下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变潜在机制的加权基因共表达网络和免疫浸润分析

目的]探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变的潜在机制和免疫相关性。 [方法]从高通量基因表达数据库下载GSE100927数据集,利用R语言软件Limma数据包和加权基因共表达网络分析筛选与下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变相关的基因并进行信号通路富集分析;构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络并筛选下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变相关的核心基因,分析核心基因在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变样本与对照样本间的差异,利用受试者工作特征曲线下面积评价核心基因的诊断效能。采用反卷积算法(CIBERSORT)评估各样本中免疫细胞分布并计算不同免疫细胞在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变样本与对照样本间的差异。 [结果]筛选获得下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变差异表达上调基因153个,差异表达下调基因63个,加权基因共表达网络分析结果表明下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变基因差异表达以上调为主,涉及胆固醇代谢、血小板活化等信号通路;蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受体C型(PTPRC)、Spi-1原癌基因(SPI1)、集落刺激因子1受体(CSF1R)和Fcγ受体Ⅲa(FCGR3A)可能是下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变的核心基因,且诊断效能较好。下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变与单核细胞的浸润程度呈正相关(r＝0.419,P＝0.037),与M2型巨噬细胞的浸润程度呈负相关(r＝－0.491,P＝0.013)。 [结论]下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变涉及胆固醇代谢、血小板活化等多种信号通路;与单核细胞、巨噬细胞介导的免疫反应密切相关;PTPRC、SPI1、CSF1R和FCGR3A可能是下肢动脉硬化闭塞症膝下病变的核心基因。     

3-Year Outcomes of the OLIVE Registry,a Prospective Multicenter Study of Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia: A Prospective,Multi-Center,Three-Year Follow-Up Study on Endovascular Treatment for Infra-Inguinal Vessel in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia

ObjectivesThis study sought to investigate the 3-year follow-up results of OLIVE registry patients.BackgroundAlthough favorable 12-month clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) in OLIVE registry patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) from infrainguinal disease have been reported, long-term results after EVT remain unknown.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter registry study that consecutively enrolled patients who received infrainguinal EVT for CLI. The primary outcome was 3-year amputation-free survival (AFS), whereas secondary outcome measures were 3-year freedom from major adverse limb events (MALE), wound-free survival, and wound recurrence rate. Prognostic predictors for each outcome were also elucidated by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis or the log-rank test.ResultsThe completion rate of 3-year follow-up was 95%. Three-year AFS, freedom from MALE, and wound-free survival rates were 55.2%, 84.0%, and 49.6%, respectively. Wound recurrence out to 3 years was 43.9%. After multivariable analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.43, p = 0.001), body mass index ≤18.5 (HR: 2.17, p = 0.001), dialysis (HR: 2.91, p < 0.001), and Rutherford 6 (HR: 1.64, p = 0.047) were identified as predictors of 3-year major amputation or death. Statin use (HR: 0.28, p = 0.02), Rutherford 6 (HR: 2.40, p = 0.02), straight-line flow to the foot (HR: 0.27, p = 0.001), and heart failure (HR: 1.96, p = 0.04) were identified as 3-year MALE predictors. Finally, CLI due to isolated below-the-knee lesion was a wound recurrence predictor (HR: 4.28, p ≤ 0.001). Three-year survival, freedom from major amputation, and reintervention rates were 63.0%, 87.9%, and 43.2%.ConclusionsIn CLI patients with infrainguinal lesions, 3-year clinical results of EVT were reasonable despite high reintervention and moderate ulcer recurrence rate. (A Prospective, Multi-Center, Three-Year Follow-Up Study on Endovascular Treatment for Infra-Inguinal Vessel in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia [OLIVE 3-Year Follow-Up Study]; UMIN000014759)     

Drug-Eluting Stent Versus Drug-Coated Balloon Revascularization in Patients With Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease

Background

Randomized trials of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) for femoropopliteal interventions reported superior patency rates for both strategies compared to standard balloon angioplasty. To date, head-to-head comparisons are missing.

Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon in Infrapopliteal Arteries: 12-Month Results From the BIOLUX P-II Randomized Trial (BIOTRONIK'S-First in Man study of the Passeo-18 LUX drug releasing PTA Balloon Catheter vs. the uncoated Passeo-18 PTA balloon catheter in subjects requiring revascularization of infrapopliteal arteries)

