TLR9在不同胎龄新生儿脐血中的表达变化

目的 通过观察早产儿不同胎龄Toll样受体9（TLR9）的表达，探讨早产儿免疫功能低下的机制。方法 采集2010年7月至2014年6月在上海市嘉定区妇幼保健院产科出生的活产新生儿的脐血229份，按胎龄分为4组，28~31周组，31~34周组，34~37周组，≥37周组，采用流式细胞术和实时荧光定量PCR方法，分别检测其TLR9的蛋白和mRNA表达情况，了解其与胎龄之间的关系，并分析mRNA和蛋白表达间的相关性。结果 TLR9阳性细胞率在28~31周组，31~34周组，34~37周组，≥37周组分别为（15.93±6.23）%，（11.63±6.70）%，（13.66±6.88）%，（20.51±12.06）%；其在胎龄28~31周较高，至31~34周逐渐下降至最低，两组差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；34~37周后TLR9阳性细胞率表达逐渐升高，至≥37周达最高，两胎龄组比较，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。31~37周间新生儿脐血TLR9阳性细胞率与胎龄呈正相关（r=0.273，P=0.006）。TLR9 mRNA表达在28~31周组，31~34周组，34~37周组，≥37周组分别为（4.95±3.44）%，（8.89±8.49）%，（13.91±10.92）%，（7.19±7.11）%；其在28~36周逐渐升高，与胎龄呈正相关（r=0.355，P< 0.001）。≥37周TLR9 mRNA表达量下降，该值虽高于28~31周，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。相关性分析表明，同胎龄时期同样本新生儿的TLR9 mRNA和TLR9阳性细胞率之间存在负相关（r=-0.227，P=0.011）。结论 TLR9阳性细胞率和TLR9 mRNA表达在不同胎龄组新生儿间有差异，TLR9阳性细胞率表达在31~37周间随着胎龄的增加而增加，TLR9 mRNA在28~36周间随着胎龄的增加而增加。     

新生儿窒息后血糖,血气,心肌酶活性测定及其相关因素分析

目的：探讨新生儿窒息后血糖，血气，心肌酶（谷草转氨酶，磷酸肌酸激酶及乳酸氢酶）的变化及其相关性。方法；血糖采用微量血糖仪测定，血气用足跟动脉化毛细血管法，心肌酶采用酶偶联连续监测，相关分析采用多元线性回归法。结果：低血糖８例，高血糖３例；３６例均存在着不同程度的低氧血症和混合性酸中毒；２２例心肌酶活性增高。血糖值与日龄呈负相关，与体温呈正相关，心肌酶活性男性高于女性，各酶之间有一定的相关性，但并非     

Population kinetics of gentamicin in neonates

A population kinetic analysis was carried out on sparse plasma gentamicin (GE) concentration data from 469 neonates obtained as part of a routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) programme in the hospital neonatology unit.The best predictors of the kinetic parameters of the monoexponential model, volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL), were the weight (WT) and gestational age (GA). Vd of the neonates was only related to WT, whereas the half-life was only related to the GA.     

血清睾酮与妊高征发病相关性研究

目的:测定妊高征患者血清睾酮水平并探讨其临床意义。方法:采用放射免疫分析法测定妊高征患者30例、正常孕妇20例血清及其新生儿脐血睾酮水平。结果:妊高征患者血清睾酮水平(0.153±0.078nmol/L)明显高于正常孕妇组(0.023±0.015nmol/L),有显著性差异(P<0.001)。妊高征组脐血睾酮水平(0.052±0.041nmol/L)低于正常孕妇组(0.119±0.059nmol/L),有显著性差异(P<0.05),两组睾酮水平与新生儿性别无关(P>0.05)。结论:孕妇血清睾酮在妊高征的病理生理中起调节或加强作用。     

