Tenascin-C在肾透明细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的:分析Tenascin-C（TN-C）在肾透明细胞癌中的表达及其与临床病理因素间的关系。方法:应用免疫组化方法检测肾透明细胞癌中TN-C蛋白表达情况。结果:免疫组化结果显示40.63%（39/96）的病例存在肿瘤间质TN-C蛋白的过表达,且过表达与肿瘤组织核分级负相关（P=0.022）;18.75%（18/96）的病例存在肿瘤细胞胞质TN-C蛋白的过表达,且过表达与肿瘤组织核分级、p-TNM分期正相关,分别为（P＜0.001;P=0.038）。肿瘤间质及肿瘤细胞胞质的过表达与RCCC患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小均无明显相关性。结论:肾透明细胞癌中存在TN-C蛋白肿瘤间质及肿瘤细胞的过表达,并与肿瘤分化和p-TNM分期相关。     

银杏达莫注射液联合替格瑞洛治疗非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征的临床研究

目的探讨银杏达莫注射液联合替格瑞洛治疗非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征的临床疗效。方法选取南阳市第二人民医院2016年10月—2018年4月收治的非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者96例,根据治疗方式的不同将患者分为对照组和治疗组,每组各48例。对照组口服替格瑞洛片,初次剂量为2片/次,然后1片/次,2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上滴注治疗银杏达莫注射液,20mL加入250mL生理盐水,2次/d。两组患者共治疗14d。观察两组患者临床疗效和心电图疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者心功能指标水平、症状缓解情况、血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和细胞外基质肌腱蛋白(TN-C)水平及心血管不良事件(MACCE)发生情况。结果治疗后,对照组临床疗效和心电图疗效分别为77.08%和79.17%,均分别显著低于治疗组的93.75%和95.83%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、hs-CRP和TN-C水平均显著低于治疗前(P0.05),左室射血分数(LVEF)值显著高于治疗前(P0.05),且治疗组患者上述指标水平明显好于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组每次心绞痛发作持续时间、每日心绞痛发作频率、每日硝酸甘油用量均显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组症状缓解情况明显好于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组患者MACCE发生率为4.16%,显著低于对照组的14.58%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论银杏达莫注射液联合替格瑞洛治疗非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征临床疗效显著,可有效的改善患者心功能、临床症状,降低血清hs-CRP、TN-C水平及MACCE发生率。     

血清腱糖蛋白-C、hs-CRP与急性冠脉综合症的相关性分析

目的 通过观察血清腱糖蛋白-C(TN-C)和高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)在不同类型急性冠状动脉综合征患者血中表达水平,探讨二者与不同类型冠脉综合征的相关性.方法 总共入组诊断为急性冠脉综合症的患者90例,进一步分为两组:急性心肌梗死(AMI)组(n=48),不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)组(n=42),以及另入组稳定性心绞痛60例稳定心绞痛(SAP)组,及健康体检者55例为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)、放射免疫法分别测定血清TN-C和hs-CRP水平,并在各组间进行比较.结果 AMI组和UAP组TN-C表达水平明显高于SAP组、对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);SAP组TN-C水平高于对照组但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).AMI组、UAP组和SAP组hs-CRP水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),而AMI组和UAP组hs-CRP较SAP相比差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 TN-C、hs-CRP在ACS患者血清中升高,TN-C可作为急性冠状动脉综合征斑块稳定性病变严重程度的预测因子.     

TN-C和Ki-67的表达与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征的相关性

目的 探讨TN-C和Ki-67蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其与非小细胞肺癌临床特征的相关性.方法 选择459例非小细胞肺癌患者的肿瘤组织样本,免疫组化检测组织中TN-C和Ki-67的表达,计算其阳性率,并进一步分析二者的表达与非小细胞肺癌临床病理特征的相关性.结果 (1)TN-C在不同性别、年龄、组织学类型、分化程...     

