Outcomes of Donation After Circulatory Death Heart Transplantation in Australia

Background

Transplantation of hearts retrieved from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors is an evolving clinical practice.

肾盂尿路上皮癌患者尿 NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9的检测与评估

目的探讨尿液核基质蛋白22(nuclear matrix protein 22,NMP22)、组织多肽特异性抗原(tissue polypeptide-specific antigen,TPS)、CYFRA21-1、糖链蛋白19-9(carbohydrate antigen 19-9,CA19-9)对肾盂尿路上皮癌的诊断价值.方法回顾性分析山西省肿瘤医院2010年1月至2015年12月检测的至少两种上述尿液肿瘤标志物的患者资料,共218人次,包括肾盂尿路上皮癌63例(A 组)、膀胱尿路上皮癌46例(B 组)、非尿路上皮肿瘤的泌尿系其他疾病62例(C 组)、A组行根治术后2年未复发47例(D 组),另有健康志愿者20例(E 组).比较各组尿 NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9表达水平,并绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线,计算 ROC 曲线下面积.结果 A 组 NMP22水平高于 B 组,差异有统计学意义(P ＝0．001). A 组与 B 组的 TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9水平差异无统计学意义(P ＞0．05).A 组和 B 组的 TPS、NMP22、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9水平均高于 C 组、D 组、E 组,差异有统计学意义(P ＜0?05).C 组、D组及 E 组的 NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9水平差异无统计学意义(P ＞0．05). A 组中NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9水平在不同病理分级、临床分期、肿瘤大小、是否肾积水等的差异无统计学意义(P ＞0．05).A 组 NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9的诊断准确率高于尿脱落细胞学检查,差异有统计学意义(P ＜0．05).四种肿瘤标志物的 ROC 曲线下面积为0．7~0．9,诊断效能中等,最高者为 NMP22与 CYFRA21-1的组合,为0．884.结论尿液 NMP22、TPS、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9对肾盂尿路上皮癌的诊断有帮助,诊断效能中等,但它们对肾盂癌肿瘤分期和病理分级的预测、术后监测、预后判断等方面的作用有待进一步研究.     

Sustained Release of Minocycline From Minocycline-Calcium-Dextran Sulfate Complex Microparticles for Periodontitis Treatment

It is important to address the periodontitis-associated bacteria in the residual subgingival plaque after scaling and root planing to successfully treat periodontitis. In this study, we explored the possibility of exploiting the ion pairing/complexation of minocycline, Ca²⁺, and sulfate/sulfonate-bearing biopolymers to develop an intrapocket delivery system of minocycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planing. Minocycline-calcium-dextran sulfate complex microparticles were synthesized from minocycline, CaCl₂, and dextran sulfate. They were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. An in vitro release study was conducted to evaluate the release kinetics of minocycline from these microparticles. Agar disk diffusion assays and biofilm-grown bacteria assays were used to assess antibacterial capability. High loading efficiency (96.98% ± 0.12%) and high loading content (44.69% ± 0.03%) for minocycline were observed for these complex microparticles. Mino-Ca-DS microparticles achieved sustained release of minocycline for at least 9 days at pH 7.4 and 18 days at pH 6.4 in phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. They also demonstrated potent antimicrobial effects against Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in agar disk diffusion and biofilm assays. These results suggested that the ion pairing/complexation of minocycline, Ca²⁺, and sulfonate/sulfate-bearing biopolymers can be exploited to develop complex microparticles as local delivery systems for periodontitis treatment.     

Comparative study of NMP‐preloaded and dip‐loaded membranes for guided bone regeneration of rabbit cranial defects

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has been utilized for several decades for the healing of cranio‐maxillofacial bone defects and, particularly in the dental field, by creating space with a barrier membrane to exclude soft tissue and encourage bone growth in the membrane‐protected volume. Although the first membranes were non‐resorbable, a new generation of GBR membranes aims to biodegrade and provide bioactivity for better overall results. The Inion GTR? poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) membrane is not only resorbable but also bioactive, since it includes N‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP), which has been shown to promote bone regeneration. In this study, the effects of loading different amounts of NMP onto the membrane through chemical vapour deposition or dipping have been explored. In vitro release demonstrated that lower levels of NMP led to lower NMP concentrations and slower release, based on total NMP loaded in the membrane. The dipped membrane released almost all of the NMP within 15 min, leading to a high NMP concentration. For the in vivo studies in rabbits, 6 mm calvarial defects were created and left untreated or covered with an ePTFE membrane or PLGA membranes dipped in, or preloaded with, NMP. Evaluation of the bony regeneration revealed that the barrier membranes improved bony healing and that a decrease in NMP content improved the performance. Overall, we have demonstrated the potential of these PLGA membranes with a more favourable NMP release profile and the significance of exploring the effect of NMP on these PLGA membranes with regard to bone ingrowth. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