THE NEONATAL EVOKED HEART RATE RESPONSE AND THE LAW OF INITIAL VALUE

Two-second long square wave tones at frequencies of 125 and 1000 Hz and 75 db sound pressure were presented to six newborn infants. Mean heart rates were computed for the 10 sec prior to and the 10 sec following stimulus onset, i.e. the prestimulus and stimulus heart rate values respectively. LIV was shown to operate strongly only in the case of the 125 Hz stimulus. Even for this stimulus, LIV depended upon the state of the infant, showing an appropriate negative correlation between prestimulus and stimulus values in regular sleep and quiet wakefulness but a slightly positive correlation in irregular sleep. In randomly selected control periods, the first 5 sec served as prestimulus values and the second 5 sec as stimulus values. Regression coefficients for these control periods did not differ significantly from those during which the stimulus was actually present. In view of the special conditions required for its demonstration, the generality of Wilder's “law” seems to be seriously questioned.     

An Attempt to Elk it Cardiac Orienting and Defense Responses in the Newborn to Two Types of Facial Stimulation

Cardiac and behavioral reactivity of the human newborn to facial stimulation eliciting approach and escape responses were compared in order to test the distinction between cardiac orienting and defensive reactions. Each infant received 8 trials each of check stimulation (stroking near the mouth) and ear stimulation (pinch on the ear lobe). HR response to both tactile stimuli were accelerations of different amplitude when motor responses were also present. When no overt behavioral response was observed, stroking on the check elicited cardiac deceleration while ear stimulation again elicited acceleration. Thus, cardiac orienting was demonstrated in newborns when a rooting stimulus was presented that did not elicit overt head turning. The HR response to ear stimulation on trials unaccompanied by observed movements was a larger acceleration than to cheek stimulation when movement was present. This finding suggests that movement itself does not produce the observed HR increase, but rather that central processing of the signal value of the stimulus determines both overt and cardiac responding.     

新生儿败血症休克预测模型的构建——1 695例患儿回顾性研究

目的 筛选新生儿发生败血症休克的危险因素,建立新生儿败血症休克临床预测模型。方法 选取2016年1月1日—2019年12月31日重庆医科大学7家附属医疗机构中患有败血症的新生儿,根据是否发生败血症休克分为研究组和对照组。采用单因素分析、LASSO和logistic回归分析筛选危险因素。采用logistic、极端梯度提升（XGBoost）、随机森林（RF）、分类回归树（CART）和人工神经网络（ANN）建立新生儿败血症休克预测模型,根据灵敏度、特异度、曲线下面积等指标评估模型性能。结果 本研究中,共有339名败血症新生儿发生败血症休克,1 356名败血症新生儿未发生败血症休克。单因素分析筛选出31项差异指标,多因素分析筛选出12项独立危险因素。测试集中,logistic、XGBoost、RF、CART、ANN模型的曲线下面积分别为0.856 (0.809～0.903),0.861 (0.819～0.904),0.880 (0.838～0.922),0.835 (0.790～0.881),0.808 (0.756～0.860)。结论 本文构建的五种预测模型相对稳定,其中,RF模型的预测性能最佳,能为新生儿败血症休克提供较好的预测。     

新生儿临床护理带教的问题及应对建议分析

目的探讨新生儿临床护理带教的问题及应对建议。方法选取2019级临床护理专业1班、2班各50名护生为研究对象,对照组实施教学,就常规教学中存在的问题进行分析改进,实验组实施改进后带教方法,评价两组护生学习成绩,及其对带教的认同度。结果实验组护生学习成绩显著优于对照组(P<0.05),且实验组护生对带教方法评价显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在新生儿临床护理带教中存在的问题主要为理论教学应用不够,实践体系建设不完善,为此应该改善传统教学形式,转变教学思维,从而提高临床护理带教能力。     

Vertebral level of the ending of the spinal cord and its relationship to the length of the vertebral column in Northern Turkish neonates

