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1.
内生菌由细菌、真菌、古菌和原生生物组成,它们生活在植物的活体组织中,具有丰富的次级代谢产物多样性。人参内生菌在人参的生长发育、次级代谢产物的生成和环境适应等方面均有重要的促进作用,对人参的产量和品质有较大影响。随着人们在微生物领域研究的深入,高通量测序技术已经成为研究植物内生菌的重要方法。文章主要从人参内生菌分离与鉴定研究方法、人参内生菌的多样性、人参内生菌及其次级代谢产物的活性、人参内生菌对宿主的影响等4个方面对人参内生菌近年来的研究进展进行讨论,并对其发展方向提出展望,以期为药用植物内生菌研究和品质改良提供新思路、新方法。 相似文献
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The circadian rhythm in humans is determined by the central clock located in the hypothalamus’s suprachiasmatic nucleus, and it synchronizes the peripheral clocks in other tissues. Circadian clock genes and clock-controlled genes exist in almost all cell types. They have an essential role in many physiological processes, including lipid metabolism in the liver, regulation of the immune system, and the severity of infections. In addition, circadian rhythm genes can stimulate the immune response of host cells to virus infection. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of liver disease and liver cancer globally. HBV infection depends on the host cell, and hepatocyte circadian rhythm genes are associated with HBV replication, survival, and spread. The core circadian rhythm proteins, REV-ERB and brain and muscle ARNTL-like protein 1, have a crucial role in HBV replication in hepatocytes. In addition to influencing the virus’s life cycle, the circadian rhythm also affects the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of antiviral vaccines. Therefore, it is vital to apply antiviral therapy at the appropriate time of day to reduce toxicity and improve the effectiveness of antiviral treatment. For these reasons, understanding the role of the circadian rhythm in the regulation of HBV infection and host responses to the virus provides us with a new perspective of the interplay of the circadian rhythm and anti-HBV therapy. Therefore, this review emphasizes the importance of the circadian rhythm in HBV infection and the optimization of antiviral treatment based on the circadian rhythm-dependent immune response. 相似文献
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Her-Shyong Shiah Nai-Jung Chiang Chia-Chi Lin Chia-Jui Yen Hui-Jen Tsai Shang-Yin Wu Wu-Chou Su Kwang-Yu Chang Ching-Chiung Wang Jang-Yang Chang Li-Tzong Chen 《The oncologist》2021,26(4):e567-e579
Lessons Learned
- SCB01A is a novel microtubule inhibitor with vascular disrupting activity.
- This first‐in‐human study demonstrated SCB01A safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity.
- SCB01A is safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced solid malignancies with manageable neurotoxicity.
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[摘要]?目的?结合环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP)和微流控芯片技术,建立一种适合现场快速检测登革病毒的方法。方法?利用RT-LAMP,针对登革病毒基因组中3’非编码区中特异性序列进行扩增,建立基于微流控芯片技术的LAMP检测方法,优化检测体系,并对该方法的灵敏性和特异性进行评估。结果?基于LAMP 和微流控芯片技术的登革病毒检测方法,通过对病毒模板进行扩增,发现与其他病毒无交叉反应,特异性良好;同时,结果显示该方法对登革病毒检测灵敏性可达61.2 pg/μl,与实时荧光定量PCR仪所达到的检测灵敏性一致。结论?基于LAMP和微流控芯片技术的登革病毒检测方法具有操作简单、快速、对设备要求低等优势,并且灵敏性、特异性均较好,是一种便于开展现场快速检测的方法。 相似文献
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《Vaccine》2022,40(16):2370-2378
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae, Mhp) are two of the most common pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) resulting in significant economic losses worldwide. Vaccination is the most effective approach to disease prevention. Since PRRSV and Mhp co-infections are very common, an efficient dual vaccine against these pathogens is required for the global swine industry. Compared with traditional vaccines, multi-epitope vaccines have several advantages, they are comparatively easy to produce and construct, are chemically stable, and do not have an infectious