Molecular characterization of Toxocara spp. from soil of public areas in Ahvaz southwestern Iran

In the present study, the microscopy and polymerase chain reaction methods were used for detection and identification of soil contamination by Toxocara eggs in squares, streets, public parks, and rubbish dumps in Ahvaz, southwestern Iran.     

Legal and ethical issues in the international transaction of donor sperm and eggs

Pertinent ethical and legal issues in the international transaction of donor sperm and eggs are discussed. Firstly, there may be legislative and ethical “contradiction” by the local health authority in permitting import of donor gametes, due to varying policies on donor reimbursement in different countries. This is particularly significant in countries where the underlying principle of gamete donation is altruistic motivation, and where reimbursement is given only for direct “out-of-pocket” expenses i.e. traveling costs. Secondly, there is a lack of clear and coherent internationally-binding legislation and regulatory guidelines overseeing the exchange of donor gametes across international borders. In particular, provisions should be made for donor traceability if gametes are sourced from abroad. Thirdly, in the case of “frozen-egg donation” from abroad, patients must rightfully be informed that current cryopreservation technology is still sub-optimal, and all studies have consistently shown that the chances of conception are always lower with “frozen-eggs” compared to freshly-retrieved eggs. Finally, regulatory safeguards should be put in place to prevent fertility clinics and medical professionals from “re-selling” imported donor gametes at a profit to the patient, since it would be thoroughly unprofessional for them to earn a profit simply through the ‘brokerage’ of donated human material.     

胆囊结石联合胆汁病理检查诊断华支睾吸虫感染

目的 探讨胆囊结石联合胆汁病理检查诊断胆囊结石患者合并华支睾吸虫感染的可行性.方法 采用粪便直接涂片、胆汁离心镜检和胆囊结石病理切片镜检等方法,检查350例胆囊结石患者的粪便、胆汁和结石标本中的华支睾吸虫虫卵,分析3种方法的检出率. 结果 粪便直接涂片法、胆汁离心镜检和胆囊结石病理切片镜检华支睾吸虫虫卵的检出率分别为29.4％ (103/350)、41.5％ (145/350)和44.2％(155/350).与胆汁离心镜检法相比,粪便直接涂片法检出率最低(x2=11.05,P＜0.05),胆囊结石病理切片镜检的检出率差异无统计学意义(x2＝0.583,P＞ 0.05).胆汁、胆石联合检出率为67.7％ (237/350),明显高于其它方法(x2=48.77,P＜0.05). 结论 胆囊结石与胆汁联合病理检查虫卵可提高胆囊结石患者感染华支睾吸虫的诊断率.     

Determination of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in foodstuffs by HPLC UV-DAD and LC–MS/MS

In order to generate new data for vitamin D content for the Canadian Nutrient File, a method for the quantification of vitamin D₃ and 25(OH)D₃ in foodstuffs has been modified and improved. Vitamin D₃ was quantified using reverse phase liquid chromatography (LC) with UV-diode array detector (UV-DAD), while 25(OH)D₃ was measured by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (APCI MS/MS). Quantification was by internal standards (IS) using vitamin D₂ and 25(OH)D₂. A Certified Reference Material (CRM-421 containing vitamin D₃) and a control sample (internally generated reference material of ground pork containing both vitamin D₃ and 25(OH)D₃) were used as validation and quality control tools. Limit of detection for both compounds was 0.04 μg/100 g. Accuracy for vitamin D in the CRM-421 was 99% (0.142 mg/kg for a target of 0.143, n = 10). Recovery of vitamin D₃ in ground pork was 97% (88% absolute recovery). For 25(OH)D₃, a recovery of 94% (73% absolute recovery) was obtained. Using this method, data for vitamin D₃ and 25(OH)D₃ content in a variety of foods (pork, beef, eggs, poultry, fish, and dinners) have been generated.     