涎腺肿瘤组织TN－CmRNA和CDgmRNA的表达及其意义

目的：探讨Tenascin-C（TN－C）mRNA和CD9mRNA在涎腺肿瘤的表达及其对涎腺肿瘤鉴别诊断的价值。方法：采用原位杂交技术检测10例正常涎腺组织、25例多形性腺瘤（PA）、25例腺样囊性癌（ACC）、20例黏液表皮样癌（MEC）、10例腺泡细胞癌（ACCa）中TN-CmRNA和CD9mRNA的表达。结果：TN-CmRNA在正常涎腺组织中呈阴性表达;CD9mRNA在正常涎腺组织中的阳性率为100％;TN-CmRNA、CD9mRNA在4种涎腺肿瘤中均有表达,TN-CmRNA在多形性腺瘤中的阳性表达率显著高于腺样囊性癌和黏液表皮样癌,差异具有统计学意义,而在多形性腺瘤与腺泡细胞癌中的表达差异无统计学意义。CD9mRNA在多形性腺瘤中的阳性表达率高于腺样囊性癌,差异有统计学意义,而在多形性腺瘤和黏液表皮样癌、腺泡细胞癌中的表达差异无统计学意义;在多形性腺瘤中TN-CmRNA和CD9mRNA的表达呈正相关,在腺样囊性癌、黏液表皮样癌和腺泡细胞癌中TN—CmRNA和CD9mRNA的表达无相关性。结论：TN-CmRNA和CD9mRNA与涎腺肿瘤的发生有一定相关性,对涎腺肿瘤之间的鉴别诊断有一定意义。     

Glia–neuron interactions in the mammalian retina

The mammalian retina provides an excellent opportunity to study glia–neuron interactions and the interactions of glia with blood vessels. Three main types of glial cells are found in the mammalian retina that serve to maintain retinal homeostasis: astrocytes, Müller cells and resident microglia. Müller cells, astrocytes and microglia not only provide structural support but they are also involved in metabolism, the phagocytosis of neuronal debris, the release of certain transmitters and trophic factors and K⁺ uptake. Astrocytes are mostly located in the nerve fibre layer and they accompany the blood vessels in the inner nuclear layer. Indeed, like Müller cells, astrocytic processes cover the blood vessels forming the retinal blood barrier and they fulfil a significant role in ion homeostasis. Among other activities, microglia can be stimulated to fulfil a macrophage function, as well as to interact with other glial cells and neurons by secreting growth factors. This review summarizes the main functional relationships between retinal glial cells and neurons, presenting a general picture of the retina recently modified based on experimental observations. The preferential involvement of the distinct glia cells in terms of the activity in the retina is discussed, for example, while Müller cells may serve as progenitors of retinal neurons, astrocytes and microglia are responsible for synaptic pruning. Since different types of glia participate together in certain activities in the retina, it is imperative to explore the order of redundancy and to explore the heterogeneity among these cells. Recent studies revealed the association of glia cell heterogeneity with specific functions. Finally, the neuroprotective effects of glia on photoreceptors and ganglion cells under normal and adverse conditions will also be explored.     

Treatment with ginseng total saponins improves the neurorestoration of rat after traumatic brain injury

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, is a traditional medicinal herb that has been widely used in Asia for the treatment of many diseases through its effects of reinforcing vitality, strengthening the bodily resistance to pathogenic factors, engendering body liquids and allaying thirst, relieving uneasiness of the body and mind and benefiting intelligence, reducing body weight and prolonging life. Ginsenosides are the most important biologically active substances in ginseng. Many reports have suggested that ginsenosides could exert prominent neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects, promote neural stem/progenitor cell (NSC) proliferation and promote neurite outgrowth and neuronal network formation. The present study aimed to investigate whether treatment with ginsenosides could facilitate NSC proliferation in the hippocampal formation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and contribute to the recovery of neurological functions including learning and memory.

Materials and methods

The modified Feeney?s method was used to induce a TBI in rats. Ginseng total saponins (GTS) were treated intraperitoneally twice a day for 1 week after the TBI. The neurological functions, morphology of the hippocampus, expression of nerve growth-related factors and number of NSCs in the hippocampal formation ipsilateral to the trauma were determined.

Results

We determined 1) GTS (5–80 mg/kg) treatment after a TBI improved the recovery of neurological functions, including learning and memory, and reduced cell loss in the hippocampal area. The effects of GTS at 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg were better than the effects of GTS at 5 and 10 mg/kg. 2) GTS treatment (20 mg/kg) after a TBI increased the expression of NGF, GDNF and NCAM, inhibited the expression of Nogo-A, Nogo-B, TN-C, and increased the number of BrdU/nestin positive NSCs in the hippocampal formation.

Conclusions

GTS treatment in rats after a TBI alleviated the secondary brain injury and ameliorated the neurological functions with an effective dose limit of 5–80 mg/kg. GTS regulated the expression of nerve growth-related factors and improved the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells, which might facilitate neural regeneration and tissue repair, and might contribute to the recovery of neurological functions, including learning and memory. These effects of GTS might provide a foundation for the use of ginseng as a medicinal herb to enhance intelligence, reduce the aging process and prolong life in the traditional medicine.