肝癌相关抗原HAg18—1 ELISA诊断药盒在血清学诊断中的应用

应用HAg 18-1 ELIsA诊断药盒,对原发性肝癌(PHc)、肝炎及肝炎伴有肝硬化、其他癌(肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌)以及正常人,共400例,进行了血清学的检测。结果显示:HAg 18-1 ELISA阳性检测率,PHC为81％,肝炎及伴有肝硬化为30％,肺癌为36％,胃癌为28％,结肠癌为12％,正常人为0。PHC组HAg 18-1 ELISA检测阳性率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。此外PHC 80例中有56例同时伴有AFP的检测,其中AFP 17/56阴性,17例阴性中HAg 18-1 ELISA检测阳性10例(59％),故对AFP检测PHC具有明显协同和补充诊断价值。此药盒操作简便,易于推扩,对PHC的临床诊断和普查提供了新方法。     

Epithelioid variant of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration

Epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) may cause significant diagnostic confusion on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and melanoma, particularly when metastatic. This study characterizes the cytologic features of nine cases of epithelioid GISTs that were obtained by computerized tomographic guidance in five, by endoscopic ultrasound in three, and from an excised liver tumor in one. Six cases presented as liver masses, one as a perisplenic mass, one as an abdominal mass, and one as a gastric mass. The aspirates revealed mainly single or small clusters of epithelioid cells with a moderate amount of granular to clear cytoplasm, small uniform nuclei with mild to marked nuclear envelope irregularities. Binucleation and intranuclear inclusions were frequent findings. Collagenous stroma was seen in most cases. In three cases, a neuroendocrine tumor was the initial diagnosis. Immunocytochemical staining for c-kit (CD117) was performed on cellblocks in six cases and was positive in five cases. On the subsequent surgical specimen, CD117 was positive in the c-kit-negative cytology case. The diagnosis of GIST should be considered in aspirates of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, mesentery, or abdominal wall mass lesions when epithelioid cells are the predominant cell type. Ancillary studies such as immunohistochemical stains are usually helpful in making a definitive diagnosis.     

PUREGENE DNA 提取试剂盒快速克提取全血DNA

目的对于人类基因组的研究,寻求快速、经济地从外周血中提取高产量、高纯度的DNA的试剂盒及切实有效的实验方案.方法应用PUREGENE DNA提取试剂盒(Gentra Systems,Minneapolis,MN,USA)快速提取全血DNA的3种推荐实验方案.结果与结论通过应用3种推荐实验方案,对600人份全血DNA的提取,讨论并总结了所推荐的3ml实验方案减半为最佳高效、快速、经济方案.     

New high yield Cu(I) assisted 123I radioiodination of 15(p-I-phenyl)-9-methyl pentadecanoic acid,a potential myocardial tracer

A new high yield ¹²³I radioiodination (97%), based on the Cu(I) assisted isotopic exchange in an ethanol water mixture, of 15(p-I-phenyl)-9 methyl pentadecanoic acid, a potential myocardial tracer, is proposed. The method allows a true kit preparation of radioiodinated phenyl fatty acids for a substrate concentration of ±10^-6 moles. High specific activities (>0.1 mCi/g) can be obtained when coupling the labelling method to HPLC purification with an overall radiochemical yield of 75%.     

Prev-DAF试剂盒分析线粒体基因1555A-G突变

目的建立应用标准试剂盒方法检测线粒体基因1555A-G(mtDNA1555A-G)突变的程序,进行母系遗传耳聋家系的基因型分析.方法采用Prev-DAF试剂盒分析14个母系遗传耳聋家系,共检测耳聋患者34个,正常个体11个,并以Alw26酶切和测序方法验证试剂盒检测的准确性.结果Prey-DAF试剂盒检测结果证实13个家系中33个耳聋患者携带有mtDNA1555A-G突变,另1个耳聋家系中的一名耳聋患者不携带此突变,11个正常个体中无此突变,试剂盒检测方法与Alw26I酶切法和测序结果完全吻合.结论在中国,mtDNA1555A-G氨基糖甙类抗生素致聋的家系多,分布广,Prev-DAF试剂盒在分析线粒体基因1555A-G突变方面具有简单、低耗、结果直观的特点,适合在中国用于进行此突变的大规模筛查或预防性检查.     

