甘精胰岛素强化治疗2型糖尿病的研究

目的　观察甘精胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病患者的降糖效果和安全性。方法　2 7例2型糖尿病伴高血糖(FPG≥1 1mmol/L)患者随机分为A、B 2组进行强化胰岛素治疗,A组为甘精胰岛素治疗组(n =1 3) ;B组为胰岛素泵治疗组(n =1 4 )。2组治疗目标末梢血糖值为空腹≤7.0mmol/L和餐后2h血糖≤1 1 .1mmol/L。结果　2组患者都达到目标血糖值,血糖达标时间无差异,低血糖发生率无差别(P均>0 .0 5 )。结论　甘精胰岛素强化治疗可以良好地控制高血糖,且低血糖发生率低。     

甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病疗效观察

目的：观察甘精胰岛素（来得时）联合阿卡波糖（拜唐萍）治疗2型糖尿病患者的临床疗效。方法：选取40例糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）〉9％的2型糖尿病患者,予每餐口服阿卡波糖,同时每晚22点睡前皮下注射甘精胰岛素治疗3个月,观察治疗前后血糖水平、低血糖发生情况及体质指数（BMI）。结果：治疗后患者的空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPO）、HbAlc较治疗前均显著下降（P〈0．05）;体质指数（BMI）治疗前后无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;低血糖发生率为2．5％。结论：甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖能有效降低糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）〉9％的2型糖尿病患者的血糖,且对体重影响较小,具有安全、方便、依从性高的特点,可作为临床2型糖尿病的治疗方案。     

Retrospective cohort study evaluating exenatide twice daily and long-acting insulin analogs in a Veterans Health Administration population with type 2 diabetes

AimThis was a retrospective cohort study that evaluated the differences in glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c) and body mass index (BMI) in veterans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), prescribed exenatide twice daily (BID) versus long-acting insulin analog (LAIA) two years after initiation in the United States (US) veteran population.Materials and methodsPatients were included if they were ≥ 18 years old with T2DM, and initiated exenatide BID or LAIA at the Veterans Health Administration between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2010. Multivariate models were used to evaluate the changes in HbA_1c and BMI between groups, controlling for potential confounders. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds of achieving ≥ 0.5% HbA_1c reduction based on baseline HbA_1c stratifications: low, < 7%; moderate, 7% to < 9%; and high, ≥ 9%.ResultsA total of 446 exenatide BID and 51,531 LAIA patients met inclusion/exclusion criteria. On average, exenatide BID patients were significantly older (64 versus 60 years) with a higher BMI (37.8 versus 32.9 kg/m²). Baseline HbA_1c was 8.2% and 8.8% for exenatide BID and LAIA patients, respectively (P < 0.001); otherwise, patients were similar for all other characteristics. Exenatide BID treatment was significantly associated with a 0.32% (95%CI: 0.18–0.47%) greater reduction in HbA_1c at two years compared with LAIA. Similar findings were observed for BMI reduction (0.68 kg/m²; 95%CI: 0.42–0.95 kg/m²). Exenatide BID patients with moderate baseline HbA_1c had significantly higher odds of achieving ≥ 0.5% HbA_1c reduction compared with LAIA patients (OR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.2–2.0).ConclusionsVeterans treated with exenatide BID had significantly greater reduction in HbA_1c and BMI compared with patients treated with LAIA patients two years after initiation.     

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Insulin Glargine and Aspart,Compared to NPH and Regular Insulin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective

Appropriate treatment of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is necessary to avoid further complications. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of insulin Glargine and Aspart with NPH insulin and regular insulin regimen in a group of children with T1DM.

Methods

Forty patients with T1DM were enrolled in this study. During run-in, all subjects were treated with conventional therapy consisting of twice-daily NPH and thrice-daily regular. Following randomization, 20 subjects received Glargine and Aspart and 20 subjects received NPH and Regular insulin.

Findings

Mean HbA1c was 8.8% and 8.6% at first and 8.4% and 8.2% at the end of study for subjects randomized initially to Glargine and Aspart and for those randomized to NPH and Regular, respectively (P>0.05). Mean fasting blood glucose (FBS) of the subjects randomized initially to Glargine and Aspart was 217±101 mg/dL, with no significant difference to 196±75 mg/dL for those randomized to NPH and Regular (P=0.48). This was also true at the end of the study. The difference in total cholesterol and triglyceride between the two groups in the beginning of study and at the end did not show any significance.

