“一贯煎”的实验研究

本文报告“一贯煎”煎剂有显著的抗疲劳、抗缺氧、抗炎、增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能、镇静和镇痛作用,并能桔抗乙酰胆碱所致家兔离体肠管痉挛。     

Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients treated with triamcinolone acetonide aerosol

Thirty asthmatic patients participating in a trial of triamcinolone acetonide aerosol were evaluated to determine the relationships among symptoms of sore throat or hoarseness, the appearance of the throat on physical examination, and the presence of yeasts on pharyngeal culture. Observations were recorded prior to aerosol therapy and repeated after 2 wk, 4 wk, 6 wk, 4 mo, and 6 mo of therapy. A total of 15 patients (50%) experienced sore throat or hoarseness, 15 (50%) had yeasts cultured from the pharynx on at least one occasion, and 11 (37%) at some point had an abnormal throat examination; however, there was no predictable relationship between symptoms or abnormal physical examinations and the presence of a positive culture. The frequency of positive cultures did not change significantly during the observation period. Twelve patients had positive yeast cultures on 50% or more of their samples. The incidence of symptoms was not sigficantly increased in these chronically colonized patients. Symptoms were usually transient, and discontinuation of the aerosol or antifungal therapy was unnecessary. Triamcinolone aerosol was not associated with significantly increased pharyngeal colonization with yeasts in this 6-mo study. Existing chronic colonization is not necessarily a contraindication to triamcinolone therapy. Sore throat and hoarseness are usually unrelated to yeast infection in patients using triamcinolone acetonide aerosol.     

A recombinant probiotic for treatment and prevention of cholera

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We have developed a therapeutic strategy based on molecular mimicry of host receptors for bacterial toxins on the surface of harmless gut bacteria. In the present study, this has been applied to the development of a recombinant probiotic for treatment and prevention of cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae. METHODS: We expressed glycosyltransferase genes from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Campylobacter jejuni in a harmless Escherichia coli strain, resulting in production of a chimeric lipopolysaccharide terminating in a mimic of the ganglioside GM(1). RESULTS: The recombinant bacterium was capable of binding cholera toxin, a sine qua non of virulence, with high avidity; when tested with purified cholera toxin, it was capable of adsorbing >5% of its own weight of toxin in vitro. Administration of the GM(1)-expressing probiotic also protected infant mice against challenge with virulent V cholerae, even when treatment was delayed until after establishment of infection. When treatment commenced 1 hour after challenge, 12 of 12 mice given the probiotic survived, compared with only 1 of 12 for control mice (P < .00001). CONCLUSIONS: Toxin-binding probiotics such as that described here have considerable potential for prophylaxis and treatment of cholera in humans.     

中西医结合治疗复治肺结核的疗效评价

目的 探究中西医结合治疗对复治肺结核病人的治疗效果及生活质量的影响。方法 选取2019年1月至2021年1月间在陕西省结核病防治院进行治疗的复治肺结核病人70例,采用随机数字表法将其分为两组,每组各35例。对照组采用西医化疗法治疗,研究组采用中医抗痨丸结合西医化疗法治疗,对两组病人的临床疗效、中医症状积分、T淋巴细胞亚群、肺功能、生活质量进行比较分析。结果 治疗后,两组中医症状积分和CD8+水平下降,CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平上升,且研究组中医症状积分和CD8+水平显著低于对照组,CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组显效28例、有效5例、无效2例,对照组显效19例、有效8例、无效8例,研究组疗效显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组第一秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）及呼气流速峰值（PEFR）参数、WHO生存质量测定量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）各维度评分均上升,且研究组FEV1/FVC参数（83.47±9.27）%显著高于对照组（77.65±8.63）%,PEFR参数（5.62±1.12）...     

抗辐灵对微波辐射致大鼠精子损伤的防治作用

目的探讨抗辐灵对微波辐射致大鼠精子损伤的防治作用。方法 100只Wistar雄性大鼠,随机分为:正常对照组、辐射对照组、1 g/(kg.d)抗辐灵组、2 g/(kg.d)抗辐灵组和4 g/(kg.d)抗辐灵组,30 mW/cm2微波全身辐射10 min,于辐射前7 d灌胃给予1、2和4 g/(kg.d)抗辐灵水溶液,每天1次,连续14 d。分别于停药后6 h(辐射后7 d)、7 d(辐射后14 d)、14 d(辐射后21 d)处死大鼠,SCA精子动态分析系统检测大鼠精子活力参数,HE染色观测精子畸形率。结果 30mW/cm2微波辐射后7 d,大鼠精子畸形率升高(P<0.05);停药后6 h各剂量药物组精子畸形率较辐射组明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。30 mW/cm2微波辐射后14 d大鼠精子活动率(AR)和A+B级精子比例明显减少(P<0.05),D级精子比例明显增加(P<0.05),精子畸形率增加(P<0.05)。停药后7 d;2和4 g/(kg.d)抗辐灵组精子活动率(AR)和A+B级精子比例较辐射组明显增加(P<0.05或P<0.01),D级精子比例降低(P<0.05),精子畸形率降低(P<0.05)。结论 30 mW/cm2微波辐射可引起大鼠精子损伤,表现为精子活动率减少和精子畸形率增加,抗辐灵具有明显防治微波辐射损伤的作用。     

Comparative controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination, Kan Jang and an Echinacea preparation as adjuvant, in the treatment of uncomplicated respiratory disease in children

A three-arm study comparing the efficacy of Kan Jang, a fixed herbal combination containing standardized Andrographis paniculata (N.) SHA-10 extract, with Immunal, a preparation containing Echinacea purpurea (L.) extract, in uncomplicated common colds was carried out in 130 children aged between 4 and 11 years over a period of 10 days. The study was designed as an adjuvant treatment of Kan Jang and Immunal with a standard treatment. The patients were assigned to one of the three groups. In control group C; 39 patients received only standard treatment. Kan Jang and Immunal were used as an adjuvant to this therapy in the other two groups. Adjuvant group A; 53 patients treated with Kan Jang tablets concomitant to standard treatment, and adjuvant control group B; 41 patients treated with concomitant Immunal. It was found that the adjuvant treatment with Kan Jang, was significantly more effective than Immunal, when started at an early stage of uncomplicated common colds. The symptoms of the disease were less severe in the Kan Jang group. The effect of Kan Jang was particularly pronounced in two objective parameters, amount of nasal secretion g/day and nasal congestion. Kan Jang also accelerated the recovery time, whereas Immunal did not show the same efficacy. The use of standard medication was significantly less in the Kan Jang adjuvant group than in either the Immunal or standard treatment group. Kan Jang treatment was well tolerated and no side effects or adverse reactions were reported.     

Hepatotoxicity and surface activity of tricyclic antidepressants in vitro.

Cytotoxicity to isolated rat hepatocytes of the tricyclic antidepressants, chlorimipramine, nortriptyline, amitriptyline, imipramine, and of doxepin was determined by the leakage of cytoplasmic and lysosomal enzymes into surrounding media. The rank order of toxicity was: chlorimipramine > nortriptyline > amitriptyline > imipramine > doxepin. All tricyclic antidepressants tested lowered the surface tension of the salt solution contained in the tissue culture media. The rank order of surface activity was the same as that of hepatotoxicity in vitro. These results suggest that the differences in membrane damage produced by tricyclic antidepressants may be related to surface activity which in turn may determine the extent of adsorption onto cell membranes.