复方积雪草有效组分对人肾小管上皮细胞补体C3表达的影响

目的：探讨复方积雪草有效组分——积雪草苷／大黄素干预肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）诱导的人肾近曲小管上皮细胞（HPTEC）补体C3 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。方法：采用HPTEC，模型组TNF-α 10ng／ml诱导，治疗组在TNF-α诱导的同时，以不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素进行干预，于24h后分别提取细胞RNA及上清，应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）和酶链免疫方法（ELISA）分别检测HPTEC C3 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果：正常HPTEC具有C3 mRNA和蛋白表达，经TNF-α诱导后G表达明显上调，用不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素干预后，C3 mRNA及蛋白水平表达出现不同程度的下调，呈一定的剂量依赖关系和协同作用。结论：复方积雪草有效组分能够抑制炎性细胞因子TNF-α上调所致的肾局部G过度产生。     

Observations on pathological and histochemical changes in piglet livers infected with Taenia saginata asiatica

To study the pathological and histochemical characteristics of lesions in piglet livers infected with Taenia saginata asiatica (T. saginata asiatica) throughout the different stages, piglets were fed with eggs of T. saginata asiatica and raised in isolation in an animal center to establish the T. saginata asiatica infection model with normal piglets as control. The pathological changes in the piglet livers were observed after the infection using liver sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histochemical methods were used to check the changes in lipid, glycogen and protein content in the liver. The data collected by image analysis were analyzed statistically with Statistical Package for the Social Science. The results show that T. saginata asiatica-exposed piglets were indeed infected. Inflammatory reactions began on the fourth day and progressed rapidly. Kupffer cell hyperplasia, hepatic hydropic degeneration and ballooning degeneration were found in the 10th–20th days after infection. Hepatic central veins and hepatic sinusoids were dilated and congested. Spotty necrosis occurred in some local liver tissues. In the 40th–60th days, granulomatous reactions and mild hepatocirrhosis were the main lesions. In the 70th–80th days, hepatocirrhosis and bile duct proliferation were observed in the liver. In the different stages, lipid drops were increased while glycogen and protein levels were decreased to some degree. There was a significant difference in metabolism between the infected group and the control group (P < 0.01). It is concluded that pigs are the favorable intermediate host of T. saginata asiatica and its infection can result in serious pathological and histochemical lesions in host organs. Translated from Journal of Guiyang Medical College, 2006, 31(4): 296–300 [译自: 贵阳医学院学报]     

Antiulcer activity of Tinospora cordifolia Miers and Centella asiatica linn extracts

The ethanol extracts of the roots of T. cordifolia Miers and C. asiatica Linn were observed to induce a marked protective action against an 8 h restraint stress induced ulcerization, the activity being comparable to that of diazepam.     

车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的 :　探讨车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响。方法 :　采用大鼠血清及多脏器组织 ,观察车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响。结果 :　高脂对照组血清和心肌超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性显著降低 ,而脂质过氧化物 ( LPO)含量明显升高 ,血清和肝脏的过氧化氢酶( CAT)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH-Px)活性明显降低。补充车前子后显著升高血清及心肌组织SOD活性 2 2 %和 2 8% ,以及肝脏 GSH-Px活性 2 2 %。而使血清及心肌的 LPO含量分别下降 3 2 %和 1 7%。结论 :　 1 5 g/kg车前子可提高高脂血症大鼠体内抗氧化能力并免受自由基损伤     

Neurocysticercosis in Persons with Epilepsy in Medellín,Colombia

Summary: Purpose: A prospective series of 643 persons with epilepsy attending a reference neurologic center in Medellin, Colombia, was examined by computed tomography (CT scan) or serology or both with the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EITB) to assess the prevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis. Methods: All presenting patients were consecutively enrolled in the study. Five hundred forty-six persons underwent cerebral CT scans; 376 of them also had serum EITB performed. Results: Prevalence of neurocys@ercosis by CT scan was 13.92%. Overall prevalence of T. solium antibodies with EITB was 9.82%, but for those with late-onset epilepsy (onset after age 30 years), prevalence increased to 17.5% and 19% for those who originated from outside urban Medellin. Seroprevalence in individuals with mixed lesions (cysts and calcifications) was 88.2% and 64.10% in those with live cysts. Conversely, only 2.72% of persons with CT findings not related to neurocysticercosis had positive EITB tests. Conclusions: Our study shows that an important proportion of individuals with epilepsy have radiologic or serologic evidence of T. solium infection, suggesting that neurocysticercosis is an important etiology for epilepsy in Colombia.     