网络管理软件在医院中的应用

本文介绍了网络管理的概念,网络安全、网络管理协议,以及网络管理软件在医院日常网络管理中的应用。     

尿NMP22检测对尿路上皮细胞癌的临床意义评价

目的 :评估尿样中 NMP2 2检测对尿路上皮细胞癌的临床应用价值。方法 :应用双抗体夹心 EL ISA法检测尿路上皮移行细胞癌 40例 ,前列腺癌 10例 ,泌尿系良性疾病 15例 ,健康对照15例 ,尿样中 NMP2 2水平 ,并对 9例临床难以确诊的膀胱癌可疑者尿样进行 NMP2 2浓度检测。结果 :尿路上皮移行细胞癌组尿样中 NMP2 2平均水平均分别显著高于其它三组的 NMP2 2平均水平(P<0 .0 1) ,6例临床可疑为膀胱癌患者 ,检出 4例 NMP2 2超标与病理诊断符合比达 4/ 4;13例尿路上皮细胞癌患者术后 3月～ 4月复查 NMP2 2 ,结果较术前明显降低 ,尿路上皮细胞癌初发病例NMP2 2水平显著高于复发病例 NMP2 2水平 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :尿样 NMP2 2作为尿路上皮细胞癌的辅助诊断指标 ,具有较高的特异性和敏感性。还可作为临床上隐匿型膀胱癌的有效筛选瘤标     

Comparison of the nuclear matrix protein 22 with voided urine cytology in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Several urinary markers for transitional cell carcinoma have been investigated, including urine cytology, bladder tumor antigen, autocrine motility factor receptor and fibrin degradation products. Unfortunately, they have poor overall sensitivity. The United States Food and Drug Administration have recently approved nuclear matrix protein (NMP 22) for the detection of occult or rapidly recurring disease after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. The objective of the current study was to assess the sensitivity of NMP 22 for the detection of bladder carcinoma, as well as to correlate the NMP 22 values with multiplicity of tumor, tumor size, configuration, stage and grade respectively. A total of 78 patients (38 with bladder cancer) provided a urine sample which was divided into appropriate aliquots for each of urine cytology and NMP 22. Comparative results demonstrate a clear superiority of NMP 22 in bladder cancer detection (52.6% vs 31.6% sensitivity), while specificity was in favor of urine cytology (100% vs 82.5%). For superficial tumors, sensitivity was 78.5% for NMP 22 and 41.6% for cytology and for invasive cancers, sensitivity was 90% for NMP 22 and 60% for cytology. Urinary NMP 22 levels were significantly correlated with tumor grade and were significantly higher in large tumors than small tumors. NMP 22 test results showed sufficient sensitivity in comparison with urine cytology for the detection of transitional cell carcinoma. However, we do not think that it is a useful tool as a substitute for endoscopic examination for the detection and surveillance in bladder cancer.     

Usefulness of urinary NMP22 to detect tumor recurrence of superficial bladder cancer after transurethral resection

Background In a prospective study we compared the usefulness of urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) with that of urine cytology and other urinary markers in the monitoring of superficial bladder cancer after transurethral resection (TURBT).Methods The subjects were 156 patients, comprising 99 patients with superficial bladder cancer in whom TURBT was planned (untreated group) and 57 patients without tumors in the bladder who had been followed up after TURBT (follow-up group).Results Among the 156 patients, who were monitored for 11–26 months (median, 21 months), recurrence was observed in 51 patients (33.0%). At the time of recurrence, the sensitivities of NMP22, basic fetoprotein (BFP), and bladder tumor antigen (BTA) tests, and urine cytology were 18.6%, 23.3%, 9.3%, and 7.0%, respectively. The factors affecting the sensitivity of NMP22 were tumor size and urinary WBC. The size of recurrent tumors was significantly smaller (P 0.05) than that of the initial tumors. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves calculated from the data of patients with recurrence, the ideal cutoff values at recurrence were recommended to be 5.0U/ml for NMP22 and 6.0ng/ml for BFP. Using these cutoff values, the sensitivities of NMP22 and BFP were 48.8% and 44.2%, respectively.Conclusions Because the size of recurrent bladder tumors is usually smaller than that of the initial tumors, the cutoff values of urinary markers should be reduced to detect these tumors. We recommend 5.0U/ml as a cutoff value of NMP22 for detection of recurrence of bladder tumor.