Summary Racial and sex differences in the level of ending of the spinal cord of the adult have been reported. It is lower in Africans and in females. Since such differences may affect even fetuses and newborns we aimed to study in Northern Turkish neonates. The study was made on 40 full-term newborn still-births (23 male, 17 female). In all cases, the length of the vertebral column, the length of the spinal cord and the body weight were measured and the vertebral level of ending of the spinal cord was noted. It was found that the termination of the spinal cord varied from the first lumbar to the second sacral vertebra, with a mean level between L2 and L3. In female neonates, it was observed that the spinal cord ended at a slightly lower level (0.2 vertebra) than in males. Our findings approximately agreed with those of Barson [2] who studied neonates in England and of Jit and Charnalia [5] in North India. However, we found that the spinal cord ended one and half vertebrae lower in Northern Turkish neonates than in South African and South Indian subjects. The correlations between body-weight and length of the spinal cord, weight and length of the vertebral column, length of the spinal cord and length of vertebral column, length of the vertebral column and level of ending of the cord were statistically highly significant for males, females and both sexes together (p<0.001). The longer the vertebral column, the higher the termination of the spinal cord.

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Niveau vertébral de la terminaison de la moelle épinière et sa relation avec la longueur de la colonne vertébrale chez le nouveau-né en Turquie du Nord

Résumé Selon la race et le sexe, les différences de niveau de la terminaison de la moelle épinière ont été rapportées chez l'adulte. Elle est plus basse chez les Africains et chez les femmes. Dès lors il se peut qu'il existe déjà des différences raciales et selon le sexe, chez le foetus et le nouveau-né. Nous nous proposons d'étudier une population de nouveau-nés du Nord de la Turquie. Cette étude est faite à partir de 40 nouveau-nés à terme, décèdes (23 garçons et 17 filles). Chez tous ces nouveau-nés, la longueur de la colonne vertébrale, la longueur de la moelle épinière et le poids ont été mesurés. Le niveau vertébral de la terminaison de la moelle épinière variait entre la première vertèbre lombaire et la deuxième vertèbre sacrée. Le niveau moyen de cette terminaison était situé entre L2 et L3. Chez les filles nouveau-nés, il était observé que la moelle épinière se terminait légèrement plus bas (0,2 vertèbre) que chez les garçons nouveaunés. Nos observations rejoignent celles de Barson [2] qui étudia des nouveaunés d'Angleterre et celles de Jit et Charnalia [5] qui étudièrent des nouveau-nés du Nord de l'Inde. Cependant, nous avons trouvé que la moelle épinière se terminait une vertèbre et demie plus bas chez les nouveau-nés de la Turquie du Nord que chez les nouveau-nés d'Afrique du Sud et d'Inde du Sud. La corrélation entre le poids des spécimens et la longueur de la moelle épinière; le poids et la longueur de la colonne vertébrale, la longueur de la moelle épinière et la longueur de la colonne vertébrale, la longueur de la colonne vertébrale et le niveau vertébral de la terminaison de la moelle épinière parmi les garçons, les filles, et dans les deux sexes, étaient statistiquement très significatifs (p<0.001). Plus la colonne vertébrale était longue, plus haute était située la terminaison de la moelle épinière.

     

新生儿脐血中甲状腺激素综合测定的临床意义

目的　 探讨沂蒙山区新生儿血液中甲状腺激素的水平和碘缺乏状态 ,为消灭新生儿碘缺乏症提供依据。方法　 利用放射免疫 (或免疫放射 )分析方法 ,对沂蒙山区 2 0 0 0例新生儿脐血中TT3、TT4 、FT3、FT4 、rT3、TSH进行综合检测。结果　 男女两性新生儿脐血中的甲状腺激素和促甲状腺激素无显著性差异 ;山区居民新生儿脐血中TT3、TT4 、FT3、FT4 、rT3 值均低于城镇居民新生儿 ,TSH值高于城镇居民新生儿 ,山区与城镇居民新生儿脐血中的TT3、TT4 之间存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5) ;有 6例 ( 0 .30 % )新生儿存在缺碘状况。结论　 检测新生儿脐血中TT4 、FT4 、TSH ,是判断新生儿是否存在碘缺乏的重要依据。