Membrane-associated proteins of T4-infected Escherichia coli

During the prereplicative period after the infection of Escherichia coli by phage T4, more than 50 proteins are synthesized. Many of them have been identified with their corresponding genes. Among them, at least 13 are selectively enriched in the membrane preparation. They include the products of the two rII genes, genes 39, 52 (DNA-delay), and others not yet identified. The majority of these proteins (90%) are extractable by the detergent, sarkosyl, and are possibly associated with the inner or cytoplasmic membrane. Based on their electrophoretic migration in SDS-polyacrylamide gels and on their tryptic fingerprints, these proteins are found to be phage induced. Two of the newly synthesized proteins that are selectively enriched in the cell wall or outer envelope fraction are found to be identical with two envelope proteins of the host cell. They are continually synthesized after phage infection although general host protein synthesis is shut off.     

Amacrine cells,bipolar cells and ganglion cells of the cat retina: A Golgi study

Neuronal types contributing to the inner plexiform layer of the cat retina are described based primarily on light microscopy of Golgi-impregnated retinal whole-mounts. Cells have been characterized on morphological criteria that include dendritic branching patterns, dendritic tree sizes, cell body sizes and stratification of processes in the inner plexiform layer. Nine different types of bipolar cell, 22 different types of amacrine cell and 23 different types of ganglion cell can be distinguished using one or more of these morphological criteria. The significance of the different morphological types of cells is discussed, particularly in relationship to the functional bisublamination of the cat inner plexiform layer.     

Identification and Determination of Microcystins in Source Water an Waterbloom Sample From Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China

OBJECTIVE: To identify and determine the congener and level of microcystins in the source water of Taihu Lake. METHODS: Improved method of SPE combined with HPLC was employed to detect the concentration and varieties of microcystins in source water and bloom samples collected from Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake. RESULTS: The contents of two predominant microcystin components, MC-RR, and MC-LR, were relatively high in samples during warm months and correlated with the phase of algae growth. The maximum concentrations of MC-RR and MC-LR in water sample reached 3.09 +/- 0.53 microg/L and 2.39 +/- 0.41 microg/L during the period of water bloom in September 2004, respectively. Even without waterbloom, the concentration of MC-LR in source water sample was still higher than the guideline value. CONCLUSION: The status of microcystin pollution in this region is serious and measures to monitor and control the growth of cyanobacteria are urgently needed.     

南水北调后微山湖区饮用水卫生现状调查

目的了解微山湖区生活饮用水水质情况。方法2005年对微山湖区生活饮用水选择监测点采样检测。结果在微山湖区84处监测点采集和检测水样168份,合格率为31.55%,深井水、浅井水、地面水合格率分别为41.67%、36.84%、11.36%。结论微生物污染是存在的主要卫生问题,防止湖区污染,加强水污染治理是今后工作中的新课题。     

湖北钉螺在非适宜地东平湖生存繁殖的纵向观察

目的在南水北调条件下,观察人工北移至非适宜地区山东省东平湖区湖北钉螺生存繁殖的能力。方法近年,在东平湖区的湖心岛以螺笼放养钉螺,定量观察其生存繁殖情况。结果亲代钉螺可以在东平湖越冬生存,存活率为60.51%(118/195);经过2个冬季24个月放养,繁殖产生了子2代钉螺228只,其螺口数量较亲代钉螺数量增长了14.00%;经过3个冬季36个月放养,钉螺繁殖产生了子3代钉螺86只,其数量较亲代钉螺减少了57.00%,与子2代钉螺数量比较减少了62.28%;经过4个冬季48个月放养,钉螺存活率为0。结论南水北调东线南端长江取水口地区的湖北钉螺在血吸虫病非流行区山东省东平湖区可以繁殖到子3代,生存繁殖的时间不超过4个冬季、48个月,呈现逐年消亡趋势。报道了在中国大陆北纬35 055/地区,人工北移到此地的钉螺在湖滩铁丝笼内放养状态下生存繁殖的纵向观察结果。     

基于消除鄱阳湖生态经济区开发过程中环境保护成长上限的管理对策探讨

2009年鄱阳湖生态经济区开发上升为国家战略,鄱阳湖生态经济区的发展成为江西实现中部崛起的重要举措。但值得关注的是,经济区生态系统的保护、环境问题的改善必须放在重要地位,必须认真分析开发过程中遇到的地表及尘土污染防治差额、水资源污染防治差额、执法效能差额、环境管理与监控差额等环境保护的成长上限问题。为此,笔者根据成长上限的消除原理,提出管理对策。     

艾比湖湿地土壤粒度特征分析

为了探明阿拉山口大风对地表土壤粒度分布的影响，本文选取阿拉山口风向影响下的阿拉山口地区（A区域），博河、精河下游河岸带（B区域），阿奇克苏河下游河岸带（C区域）作为研究区，三个区域的表层土壤作为研究对象，以艾比湖湿地表层土壤粒度测试实验为基础，分析土壤粒度及空间分布的特征。平均粒径结果表明：阿拉山口区、博河，精河下游河岸带、阿奇克苏河下游河岸带粒径分别为101.49 μm、77.54 μm、49.82 μm；偏度特征为：三个区域的偏度均值结果显示为正偏态，分别为为4.01（阿拉山口区域）、3.71（博、精河区域）、2.77（阿其克苏河区域）。土壤质地分级结果为：阿拉山口区土壤质地以粗砂为主，博河，精河下游河岸带以沙砾和粉砂为主，阿奇克苏河下游河岸带以粉砂为主。上述结果定量地揭示了阿拉山口常年的风力侵蚀作用及其人类活动对该区域表层土壤粒度的影响。     

T1 and T2 mapping in myocarditis: seeing beyond the horizon of Lake Louise criteria and histopathology

Introduction: Myocarditis and its sequelae remain an unconquered clinical problem, disproportionately affecting the young. Several hurdles beset myocarditis, including non-specific symptoms, heterogeneous clinical presentation, dynamic disease stages, underscored by an absence of an easy diagnostic test or a specific treatment.

Areas covered: The current diagnostic means are poorly equipped to counter the challenge; the gold standard by invasive endomyocardial biopsy relies on availability of expert procedural and reading skill. The tissue diagnostic criteria were developed to improve readers agreement with clinical diagnosis, and not based on evidence for differential treatment or improved prognosis. The Lake-Louise Criteria represented a first step towards a non-invasive diagnosis. They require extensive imaging, which is insufficiently robust with poor diagnostic confidence and tissue pathophysiological validation; they similarly lack evidence of improved outcome by guiding clinical management. T1 and T2 mapping are a step-change, providing robust, short and quantifiable imaging application, which can veritably reflect the dynamic and heterogeneous underlying disease.

Expert commentary: T1 and T2 mapping harbours a unique potential for an objective non-invasive disease recognition and treatment discovery in myocarditis. These measures should enter independently into clinical experimentation, with a high priority for outcome and therapeutic studies.