镉对大鼠前列腺损伤及锌保护的超微结构与硫胺素焦磷酸酶细胞化学的研究

目的　研究镉对大鼠前列腺腹侧叶的超微结构影响及锌保护作用。　方法　小剂量氯化镉 (2 m g/ kg体重 )及锌腹腔内注射后用透射电镜观察及硫胺素焦磷酸酶 (TPPase)电镜细胞化学定量分析。　结果　镉注射后 4h,前列腺上皮主细胞出现轻微的超微结构改变 ,3～ 7d呈明显退变 ,15 d退变减轻 ,出现粗面内质网 (RER)形成的同心圆性小体 ,30～ 6 0 d基本恢复正常。镉注射后 4h,TPPase反应产物较正常组减少 ,3d和 15 d进一步减少。锌保护组较相应的单纯镉组的超微结构损伤轻 ,且 TPPase反应产物也较多。　结论　镉对大鼠前列腺腹侧叶上皮主细胞早期直接损伤较轻 ,所致 TPPase反应产物减少明显。锌对镉所致主细胞超微结构损伤及 TPPase活性降低均有保护作用     

Histochemical observations on NDPase and TPPase in cerebral tumours

Summary TPPase and NDPase were studied in 24 cerebral tumours. Gliomas show intense parenchymal staining both with IDP and TPP. Dissociated responses are observed using different divalent ions. With IDP the intensity and distribution of the reaction do not vary when Mn⁺⁺ is substituted by Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺. With TPP the staining of tumor cells is greatly reduced when Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ are used instead of Mn⁺⁺. Small structures can thus be observed in the cytoplasm, especially in areas of protoplasmic and large astrocytes, which resemble the Golgi apparatus.The significance of the findings are discussed in relation to the present knowledge of hydrolytic enzymes.Partially supported by Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (C.N.R.) Rome.     

Enzymhistochemical identification of microglial cells in the rat retina: light and electron microscopic studies

We used the method of thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) enzyme histochemistry and flat-mounted and transverse-sectioned retinas to identify microglial cells. Light microscopically, TPPase activity was demonstrated on the outer surfaces of glial cells located in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the entire retinal regions, and also on the outer surfaces of blood vessels. Electron microscopically, TPPase activity was observed on the plasma membranes of the glial cells, the endothelial cells of microvessels and the pericytes. The TPPase-positive glial cells had a dark nucleus with large clumps of chromatin beneath the nuclear envelope. These findings strongly suggest that the glial cells with TPPase activity observed in the IPL and the GCL of the rat retina were microglial cells.     

Fine Structure and Cytochemistry of the Morphogenesis of Round-Headed Human Sperm

Ejaculates and testicular biopsies of two infertile men were examined at ultrastructural and cytochemical levels. The two patients presented spermograms in which all the spermatozoa had globular heads. Wide Golgi areas and large masses of annulatae lamellae were evident during spermatogenesis. Abnormal acrosomal vesicles were evident during early spermatid stage. Among the late spermatids, there was a small group characterized by a fibrous sheath showing considerable malformation, and “spindle shaped body.” In Sertoli cells, detached acrosomes undergoing degeneration were noted. Low TPPase activity was found in Golgi complex and in abnormal acrosomal vesicles of early spermatids. As regards acid phosphatase, was localized in spermatocytes and in early spermatids, but not in late spermatids and mature spermatozoa. Leydig cells had high phosphatase activity.     

镉对大鼠附睾体部的损伤及锌的保护作用

目的 探讨镉对大鼠附睾体部的超微结构影响及其作用机理。方法 单纯小剂量氯化镉（２ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）及加锌腹腔内注射后,用透射电镜及硫胺素焦磷酸酶（ＴＰＰａｓｅ）电细胞化学定量分析。结果 镉注射后４ｈ,主细胞出现轻度超微结构损伤;２４ｈ至３ｄ进一步加重;７－１５ｄ退变最严重;３０－６０ｄ基本恢复。     

实验性慢性氟中毒大鼠垂体生长激素细胞的超微结构及酶细胞化学研究

本实验以饮用含100mg/L高氟水的方法复制了雄性大鼠实验性慢性氟中毒模型。用透射电镜观察了高氟对大鼠垂体生长激素(GH)细胞及其硫胺素焦磷酸酶(TPPase)活性的影响。结果表明:氟中毒大鼠垂体中大多数GH细胞的细胞器不如对照组发达;线粒体有破坏,基质密度增高,出现空泡或嵴减少;溶酶体增多,分泌颗粒数量增多但较小,说明GH细胞处于机能不活跃状态。电镜酶细胞化学研究结果显示氟中毒大鼠垂体GH细胞的TPPase活性受到抑制。结果提示高氟可能抑制垂体GH细胞的TPPase活性并影响其超微结构。