potential. In this study, to develop a safe and effective vaccine, B cell and T cell epitopes of PRRSV-GP5, PRRSV-M, Mhp-P46, and Mhp-P65 protein had been screened to construct a recombinant epitope protein rEP-PM that has good hydrophilicity, strong antigenicity, and high surface accessibility, and each epitope is independent and complete. After immunization in mice, rEP-PM could induce the production of high levels of antibodies, and it had good immunoreactivity with anti-rEP-PM, anti-PRRSV, and anti-Mhp antibodies. The anti-rEP-PM antibody specifically recognizes proteins from PRRSV and Mhp. Moreover, rEP-PM induced a Th1-dominant cellular immune response in mice. Our results showed that the rEP-PM protein could be a potential candidate for the development of a safe and effective multi-epitope peptide combined vaccine to control PRRSV and Mhp infections. 相似文献
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《Vaccine》2022,40(7):1001-1009
Vaccination guidelines for dogs and cats indicate that core vaccines (for dogs, rabies, distemper, adenovirus, parvovirus; for cats, feline parvovirus, herpes virus-1, calicivirus) are essential to maintain health, and that non-core vaccines be administered according to a clinician’s assessment of a pet’s risk of exposure and susceptibility to infection. A reliance on individual risk assessment introduces the potential for between-practice inconsistencies in non-core vaccine recommendations. A study was initiated to determine non-core vaccination rates of dogs (Leptospira, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bordetella bronchiseptica, canine influenza virus) and cats (feline leukemia virus) in patients current for core vaccines in veterinary practices across the United States. Transactional data for 5,531,866 dogs (1,670 practices) and 1,914,373 cats (1,661 practices) were retrieved from practice management systems for the period November 1, 2016 through January 1, 2020, deidentified and normalized. Non-core vaccination status was evaluated in 2,798,875 dogs and 788,772 cats that were core-vaccine current. Nationally, median clinic vaccination rates for dogs were highest for leptospirosis (70.5%) and B. bronchiseptica (68.7%), and much lower for canine influenza (4.8%). In Lyme-endemic states, the median clinic borreliosis vaccination rate was 51.8%. Feline leukemia median clinic vaccination rates were low for adult cats (34.6%) and for kittens and 1-year old cats (36.8%). Individual clinic vaccination rates ranged from 0 to 100% for leptospirosis, B. bronchiseptica and feline leukemia, 0–96% for canine influenza, and 0–94% for borreliosis. Wide variation in non-core vaccination rates between clinics in similar geographies indicates that factors other than disease risk are driving the use of non-core vaccines in pet dogs and cats, highlighting a need for veterinary practices to address gaps in patient protection. Failure to implement effective non-core vaccination strategies leaves susceptible dogs and cats unprotected against vaccine-preventable diseases. 相似文献
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对2010年1月—2016年7月重庆市中毒救治指定医疗机构收治的2 497例中毒患者进行回顾性分析。结果显示,中毒患者中男性1 230例(49.3%)、女性1 267例(50.7%);分布最多的3个年龄段依次是41~50岁(18.5%)、≤10岁(16.4%)和21~30岁(13.0%);死亡16例,病死率0.6%。中毒类型构成排前三位的是细菌(33.8%)、化学品(32.2%)、植物(14.8%)。中毒预后多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示重度中毒患者结局死亡的可能性是轻度患者的1 102倍。提示重庆市应重点关注农村地区41~50岁人群的细菌、化学品、药物中毒,同时应该加强儿童中毒防控工作。 相似文献
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内脏利什曼病是全球被忽视的传染病之一,危害严重。而利什曼原虫-人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)合并感染对流行地区造成的威胁更甚。利什曼原虫与HIV存在相互作用,合并感染者在临床表现、诊断及治疗方面具有一定特殊性,其病死率及复发率均高于HIV阴性的内脏利什曼病患者。本文对利什曼原虫-HIV合并感染患者的临床表现、诊断和治疗进展进行综述。 相似文献