Effect of Fascioliasis on the pharmacokinetic parameters of triclabendazole in human subjects

Objectives To study the clinical efficacy of Triclabendazole (TCBZ) on Egyptian patients infected with Fasciola and understand the effect of Fascioliasis on the pharmacokinetics of TCBZ. Methods The pharmacokinetics of TCBZ administered as a single oral dose (10 mg/kg) was investigated in both infected and parasite––free Egyptian subjects. After oral administration, TCBZ is metabolized to a sulphone and sulfoxide derivatives. The latter is responsible for the fasciolicidal activity of TCBZ, and it could be used as a marker of drug bioavailability. Blood samples were collected following the oral administration, and TCBZ sulfoxide plasma concentrations were determined by a sensitive and specific HPLC method. Results Pharmacokinetic parameters (C _max, AUC_0–48, t _1/2 and t _max) for TCBZ sulfoxide were calculated. In patients; the mean C _max was 9.11 ± 1.3 μg/ml, the mean AUC _(0–48) was 91 ± 10.5 μg h ml⁻¹, the mean t _1/2 was 7.4 ± 0.6 h, and the t _max was 3.0 ± 0.4 h. In normal subjects, the mean C _max was 8.48 ± 0.92 μg/ml, the mean AUC_(0–48) was 85 ± 6.55 μg h ml⁻¹, the mean t _1/2 was 6.2 ± 0.357 h, and the t _max was 3 ± 0.4 h. No significant difference could be detected in the patients as compared to normal subjects, which would suggest that Fascioliasis does not affect any of the studied parameters. No eggs in faeces could be detected following TCBZ treatment. Also, most of the clinical investigations showed significant decline back to the normal ranges post-treatment which indicates complete curing and high TCBZ efficacy. Conclusion Fasioliasis as an infective condition widely spread in Egypt has no significant effect on the pharmacokinetic parameters of the orally administered TCBZ and at the same time it is very effective against the parasite which strongly and safely suggests the use of this medication for the treatment of this infection.     

药物体外杀灭蛲虫卵的初步研究

本文报告用浸泡法的以常用,消毒液、化学驱虫药、中药及食品等共21个品种体外处理蛲虫卵的结果。实验显示:蛲虫卵经次氯酸钠(1000ppm)、过氧乙酸(1%)等消毒液,南鹤虱、苦楝皮、公丁香、白头翁、露蜂房、五倍子等6种中药煎剂(≈1g/ml生药)及食物青皮大蒜鳞茎液(1:2)、小葱葱白液(1:2)处理后,与未经药物处理的对照虫卵孵出率相比,有非常显著的差异。值得进一步研究。     

应用加压毛细管电色谱技术检测鸡蛋中四环素类农兽药残留的研究

目的 建立了鸡蛋样品中四环素类农药多残留同时检测的加压毛细管电色谱分析方法。方法 以二氯甲烷为沉淀剂处理鸡蛋样品,运用加压毛细管电色谱法进行快速检测。以甲醇-乙腈-20 mmol/L草酸溶液(pH=4.25)(10：20：70,v/v/v)作流动相,等度洗脱,外加电压为-4kV,检测波长为270 nm。结果 经方法学考察,4种四环素类药品土霉素、4-差向金霉素、盐酸金霉素、强力霉素在各自标准曲线浓度范围内线性良好,R2均在0.993以上。回收率为80.46％～100.49％,日内和日间精密度的相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于5％。结论 该方法简单方便,重现性好,准确可靠,回收率较高,适用于鸡蛋样品中抗生素多残留的测定。     

泛发性湿疹伴发肝吸虫感染1例

报道泛发性湿疹伴发肝吸虫感染1例,并对相关文献进行复习总结。患者,男,51岁,2022年2月7日因“泛发性湿疹”收入广州市皮肤病防治所,在入院常规检查中发现大便常规中有肝吸虫的虫卵,而确诊该病,经过抗过敏和抗寄生虫治疗,患者痊愈出院。     

日本血吸虫虫卵核糖核酸的提取及鉴定

本文采用异硫氰酸胍－酚－氯仿一步法成功地提取了日本血吸虫虫卵总RNA，琼脂糖电泳结果呈现18S一条主带，与日本血吸虫成虫RNA的电泳结果一致。日本血吸虫虫卵RNA的抽提成功为虫卵cDNA库的构建以及虫卵有效抗原的筛选奠定了基础。     

Haematobium eggs detection in human bladder cancer and sporocysts in snail vectors: Seven cases report and a review of the Burkina Faso literature

Schistosoma haematobium plays a central role in the development of bladder cancer in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of S. haematobium in the bladder cancer and in vector snails. For the first time, formalin-fixed tissues embedded in paraffin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and PCR. Molecular detection has resulted in 7/7 positive bladder cancer. Finally, as the snail vectors were positive. We suggest the use of molecular methods in the snail vectors for the detection of cysts and in cancerous tissues in larger studies.