )各 10 0例。行L2~ 3 椎间隙一点穿刺并一次成功。分别观察镇痛效果、起效时间、用药量、副作用、产程、分娩方式及母婴情况。③结果 腰硬组镇痛效果、起效时间以及用药量明显优于硬外组(uc=5 .34,t=16 .92~ 2 9.6 9,P <0 .0 1) ;与对照组比较 ,宫颈扩张加速 ,第一产程明显缩短 ,而第二产程延长 (t =3.34~ 4 8.4 9,P <0 .0 1) ,剖宫产率明显下降 ,而阴道助产率增高 ,胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率下降 (χ2 =6 .82~ 2 0 .35 ,P <0 .0 1)。④结论 腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉用于分娩镇痛优于硬膜外麻醉 ,是一种安全有效、更适合全产程镇痛的麻醉方法。 相似文献