ObjectivesThe aim of BIOLUX P-II (BIOTRONIK'S–First in Man study of the Passeo-18 LUX drug releasing PTA Balloon Catheter vs. the uncoated Passeo-18 PTA balloon catheter in subjects requiring revascularization of infrapopliteal arteries) trial was to compare the safety and efficacy of a novel paclitaxel-coated drug-eluting balloon (DEB) versus an uncoated balloon (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty [PTA]) in de novo or native restenotic lesions of the infrapopliteal arteries in patients with claudication and critical limb ischemia.BackgroundDEB have shown promising results in femoropopliteal lesions, but data for infrapopliteal lesions are scarce.MethodsIn this prospective, multicenter, randomized first-in-man study, 72 patients were randomized 1:1 to either a Passeo-18 Lux DEB (Biotronik AG, Buelach, Switzerland) (n = 36) or Passeo-18 PTA (n = 36). Follow-up assessments were scheduled at 1, 6, and 12 months, with angiographic assessment at 6 months. Adverse events were adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee, and angiographic parameters were assessed by an independent core laboratory.ResultsThe primary safety endpoint (a composite of all-cause mortality, target extremity major amputation, target lesion thrombosis, and target vessel revascularization at 30 days) was 0% in the DEB group versus 8.3% in the PTA group (p = 0.239). The primary performance endpoint (patency loss at 6 months) was 17.1% in the DEB group versus 26.1% in the PTA group (p = 0.298), and major amputations of the target extremity occurred in 3.3% versus 5.6% of the patients at 12 months, respectively.ConclusionsThe Passeo-18 Lux DEB has been proven to be safe and effective in infrapopliteal lesions with comparable outcomes to PTA.     

Revascularization for Critical Limb Ischemia Using the SpiderFX Embolic Protection Device in the Below-the-Knee Circulation: Initial Results

PurposeTo examine the safety and efficacy of the SpiderFX embolic protection device (EPD) in the below-the-knee (BTK) circulation in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI).Materials and MethodsA single-center retrospective review was performed to identify patients with CLI and single-vessel runoff in whom the SpiderFX EPD was used in the BTK circulation. Technical success and device-related complications were the primary endpoints. Retrieval of macroscopic debris in the EPD, 1-year freedom from major adverse limb events (MALEs), and 30-day perioperative death were also evaluated. A major amputation, surgical bypass, endovascular thrombectomy, or endovascular thrombolysis was considered a MALE. Thirty-six patients (21 men; mean age, 75.8 y) treated between 2008 and 2013 had endovascular revascularization with use of the SpiderFX EPD in the BTK circulation.ResultsThe SpiderFX EPD was successfully deployed in all cases; the technical success rate of revascularization was 100%. Two minor and zero major complications were observed related to the SpiderFX. Two MALEs, a major amputation and a subsequent surgical bypass, were observed in the cohort. All MALEs occurred within 1 year of treatment (1-y freedom from MALE rate, 90%). Debris was retrieved in the SpiderFX device in 47% of patients.ConclusionsThe use of the SpiderFX EPD in the BTK circulation in patients with CLI is safe and frequently retrieves debris.     

股总动脉内膜剥脱术后再狭窄的影响因素

目的 探讨股总动脉硬化闭塞症患者行股总动脉内膜剥脱术后发生再狭窄的相关影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2019年9月于首都医科大学宣武医院血管外科行股总动脉内膜剥脱术的136例患者为研究对象,术后下肢动脉超声检查评估股总动脉再狭窄>70%纳入再狭窄组(n=47),股总动脉再狭窄≤70%纳入通畅组(n=89)。比较股总动脉通畅组和再狭窄组患者的临床资料,使用Cox比例风险回归模型探索股总动脉内膜剥脱术后再狭窄的影响因素。采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用t检验及χ²检验。结果 136例患者术后发生再狭窄47例(34.6%)。股总动脉通畅组和再狭窄组患者合并糖尿病、吸烟情况和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比较,差异均有统计学意义[30(63.8%)和35(39.3%),29(61.7%)和29(32.6%),(1.79±0.58)和(1.54±0.46)mmol/L;均P<0.05]。2组患者膝下流出道情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者均于术后1 d各发生腹股沟血肿1例,于术后3 d各发生局部淋...     

逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变临床研究

目的：探讨经足背-足底(TDP)或足底-足背(TPD)动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术与常规顺行血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2011年7月接受常规顺行血管成形术的96例膝下动脉闭塞性病变患者112条患肢,其中27条顺行手术失败患肢接受经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术。根据手术前踝-臂指数(ABI)、基于冠状动脉造影的心肌梗死溶栓(TIMI)后血流评分(TIMI评分)及足背或足底动脉搏动评分,评价比较顺行血管成形术治疗成功组(常规组,71例患者85条患肢)和经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗成功组(逆行组,20例患者22条患肢)术后肢体挽救率及靶血管通畅率。结果逆行组和常规组手术成功率分别为75.9%和74%(P>0.05),ABI分别由术前0.55±0.21和0.56±0.14改善为术后0.93±0.19和0.89±0.18(P>0.05);逆行组和常规组TIMI评分分别由术前0.1±0.5和0.8±0.8改善为术后2.5±0.6和1.8±0.8(P<0.0001),逆行组患者远侧足部组织获得更好血流灌注。逆行组和常规组术后12、24个月靶血管一期通畅率分别为63.6%(14/22)、45.5%(10/22)和52.9%(45/85)、37.6%(32/85)(P>0.05)。术后24个月Kaplan-Meier 生存分析曲线评价显示逆行组和常规组肢体挽救率分别为95.5%和96.5%(P>0.05)。结论与常规顺行血管成形术相比,经TDP或TPD动脉环逆行腔内血管成形术治疗膝下动脉闭塞性病变可获得更好的即刻血流改善情况以及相似的ABI改善情况、一期通畅率及肢体挽救率,可作为顺行血管成形术失败后的有效替补治疗方法。