解脲支原体、人型肢原体感染与胚胎停止发育的关系

研究解脲支原体、人型支原感染与胚胎停止发育的关系。方法：采用珠海银科生物技术应用研究所生产的支原体药敏试剂盒,检测胚胎停止发育患者54例（观察组）和54例早孕人工流产妇女（对照组）宫颈分泌物支原体及其药物敏感试验,结果：观察组解脲支原体培养（UUc）、人型支原体培养（MHc）阳性率明显高于对照组,差异有显著性（P＜0．01）;胚胎停止发育次数与UUc,MHc阳性两者有正相关关系,胚胎停止发育次数愈多,UUc,MHc阳性率愈高,观察组中UUc,MHc阳性组与阴性组宫内感染率比较有极其显著的差异（P＜0．01）,结论：UU,MH感染是引起胚胎停止发育的原因之一。     

Morgagni hernia with respiratory failure aggravated by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation: A case report and overview of the literature

An elderly woman diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) in 2007 had improved with chemotherapy. She had severe kyphosis and a diaphragmatic hernia (DH), but no respiratory symptoms. In 2011, because of thoracic deformity and emaciation, we advised her to continue the previously prescribed domiciliary noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) therapy for chronic type II respiratory failure. However, she refused to continue NPPV. She was later admitted for deterioration in respiratory status and carbon dioxide (CO₂) narcosis. We believed her low adherence to domiciliary NPPV caused CO₂ narcosis; hence, we advised her to continue domiciliary NPPV and she complied. In May 2012, the now 79-year-old patient was admitted for acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure and CO₂ narcosis. Chest imaging suggested that DH had caused a deterioration of her status. She underwent laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair. Operative findings revealed a retrosternal hernia sac, and she was diagnosed as having a Morgagni hernia (MH). Her respiratory status subsequently improved. We hypothesize that NPPV increased intra-abdominal pressure, thereby worsening the MH and exacerbating respiratory failure. We believe that clinicians should be cautious when prescribing NPPV for MH patients.     

The specific contributions of force and velocity to muscle power in older adults

The purpose of this study is to examine the relative importance of the force-based and velocity-based measures of muscle performance to explain inter-individual differences in power production capability and functional task performance. Participants included seventy-nine men and women: middle-aged healthy adults (MH: 40-55years), older healthy adults (OH: 70-85years), and older adults with mobility limitations (OML: 70-85years). Muscle power at 180°/s, isometric maximal torque, and maximal contraction velocity at 40% 1RM were measured during unilateral leg extension. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was used to differentiate between healthy and mobility limited older adults. Functional task performance was assessed using multiple chair rise and stair climb tests. Leg extensor force (torque), but not maximal contraction velocity, was significantly associated with muscle power in MH. Both torque and velocity were significantly associated with muscle power in OH. Maximal velocity, but not torque, was associated with power in OML. Maximal velocity demonstrated an association with multiple chair rise time and stair climb time in OML, but not MH or OH. It is concluded that movement velocity is an increasingly important determinant of maximal power output with advancing age. Furthermore, movement velocity is also a critical component of functional task performance with aging and may contribute to functional deficits. These findings help to explain why the rate-dependent variable power has emerged as a critical component of both assessment and rehabilitation of muscular performance and physical function in older adults.     

Hydrogen Gas Phase and Electrochemical Hydriding of LaNi5−xMx (M = Sn,Co, Al) Alloys

Hydriding/dehydriding properties of a series of LaNi₅ based alloys were compared by applying both hydrogen gas phase and electrochemical hydrogen charge/discharge methods. The highest hydrogen absorption capacity of 1.4 wt.% H₂ was found for LaNi_4.3Co_0.4Al_0.3, although LaNi_4.8Sn_0.2 also reveals comparable hydrogen capacity (>1.3%). A significant difference in the hydriding kinetics was observed for all studied alloys before and after activation. The activated alloys (5 cycles at 65 °C, 40 atm. H₂) reach their maximum capacities after less than a minute, whereas the pure LaNi₅ alloy needs several minutes for complete hydriding. The electrochemical hydriding/dehydriding behavior of the alloys reveals superior performance of LaNi_4.3Co_0.4Al_0.3 and LaNi_4.8Sn_0.2 compared to the other compositions studied, as the capacity of LaNi_4.8Sn_0.2 decreases by only 10% for 60 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g. Good agreement between the hydrogen sorption kinetics of the alloys obtained electrochemically and from hydrogen gas phase has also been observed.     

