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Alberto Arnedo-Pena Iraya Vivas-Fornas Noemi Meseguer-Ferrer María Dolores Tirado-Balaguer Alberto Yagüe-Muñoz Silvia Herrera-León Susana Sabater-Vidal María Ángeles Romeu-García Ana Vizcaino Batllés Juan Bautista Bellido-Blasco Rosario Moreno-Muñoz 《Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica》2018,36(8):478-483
Introduction
Salmonella infections (SI) are common in Spain. The aim of this study was to appraise risk factors and the clinical characteristics of sporadic Salmonella Typhimurium infections compared with other sporadic salmonella serotype infections (OSI).Methods
From September 2014 to August 2015, a case-case study was carried out by the Epidemiology Division of the Public Health Centre of Castellon. Case 1 consisted of patients with sporadic S. Typhimurium infections, while case 2 comprised OSI patients, assessed according to the stool cultures analyzed by the Microbiology Laboratories of Hospital General de Castellon and Hospital de La Plana in Vila-real. Patients from detected outbreaks were not included. The salmonella serotype was identified by the National Centre of Microbiology (Madrid).Results
The total number of SI patients reported was 327, 242 of whom were studied (74.0%). 148 patients had sporadic S. Typhimurium infection and 64 had OSI, with median ages of 4 and 8.5 years, respectively. Sporadic S. Typhimurium infection patients presented more blood in feces and diarrhea episodes. Consumption of pork meat (OR = 2.22; 95% CI 1.12–4.43), cold pork meats (OR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.32–4.68) and playing in the dirt (OR = 3.02; 95% CI 1.55–5.88), were associated with sporadic S. Typhimurium infection. In the 0–4 year-old group, the associated factors were consumption of cold pork meats, omelets and female gender. In the 5-year-old and over group, only playing in soil was associated with sporadic S. Typhimurium infection.Conclusions
The consumption of pork and omelets, as well as playing in the dirt, were the main factors associated with infection. Children were most affected by sporadic S. Typhimurium infection. 相似文献3.
Laser in situ keratomileusis results after intrastromal corneal ring segments (Intacs) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) after removal of intrastromal corneal ring segments (Intacs, KeraVision, Fremont, CA) from the cornea. DESIGN: Single-center, noncomparative, interventional, consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: Nine eyes of nine consecutive patients who had undergone LASIK after Intacs of experimental design removal were analyzed for this study. INTERVENTION: A standard LASIK procedure was performed with the Nidek EC 5000 excimer laser (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan) at intervals between 4 and 10 months after Intacs explantation. A Nidek MK 2000 microkeratome (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan) or a Chiron Automated Corneal Shaper (Bausch & Lomb, Claremont, CA) with a 130- to 180-microm thickness plate was used to create a nasal hinged flap in a plane superficial to the previous Intacs channel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and topography were measured preoperatively and at months 1, 3, 6, and 12 after LASIK. RESULTS: Faint residual scarring in the channels after Intacs removal was seen in all patients. No difficulties were encountered during the ablation or flap replacement. Eight of nine patients had 20/20 or better uncorrected visual acuity after a single LASIK procedure. Mean spherical equivalent at 12 months was -0.6, ranging from -1.25 to +0.25 diopter. One patient had glare develop secondary to superior corneal thinning and scarring after implantation of a nonstandard Intacs. No patient lost lines of best spectacle-corrected vision after LASIK. CONCLUSION: Reversibility of the myopic Intacs is demonstrated. Removal of Intacs may be followed by a safe and effective LASIK for low to moderate myopia. 相似文献
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