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排序方式: 共有148条查询结果,搜索用时 578 毫秒
1.
体重、体质指数、腰围和腰臀比对正常成人骨密度的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的探讨体重、体质指数(BMI)和腰围、腰臀比(WHR)对正常成人骨密度的影响。方法采用MarcomMx8000多层螺旋CT测定560例正常成人腰椎松质骨密度,将受试者按年龄不同分为青年组、中年组和老年组,然后在同年龄组根据BMI及腰围的不同将受试者分为肥胖组和正常体重组,分析骨密度与体重、BMI、腰围及WHR的关系。结果①以BMI分组,老年肥胖组BMD高于体重正常组(P<0.05);②以腰围分组,中年女性肥胖组BMD低于非肥胖组(P<0.05);③青年组和中年组BMD与腰围及WHR呈负相关,老年组BMD与体重和BMI呈正相关与腰围和WHR不相关。结论预防骨质疏松症在中青年应提倡运动锻炼,避免肥胖,在老年人不应该过分强调降低体重减少肥胖以避免骨量的丢失。 相似文献
2.
Until recently, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been overlooked as a potential modifier of the inverse association between obesity and mortality (the so-called obesity paradox), observed in patients with known or suspected cardiovascular (CV) disease. Evidence from five observational cohort studies of 30,104 patients (87% male) with CV disease indicates that CRF significantly alters the obesity paradox. There is general agreement across studies that the obesity paradox persists among patients with low CRF, regardless of whether adiposity is assessed by body mass index, waist circumference, or percentage body fat. However, among patients with high CRF, risk of all-cause mortality is lowest for the overweight category in some, but not all, studies, suggesting that higher levels of fitness may modify the relationship between body fatness and survival in patients manifesting an obesity paradox. Further study is needed to better characterize the joint contribution of CRF and obesity on mortality in diverse populations. 相似文献
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4.
Ye Ma Lili Huang Lu Zhang Hai Yu Bin Liu 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(7):1270-1279
Background
Obesity as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases increases mortality in general population. Several clinical studies investigated clinical outcomes in patients with different body mass index (BMI) after cardiac arrest (CA). Controversial data regarding BMI on clinical outcomes in those patients exist in those studies. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of BMI on survival condition and neurological prognosis in those patients.Methods
We searched Pubmed, Embase, Ovid/Medline and EBM reviews databases for relational studies investigating the association between BMI and clinical outcomes of patients after CA. Seven studies involving 25,035 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Primary outcome was survival condition and secondary outcome was neurological prognosis. Three comparisons were conducted: underweight (BMI < 18.5) versus normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) versus normal weight and obese (BMI ≥ 30) versus normal weight.Results
Using normal weight patients as reference, underweight patients had a higher mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10 to 1.66; P = 0.004; I2 = 17%). Overweight was associated with increased hospital survival (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.98; P = 0.03; I2 = 62%) and better neurological recovery (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.85; P < 0.001; I2 = 0%). No significant difference was found in clinical outcomes between obese and normal weight patients.Conclusions
Low BMI was associated with lower survival rate in CA patients. Overweight was associated with a higher survival rate and better neurological recovery. Clinical outcomes did not differ between obese and normal weight patients. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms. 相似文献5.
Abstract Measurements of obesity [body mass index (BMI)] and body fat distribution [waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)] were analyzed in 284 51-year-old men in relation to items about social, mental, and physical well-being from the Göteborg Quality of Life Instrument. Overweight participants (BMI ≥ 25) reported a better home-family situation, appetite, and self-esteem, but decreased physical fitness and more pain in the legs compared with their leaner counterparts. Men with abdominal obesity (WHR ≥ 1.0) experienced impaired health and physical fitness and lower self-esteem compared with those with WHR < 1.0. The abdominally obese participants were more often exhausted and experienced depressive symptoms. Abdominal pain was more frequent among those with WHR ≥ 1.0. Overweight and abdominal obesity seem differently associated with social, mental, and physical well-being in men. Impaired quality of life may be causally related to the development of abdominal obesity; the mechanism involved might be increased cortisol secretion, which can redistribute body fat to central adipose tissue depots. 相似文献
6.
Yulia Vistoropsky Svetlana Trofimov Ida Malkin Eugene Kobyliansky 《Annals of human biology》2013,40(1):93-103
Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a member of the adipocytokine family; it is implicated in tissue repair, regeneration, and angiogenesis. Several studies have reported that the HGF plays important role in obesity and cardiovascular disease.Aim: This study examines whether HGF and its phenotypic correlations with obesity and blood pressure (BP), in healthy individuals, are due to shared genetic or common environmental factors.Subjects and methods: Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), BP, and HGF plasma concentrations were measured in a sample of 733 individuals belonging to 248 pedigrees.Results: The most significant phenotypic correlations were found among HGF, WHR, and systolic BP (p < 0.001). Analysis of the familial aggregation revealed that parent–offspring and sibling correlations in HGF levels, adjusted for age, age2, and sex, were statistically highly significant (p < 0.001). Variance decomposition analysis showed that when adjusted for potential covariates, 48.4% of the HGF variation was due to putative genetic factors. The genetic correlations between all pairs of studied traits (HGF, WHR, and SBP) were statistically significant (p < 0.02) and ranged between 0.23 ± 0.07 and 0.40 ± 0.07. However, correlation between WHR and BP becomes non-significant after adjustment for HGF.Conclusions: The results provide evidence that putative genetic factors involved in regulation of HGF variation contribute also significantly to variation of the obesity and BP. It is possible that the familial resemblance for WHR and the SBP correlation in the studied sample is affected substantially by genetic factors regulating circulating HGF levels. 相似文献
7.