Variable Significance of Brain MRI Findings in Infective Endocarditis and Its Effect on Surgical Decisions

ObjectiveTo determine how brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings impact clinical outcomes in patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and to propose a management algorithm for patients with neurologic symptoms who are candidates for valve surgery (VS).Patients and MethodsData from our center were retrospectively reviewed for patients hospitalized with IE between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2014. Outcomes were postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 6-month mortality, and functional outcome at last follow-up as described by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Good outcome was defined as an mRS score of 2 or less.ResultsA total of 361 patients with IE were identified, including 127 patients (35%) who had MRI. One hundred twenty-six of 361 patients (35%) had neurologic symptoms, which prompted MRI in 79 of 127 patients (62%); 74 of 79 (94%) had acute or subacute MRI abnormalities. One patient with subarachnoid and multifocal ICH on MRI developed postoperative ICH. Patients with VS despite MRI abnormalities had lower 6-month mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.48; P<.001) and better functional outcome (OR, 4.43; 95% CI, 1.51-13.00; P=.005). Irrespective of VS, lobar or posterior fossa ICH on MRI was associated with 6-month mortality (OR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.22-10.50; P=.02) and territorial ischemic stroke was inversely associated with good mRS (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13-0.66; P=.002). In neurologically asymptomatic patients who had VS, MRI findings did not impact 6-month mortality or functional outcomes.ConclusionMagnetic resonance imaging detects a large number of abnormalities in patients with IE. Preoperative lobar hematoma and large territorial stroke determine outcome irrespective of VS. When indicated, VS increases the odds of a good outcome despite MRI abnormalities.     

Crystallization of Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate During Lyophilization

The purpose of this study was to investigate the phase behavior of cyclophosphamide (CPA) during various stages of lyophilization, with special emphasis on obtaining crystalline CPA monohydrate (CPA-MH) in the lyophilized product. Subambient differential scanning calorimetry and low-temperature X-ray diffractometry (LTXRD) were used to study the phase behavior of CPA solution (3.7% w/v). In situ lyophilization in LTXRD chamber was used to monitor the phase transitions occurring during the drying stages. Finally, the implications of these findings were confirmed by freeze-drying the aqueous solution in a laboratory-scale freeze-dryer. The results suggested that CPA remains amorphous during freeze concentration, with a T_g' of ?50°C. However, its crystallization as CPA-MH can be induced by annealing the frozen solution between ?5°C and ?10°C. In situ lyophilization in LTXRD showed that the CPA-MH crystallized during annealing, rapidly dehydrated during primary drying, thereby causing structural collapse. The dehydration of CPA-MH can be prevented by lowering the escaping tendency of water molecules from the crystal lattice of CPA-MH by maintaining the chamber pressure to 300, 400, or 500 mTorr. This study highlights the relationship of process parameters used during lyophilization with the solid form of lyophilized CPA.     

汕头地区泌尿生殖道感染解脲脲支原体和人支原体检测情况及耐药性分析

目的：探讨汕头地区泌尿生殖道解脲脲支原体（Uu）和人支原体（Mh）感染情况及耐药情况。方法随机抽取855例泌尿生殖道感染病例,采用药敏试剂盒进行 Mh、Uu 培养、鉴定,并与9种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,分析其耐药情况。结果855例病例标本中,检测出 Uu 阳性307例（35．9％）,Mh 阳性15例（1．8％）,Mh 与 Uu 混合阳性76例（8．9％）。Uu 与 Mh 药敏率较高的是普那霉素、交沙霉素、多西环素和四环素等抗生素,耐药率较高的抗生素是环丙沙星、氧氟沙星等。结论汕头地区泌尿生殖道 Uu 和 Mh 病原体感染率较高,并且对多种抗生素耐药,临床用药时应根据药敏试验结果合理选择。     

1 203例泌尿生殖道衣原体和支原体感染检测及药敏分析

目的回顾本地区泌尿生殖道患者感染沙眼衣原体(CT)和解脲脲原体(Uu)、人型支原体(MH)的分布状况;了解支原体对12种抗生素体外药物敏感试验的现状。方法对1203例泌尿生殖道感染患者标本进行沙眼衣原体(CT)检测、支原体(Uu、MH)培养及药敏试验。结果1203例检测标本中,CT、Uu、MH三种病原体,总感染率为61.9%(745例),男性44.3%(221例),女性70.9%(524例)。其中CT总检出率13.7%(165例);单纯Uu感染女性(46.4%)大于男性(28.1%),Uu MH混合感染女性(12.55%)大于男性(2.4%),两者均有显著性差异。Uu对强力霉素、美满霉素、交沙霉素、环脂红霉素、克拉霉素敏感率大于90%,而对喹诺酮类的敏感率均小于50%;Uu MH混合感染对罗红霉素、红霉素、环丙沙星100%不敏感,其对药物的敏感性比单纯Uu感染存在差异。结论泌尿生殖道感染以Uu为主,其次为CT及Uu MH混合感染,女性感染率比男性高。Uu、Uu MH对抗生素的敏感性不同。对泌尿生殖道感染患者及时进行Uu和MH培养及耐药性监测,指导临床合理使用抗生素具有重要意义。