Effect of mebendazole againstEchinococcus granulosus andTaenia hydatigena cysts in naturally infected sheep and relevance to larval tapeworm infections in man

The ability of three treatment schedules of mebendazole to kill well-established hydatid cysts was studied. Pregnant sheep, naturally infected withEchinococcus granulosus and/orTaenia hydatigena, were treated daily with mebendazole at a dose rate of 50 mg/kg body weight for either five days, one month, or three months.At autopsy, seven months after the commencement of treatment, no evidence was found that the 5-day treatment schedule had any damaging effect onE. granulosus cysts. The effects of the one month treatment were equivocal. There was evidence of a damaging effect from the 3-month treatment schedule and protoscoleces were not infective to dogs. NoT. hydatigena cysts survived the 1- and 3-month treatments, but organisms from the 5-day treatment were infective to dogs.These results forE. granulosus in sheep suggest that long-term treatment with mebendazole may be required in hydatid disease in man. The results obtained forT. hydatigena in sheep are discussed in relation to the treatment of cysticercosis fromT. solium in man. Mebendazole showed no untoward effect on the sheep or their lambs.     

Evagination of Taenia solium cysticerci: a histologic and electron microscopy study

BACKGROUND: After a human being ingests a cysticercus, the larval stage of Taenia solium, the cysticercus gradually develops toward the adult parasite. In this paper, we describe the sequential progress of evagination of cysticerci. METHODS: Intact cysticerci were obtained from swine muscle, and incubated in bovine bile to stimulate evagination. Dissecting, light, and electron microscopy of whole parasites and histologic sections were used for photographic registers. RESULTS: The first event was the widening of the opening of the bladder wall for the scolex and neck to emerge. The two chambers that conform the cysticercus were identified. Histologic sections provided explanation for the conformation of the spiral canal.The scolex uncoils during evagination but does not turn inside out. CONCLUSIONS: The scolex and the neck comprise a different structure from the bladder wall, although they are contiguous.     

大孔吸附树脂对桃叶珊瑚苷分离效果的研究

目的:优选分离车前草全草中桃叶珊瑚苷的大孔树脂.方法:将车前草粗提液置大孔树脂中吸附,并以水、50%和70%乙醇分别洗脱,用紫外分光光度法测定各洗脱液中桃叶珊瑚苷含量.结果:D100、D101、D140、D141、D19和D301R 6种型号大孔树脂效果差异较大.结论:D141和D301R型大孔树脂能较好的富集桃叶珊瑚苷.     

高效液相色谱法测定飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素含量

目的 :用高效液相色谱法对苗药飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素含量进行测定。方法 :采用HypersilC₁₈柱为分析柱 ,以甲醇 水 (70∶30 )为流动相 ,检测波长 306nm。结果 :线性范围 0.00420～0.420 μg ,平均回收率 99.7% ,RSD =2.8%。结论 :本法简便、准确、重现性好 ,可用于飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素的含量测定。     

Detection of IgG in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of neurocysticercosis: evaluation of saline and SDS extracts from Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps metacestodes by ELISA and immunoblot assay

We compared saline (S) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) extracts from Taenia solium (homologous species - HO) and Taenia crassiceps (heterologous species - HE) metacestodes in order to detect IgG by ELISA and immunoblot assay (IBA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis (NC). CSF samples were obtained from 93 patients. Of these, 40 had NC, five had a diagnosis of probable NC, nine had central nervous system schistosomiasis or strongyloidiasis and 39 had other neurological alterations. Samples were analysed by ELISA and the results were compared with IBA in all samples with confirmed and probable NC diagnosis, in all samples with other central nervous system parasitic infection, and in 10 of those with another neurological alterations. ELISA sensitivity was 100%, 85%, 95% and 87.5% for the S-HO, S-HE, SDS-HO and SDS-HE extracts, respectively, and ELISA specificity was 100% for S-HO, S-HE, SDS-HO extracts and 97.9% for SDS-HE antigen. Immunodominant peptides detected by IBA were, by decreasing percentage of recognition: 64-68 and 45 kDa for S-HO; 108-114, 92-95, 64-68, 83 and 88 kDa for S-HE; 64-68, 108-114, 77 and 86 kDa for SDS-HO; and 108-114, 88 and 92-95 kDa for SDS-HE. Overall the homologous antigenic extracts showed higher sensitivity than the heterologous extracts in the diagnosis of NC in CSF samples. The heterologous extracts contained most of the immunodominant peptides presented in the homologous extracts, which are recognized by IgG antibodies in CSF samples.