Susann Blüher David Petroff Antje Wagner Katja Warich Ruth Gausche Thorsten Klemm Mario Wagner Alexandra Keller 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》2014
Objective
Regular physical exercise within structured lifestyle programs may improve weight status and minimize metabolic risk factors in childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the one-year combined physical exercise/lifestyle program KLAKS on anthropometric and metabolic parameters and glycemic control in childhood obesity.Materials and Methods
142 overweight/obese (BMI > 90th percentile) candidates (7–18 years) were enrolled, 115 participants completed the program. Anthropometrics and biochemical parameters were obtained at beginning and completion. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in a subgroup of participants. Course of glucose and insulin levels within OGTT was correlated with several parameters and is reported here for those who completed the program.Results
The mean standard deviation scores (SDS) decreased significantly for BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and percentage body fat (all p ≤ 0.01). Improved metabolic risk markers included mean glucose levels within an OGTT at follow-up compared to baseline (p < 0.0001) and HbA1c (p = 0.05) as well as indications of improvement for gamma-glutamyl-transferase and free fatty acids.Conclusions
The one-year combined exercise/lifestyle program KLAKS significantly improves markers of obesity and glycemic control. Impaired cardiometabolic risk markers, even subclinical, are also favorably influenced by program participation. 相似文献8.
Michaela Farukuoye Klaus Strassburger Gertrud Kacerovsky-Bielesz Guido Giani Michael Roden 《Nutrition Research》2014
Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) provide an inexpensive tool for dietary assessment. Given the scarcity of data on their validity for nutritional analysis in persons with overt diabetes mellitus or with increased risk of diabetes (relatives of patients with diabetes), this study tests the hypothesis that an FFQ, adapted to local dietary habits, yields a reliable estimate of nutrient intake when compared with 7-day food record (7DR) in healthy, prediabetes, and diabetes cohorts. One hundred three volunteers (50 persons with overt diabetes mellitus, 24 relatives of patients with diabetes, and 29 nondiabetic individuals without a family history of diabetes) completed both FFQ and 7DR. A second FFQ was completed by 100 of these volunteers after 3 months to evaluate its reproducibility. Data were compared by correlation and Bland-Altman analyses. Across the entire group, estimates for gram intakes of nutrients and total energy were associated with wide limits of agreement between FFQ and 7DR (correlation coefficients, 0.23-0.72; P < .02). Compared with 7DR, the FFQ overestimated intakes of saturated fat in the entire group (+6.6 ± 14 g; P < .001) and in persons with overt diabetes mellitus (+7.6 ± 15 g; P < .001) but underestimated protein intake in relatives of patients with diabetes (−16.36 ± 31 g; P = .01). The repeated FFQ revealed variable agreement (correlation coefficients, 0.34-0.72; P < .001) and underestimated (P < .01) macronutrient and total energy intakes, with slightly better performance in persons with overt diabetes mellitus and relatives of patients with diabetes than in nondiabetic individuals without a family history of diabetes. Hence, the FFQ allows measuring intakes of total energy and macronutrients in prediabetes and diabetes cohorts but reveals limitations when assessing dietary composition. 相似文献
9.
[目的]了解围绝经期妇女腰围/臀围比值(WHR)与2型糖尿病(DM)的关系,探讨糖尿病防治新途径。[方法]选取城区健康普查妇女1236人,其中WHR≥0.85的围绝经期妇女268人为A组,WHR〈0.85的围绝经期妇女442人为B组,余下230人正常妇女为C组(对照组),分析各组DM发生率。[结果]A组比B组、C组DM发病率明显增高(P〈0.0001),B组比C组DM发生率高(P〈0.005)。[结论]围绝经期妇女糖尿病发生率明显高于非围绝经期妇女,特别是WHR≥0.85的围绝经期妇女糖尿病发病率更高。 相似文献
10.
目的:研究胰岛素抵抗与非酒精性脂肪肝发病之间的关系.方法:连续观察体检人群81例,其中非酒精性脂肪肝患者59例,测身高、体重、腰嗣、臀围,计算体质指数(BMI)及腰臀比(WHR),检测空腹血清血糖、胰岛素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯,比较2组人群之间的差异.结果:非酒精性脂肪肝组较对照组BMI、WHR及血甘油三脂更高、胰岛素敏感指数更低,多元Logistic回归分析显示:对非酒精性脂肪肝的发病具有影响的是WHR和胰岛素敏感指数.结论:WHR和胰岛素敏感指数是非酒精性脂肪肝发病的独立影响因素. 相似文献