奥美沙坦通过减低整合素β5的表达促进心肌肥大的消退

目的研究整合素β5和心肌肥大的关系,比较新型血管紧张素Ⅱ-Ⅰ型受体拮抗剂(ARB)奥美沙坦和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)替莫普利对心肌肥大的作用.方法雄性脑卒中易感型自发性高血压大鼠(SHRSP)33只,5周龄雄性京都种Wistar(WKY)大鼠11只,随机分为SHRSP空白组,SHRSP的奥美沙坦给药组(10 mg·kg-1·d-1),SHRSP的替莫普利给药组(10 mg·kg-1·d-1),WKY作为对照组.给药6周后,取出心脏称重,制作标本进行病理学检查,检测血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体(AT1)以及整合素β5的表达量.结果奥美沙坦和替莫普利的使用使SHRSP的收缩压降低,但奥美沙坦比替莫普利的促心肌肥大消退作用更显著.半定量RT-PCR测定表明,SHRSP的AT1和整合素β5的表达量明显高于WKY,奥美沙坦和替莫普利的使用降低了两者的表达量,奥美沙坦的作用更显著.AT1和整合素β5的表达成正相关关系.结论奥美沙坦在抑制心肌细胞肥大和降低AT1、整合素β5的表达量方面比替莫普利有更多获益.整合素β5的表达受抑参与了心肌肥大的消退.整合素β5在心肌细胞的表达可能受到血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)通过AT1受体的调节.     

A Competent and Commercially Viable Process for the Synthesis of the Anti-Hypertensive Drug Olmesartan Medoxomil

Drug product purity and potency are of most significance in the regulatory market as we notice many recalled batches worldwide, particularly in the US and Japan. Olmesartan Medoxomil is an anti-hypertensive drug. The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Olmesartan Medoxomil with 99.9% purity in an overall 62% yield. The synthesis includes three isolations and one purification with easy plant operations. This process describes the formation and control of each individual impurity in all stages. This process for Olmesartan Medoxomil and its intermediates is competent for industrial production in very short reaction time intervals with an appreciable yield and high purity.     

奥美沙坦对大鼠树突细胞抗原递呈功能作用的研究

目的:探讨奥美沙坦对大鼠树突细胞（dendritic cells,DCs）抗原递呈功能的影响。方法:取雌性Lewis大鼠髓源DCs,加入奥美沙坦（终浓度10 μmol/L）和等体积的DMSO,分别记为奥美沙坦修饰的DCs（olmesartan modified dendritic cells,OLM-DCs）和未经奥美沙坦修饰的DCs（control DCs,Con-DCs）。使用流式细胞仪分别测定DCs表面CD80、CD86和MHC Ⅱ平均荧光强度（mean fluorescence intensity, MFI）及DCs中IL-10和TGF-β的表达。OLM-DCs和Con-DCs分别与卵白蛋白（OVA）致敏的淋巴结CD4 + T细胞共培养,流式细胞仪检测T淋巴细胞增殖,ELISA检测细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ、IL-10水平。 结果:奥美沙坦抑制了DCs表面MHC Ⅱ分子的表达,促进了IL-10的产生。与Con-DCs组比较,OLM-DCs抑制了T淋巴细胞增殖反应和IFN-γ的产生。结论:在体外,奥美沙坦能够诱导产生耐受性DCs,后者能够抑制T淋巴细胞增殖、抑制Th1细胞因子的水平。     

Five cases of sprue-like enteropathy in patients treated by olmesartan

We describe five cases of sprue-like enteropathy during treatment with olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment of hypertension. Patients presented severe diarrhoea, significant weight loss or dehydration, with or without intestinal villous atrophy. Clinical signs ceased upon drug discontinuation in all cases; olmesartan was reintroduced in two cases and rechallenge was positive in both. These add to the previously reported cases that led to a label change for olmesartan in the United States. However, all cases were observed in a small gastroenterology unit, which suggests that this adverse effect may not be rare. A preliminary search for the other angiotensin II receptor antagonists in the French pharmacovigilance system found severe diarrhoea and colitis, but no case with villous atrophy. Therefore, in the presence of severe diarrhoea, olmesartan or other angiotensin II receptor antagonists should be discontinued, even if the treatment has been taken for several months or years.     

