NRF2 activates growth factor genes and downstream AKT signaling to induce mouse and human hepatomegaly

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肝静脉型布-加综合征与肝窦阻塞综合征的CE-MRA鉴别诊断

目的提高肝静脉型布-加综合征和肝窦阻塞综合征的影像诊断水平。方法回顾性分析经DSA证实的30例肝静脉型布-加综合征及经病理证实的8例肝窦阻塞综合征的CE-MRA特点,归纳两者影像表现的差异。结果本组肝静脉型布-加综合征和肝窦阻塞综合征门静脉内径分别为1.53±0.33cm、1.47±0.39cm,差异无统计学意义（P=0.104）。（1）肝静脉型布-加综合征主要表现为：肝大、肝叶比例失调、尾状叶体积增大、脾大、腹水;30例肝静脉型布-加综合征患者,35支肝静脉显示不清、28支肝静脉闭塞（38.89%）、19支合并血栓（21.11%）、8支通畅（8.89%）;30例患者均显示的肝内侧支;静脉期肝脏强化分布表现为反＂爪＂型强化（40%）、内高外低强化（36.67%）、内低外高强化（10%）、均匀强化（10%）及不规则强化（3.33%）。（2）肝窦阻塞综合征主要表现为肝脾大、腹水;8例肝窦阻塞综合征患者,有18支（6例）肝静脉显示清楚、管腔通畅,余6支（2例）显示不清;8例肝窦阻塞综合征患者均未示肝内侧支血管;静脉期肝脏强化呈＂爪＂型分布（87.5%）,余1例强化不规则。结论 CE-MRA在鉴别肝静脉型布-加综合征和肝窦阻塞综合征中可提供可靠的信息,通过仔细观察影像表现,对两者诊断准确性会有进一步提高。     

Effects of bicyclol on hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by Gynura segetum

BackgroundThe intake of Gynura segetum, a traditional Chinese medicine, may be induce hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS). It has a high mortality rate based on the severity of the disease and the absence of therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of bicyclol on HSOS induced by Gynura segetum and the potential molecular mechanisms.Methods Gynura segetum (30 g/kg) was administered for 4 weeks in the model group, while the bicyclol pretreatment group received bicyclol (200 mg/kg) administration. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), and liver histological assays were detected to assess HSOS. The gene expressions of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isozymes were quantified by real‐time PCR. Moreover, hepatocellular apoptosis was detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) assay, then apoptosis and autophagy‐related markers were determined using Western blot.ResultsAs a result, bicyclol pretreatment is notably protected against Gynura segetum‐induced HSOS, as observed by reducing serum ALT levels, inhibiting the reduction in CHO and TG levels, and alleviating the histopathological changes. Bicyclol pretreatment inhibited the changes in mRNA levels of CYP450 isozymes (including the increase in CYP2a5 and decrease in CYP2b10, 2c29, 2c37, 3a11, and 7b1). In addition, the upregulation of Bcl‐2 and the downregulation of LC3‐II/LC3‐I proteins expression in HSOS were inhibited with bicyclol pretreatment.ConclusionBicyclol exerted a protective effect against HSOS induced by Gynura segetum, which could be attributed to the regulated expressions of CYP450 isozymes and alleviated the downregulation of autophagy.