Conclusion

The current study showed no significant difference in glycemic control [Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and FBS] and lipid profile (total cholesterol and triglyceride) between two regimes.     

肺癌合并2型糖尿病围手术期血糖管理

目的探讨肺癌合并2型糖尿病患者术后不同血糖控制方案的疗效。方法选择61例肺癌合并2型糖尿病的患者,随机分为3组:静脉输注组、胰岛素泵组和甘精胰岛素组。于术后检测3组各项临床指标。结果治疗后甘精胰岛素组在血糖控制时间、治疗后日平均血糖、胰岛素日使用量、低血糖的发生率及血糖波动程度、胰岛素抵抗指数等方面与胰岛素泵组无差异,但均显著低于静脉胰岛素输注组。结论肺癌合并2型糖尿病患者在围术期采用甘精胰岛素和胰岛素泵治疗均可安全有效的控制血糖。     

应用动态血糖监测系统评价甘精胰岛素作为基础胰岛素治疗的优越性

采用动态血糖监测系统比较磺脲类药物治疗效果不佳的2型糖尿病患者睡前联合甘精胰岛素或中性鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素（NPH）治疗12周后血糖谱的变化。结果显示，联合甘精胰岛素治疗，在空腹血糖达到同样较好控制的同时，夜间低血糖发生率低，全天血糖曲线波动小。     

甘精胰岛素和格列美脲对初诊2型糖尿病疗效的比较

目的对HbA1c〉9％的新诊断的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者进行甘精胰岛素或格列美脲联合二甲双胍的短期强化治疗,探讨两种强化方案的疗效。方法36例新诊断的T2DM患者随机分为两组,每组18例,分别使用甘精胰岛素或格列美脲联合二甲双胍治疗,疗程12周,对其在治疗前后血糖控制情况及胰岛β细胞功能进行自身及组间比较。结果治疗后两组FPG、2hPG、HbA1c均显著下降（P均〈0．01）,HOMA-IR下降（P〈0．05）,HOMA-β升高（P〈0．01）。FPG、2hPG、HbA1C治疗前后的差值及治疗12周后早餐前后血糖差值,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）,甘精组血糖达标更迅速。结论HbA1c〉9％的新诊断的T2DM患者两种短期强化方案疗效均佳,且胰岛素组降糖更显著、迅速。     

于精胰岛素联合口服降糖药对2型糖尿病患者血糖波动性的影响

目的研究甘精胰岛素联合口服降糖药对2型糖尿病患者血糖波动性的影响。方法以63例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,将其分为甘精胰岛素联合口服阿卡波糖组（联合组,32例）和预混胰岛素组（预混组,31例）,联合组每日给予皮下注射甘精胰岛素及餐前口服阿卡波糖,每日3次。预混组每日2次皮下注射门冬胰岛素。治疗2周后,监测并比较患者血糖变化,记录胰岛素使用情况。结果经过2周治疗后．联合组平均胰岛素使用量明显少于预混组,低血糖的发生率为40．63％,明显少于预混组（83．87％）,两组比较差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。治疗2周后两组平均血糖水平及高血糖曲线下面积（AUC）比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而联合组标准差、每日平均血糖波动幅度及低血糖AUC明显低于预混组,两组比较差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论口服降糖药对2型糖尿病控制不良时,联合应用甘精胰岛素能使血糖控制在较稳定水平,且血糖波动小,低血糖发生率相对较低。     

甘精胰岛素在糖尿病治疗中的多种应用方法临床观察

目的探讨甘精胰岛素在糖尿病患者治疗中的多种应用方法的临床疗效观察。方法将80例糖尿病患者分为"三短一长"组、"二短一长"组、"一中一长"和"一长"组,比较治疗后4组血糖达标时间、平均空腹血糖、血糖漂移、胰岛素用量、低血糖发生率。结果"三短一长"组在血糖达标时间、治疗后空腹血糖、日内血糖漂移、糖化血红蛋白、果糖胺水平下降方面均优于其他组(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素治疗时,"三短一长"组降糖效果最显著。