奥美沙坦酯片联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗老年高血压的临床效果观察

目的 观察奥美沙坦酯片联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗高血压的临床疗效.方法 将2011年7月-2013年7月收治的老年高血压患者116例随机分为研究组及对照组各58例.研究组给予奥美沙坦酯片联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗,对照组给予单纯苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗.治疗后比较2组临床疗效,血压值及不良反应发生情况.结果 研究组总有效率为94.8%高于对照组的82.8%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗后研究组收缩压、舒张压均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.116例患者服药后出现不良反应3例,发生率为2.58%,主要表现为轻微头痛,患者可耐受,不影响治疗.结论 奥美沙坦酯片联合苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗高血压的临床疗效优于单纯苯磺酸氨氯地平治疗,且不良反应少,值得临床推广应用.     

Clinical effects of combined olmesartan medoxomil and amlodipine on clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in elderly patients with resistant hypertension

Elderly patients with resistant hypertension are at increased risk for cardiovascular events. Clinical trials suggest that resistant hypertension involves perhaps 10–15% of hypertension study participants. In this study, 157 resistant hypertension patients older than 60 years were randomized to 8 weeks double-blind treatment with placebo, AML 10 mg/day, OM 40 mg/day and AM × L (10 mg/day) + OM (40 mg/day). Research outcomes suggested that ALM + OM combination therapy had superior efficacy than ALM or OM monotherapies in terms of the clinic blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure. In addition, more patients receiving combination therapy (62.5%) achieved BP goal than those treated with placebo (18.4%), AML (37.5) or OM (38.5%) monotherapies. The adverse events in both groups were comparable. Thus, the combination of AML + OM provides a safe and effective option for the treatment of resistant hypertension in challenging elderly patient populations.     

奥美沙坦酯氢氯噻嗪片治疗原发性高血压患者的临床有效性及安全性分析

目的 观察原发性高血压患者应用奥美沙坦酯氢氯噻嗪片治疗的效果及安全性.方法 80例原发性高血压患者,依据用药方案不同分为对照组和观察组,每组40例.对照组患者应用氯沙坦钾片进行治疗,观察组患者应用奥美沙坦酯氢氯噻嗪片进行治疗.对比两组患者的舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)、临床疗效、血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)...     

奥美沙坦酯和氨氯地平联合治疗原发性高血压的研究

目的:观察奥美沙坦酯和氨氯地平联合治疗控制血压的疗效和安全性。方法:70例2、3级高血压病患者随机接受奥美沙坦酯20 mg与氨氯地平5 mg联合治疗或缬沙坦80 mg与氨氯地平5 mg联合治疗,1次/d,总疗程8周。结果:奥美沙坦酯组和缬沙坦组治疗后血压下降幅度分别为(24.5±9.5/16.0±6.8)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)和(24.3±9.2/15.7±6.6)mm Hg,2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。奥美沙坦酯与氨氯地平和缬沙坦与氨氯地平联合治疗组降压总有效率分别为91.4%和88.6%,2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:2、3级高血压病治疗,奥美沙坦酯与氨氯地平和缬沙坦与氨氯地平联合治疗疗效和不良反应均类似。     

新工艺合成奥美沙坦酯原料药的有关物质及含量测定

目的:建立RP-HPLC法测定奥美沙坦酯原料药含量及其有关物质的方法。方法 :色谱柱为WelchromC8柱(4.6*150,5um),以乙腈-磷酸缓冲盐溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0ml/min,柱温25℃,检测波长256nm。结果:确定了奥美沙坦酯合成中引入的6个杂质以及奥美沙坦酯的峰位置,主峰能与相邻杂质峰较好的分离。杂质含量均小于0.1%。结论:采用反相高效液相色谱方法简准确、快捷,可有效的控制奥美沙坦酯中的有关物质。     

Of Steeplejacks and Bureaucrats

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