Prevention of hair graying by factors that promote the growth and differentiation of melanocytes

Epidermal melanocyte precursors migrate into developing hair follicles to form the melanocyte stem cell system required to supply pigmented melanocytes necessary for hair pigmentation in repetitive hair cycles. Hair graying is caused by irreversible defects in the self‐renewal and/or development of follicular melanocyte stem cells in the hair follicles. To investigate the mechanism(s) of hair graying during the normal aging process, we established a hair graying model in mice by repeatedly plucking or shaving trunk hairs. We repeatedly plucked or shaved trunk hairs to induce and accelerate the hair graying and counted the gray hairs. By using this functional model of hair graying in mice, we assessed the effects of genes known to affect melanocyte development, such as Kitl, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and endotheline 3 (ET3). After increasing the total numbers of cumulative hair cycles by plucking or shaving, we observed a significant increase in the gray hair of C57BL/6 mice. Kitl expression in the skin was the most effective for preventing hair graying and a significant effect was also confirmed for HGF and ET3 expression. The repeated hair plucking or shaving led to hair graying without any genetic lesion. Kitl is a more effective factor for prevention of hair graying than HGF or ET3. Our simple model of hair graying may provide a basic tool for screening the molecules or reagents preventing the progression of hair graying.     

十批茵陈中药材的质量分析研究

目的：对10批茵陈的质量进行质量分析比较。方法：薄层色谱法对茵陈进行鉴别,高效液相色谱法测定茵陈主要成分绿原酸的含量。结果：10批茵陈按薄层色谱鉴别均为合格,绿原酸的含量分别为：甘肃0.62%;山东0.13%;宁夏1.10%;安徽0.72%;河北0.28%;四川0.60%;陕西1.50%;河南0.47%;湖南0.70%;山西1.40%。结论：宁夏、陕西、山西产茵陈质量最佳,山东、河北、河南产茵陈绿原酸含量达不到中国药典的标准,本试验结果可为生产厂家优选货源提供参考。     

Evaluation of the Early Access STR Kit v1 on the Ion Torrent PGM™ platform

The Early Access STR Kit v1 is designed to detect 25-plex loci with next generation sequencing (NGS) technology on the Ion Torrent PGM™ platform, including 16 of 20 expanded Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) core loci (CSF1PO, D1S1656, D2S1338, D2S441, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D10S1248, D13S317, D16S539, D19S433, D21S11, TH01, TPOX and vWA), 8 non-CODIS core loci (D1S1677, D2S1776, D4S2408, D5S2500.AC008791, D6S1043, D6S474, D9S2157 and D14S1434) and Amelogenin. In this study, we compared the Early Access STR Kit v1 with the Ion Torrent™ HID STR 10-plex to find out its improvements and explored an appropriate analytical threshold to enhance the performance. In addition, seven experiments were conducted to evaluate the Early Access STR Kit v1 such as studies of repeatability, concordance, sensitivity, mixtures, degraded samples, case-type samples and pedigrees. Other than a little discordance (0.95%) with CE-STR results observed at D21S11, NGS-STR results correctly reflected the sample being tested. Repeatable results were obtained from both initial PCRs and emPCRs aside from a few variations of allele coverage. Full profiles could be obtained from 100 pg input DNA and >48.84% profiles from 10 pg input DNA. Mixtures were easily detected at 9:1 and 1:9 ratios. This system could be adapted to case-type samples and degraded samples. As a whole, the Early Access STR Kit v1 is a robust, reliable and reproducible assay for NGS-STR typing and a potential tool for human identification.     

弓形虫抗体免疫印迹试剂盒的研制

目的 研制敏感、特异的检测弓形虫IgM和IgG抗体免疫印迹试剂盒。 方法 收集人工感染RH株弓形虫速殖子昆明系小鼠的腹腔液，提取弓形虫胞质蛋白，采用十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）分离弓形虫可溶性抗原，并经电泳转印至硝酸纤维膜，以无毒灵敏的四甲基联苯胺（TMB）为底物分别检测30份弓形虫IgM和28份IgG阳性血清，40份健康人血清。通过比较抗原制备方法和使用剂量、封闭剂、洗涤和稀释剂、工作浓度、作用时间以及反应带出现率，选择最佳实验条件，以敏感性、特异性、Youden指数以及稳定性作为试剂盒评价标准。 结果 用免疫印迹试剂盒检测30份弓形虫IgM和28份IgG阳性血清，敏感性分别为90.0%（27/30）和85.7%（24/28），40份健康对照者血清的弓形虫IgM和IgG抗体均为阴性，特异性均为100%，Youden指数分别为0.9和0.86。试剂盒于4℃ 保存约6个月的检测结果一致。 结论 该免疫印迹试剂盒敏感性和特异性均较高，且操作简便、快速。     

快速精子浓度检测试剂盒的临床实验室检测评价

目的:探讨快速精子浓度检测试剂盒的准确性、灵敏性和特异性,以评价其临床应用价值。方法:应用快速精子浓度检测试剂盒和世界卫生组织推荐的显微镜计数法分别测定临床500例不育症患者的精子浓度,并进行两种方法的kappa一致性检验。结果:快速检测精子浓度检测试剂盒和显微镜计数法比较的准确性为97.6%,特异性为97.4%,敏感性为97.8%,Kappa值为0.956,两种检测方法的结果有很好的一致性。结论:运用快速精子浓度检测试剂盒能够基本满足临床需求,其标本处理简便,有良好的应用前景。