ELISA检测襄虫病人血清循环抗原及其在疗效考核方面的应用

用快速双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ检测囊虫病人血清中的循环抗原，其阳性率为６７．５％；正常人血有的假阳性率为５．３３％；包虫、肝吸虫和弓形虫病人血清的交叉反应率分别为６．９％、７．５％和１２．５％。结果表明．该法与常规双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ相比具有较为敏感、快速、稳定和节省血清、试剂用量的优点，但其特异性有待进一步提高。用快速双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ和间接型ＥＬＩＳＡ检测第１至１０疗程囊虫病人血清中的循环抗原和抗体，表明检测循环抗原考核囊虫病人的治疗效果优于检测抗体     

间接血凝试验血滴纸片法诊断囊虫病的实验研究

本文对１２３例囊虫病人，３０例正常人，１９３例精神病患者和４５０例其他病人进行了间接血凝试验血滴纸片法检查，１２３例囊虫病人阳性率为９６．７％；３０例正常人的阳性率为３．３％。这表明接血凝试验血滴纸片法的敏感性和特异性很高。     

Neurocysticercosis in Persons with Epilepsy in Medellín,Colombia

Summary: Purpose: A prospective series of 643 persons with epilepsy attending a reference neurologic center in Medellin, Colombia, was examined by computed tomography (CT scan) or serology or both with the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EITB) to assess the prevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis. Methods: All presenting patients were consecutively enrolled in the study. Five hundred forty-six persons underwent cerebral CT scans; 376 of them also had serum EITB performed. Results: Prevalence of neurocys@ercosis by CT scan was 13.92%. Overall prevalence of T. solium antibodies with EITB was 9.82%, but for those with late-onset epilepsy (onset after age 30 years), prevalence increased to 17.5% and 19% for those who originated from outside urban Medellin. Seroprevalence in individuals with mixed lesions (cysts and calcifications) was 88.2% and 64.10% in those with live cysts. Conversely, only 2.72% of persons with CT findings not related to neurocysticercosis had positive EITB tests. Conclusions: Our study shows that an important proportion of individuals with epilepsy have radiologic or serologic evidence of T. solium infection, suggesting that neurocysticercosis is an important etiology for epilepsy in Colombia.     

NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH AFEBRILE SEIZURE: CLINICAL PROFILE,IMAGING AND SERODIAGNOSIS

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the major causes of childhood seizures in developing countries including India and Latin America. In this study neurological pediatric cases presenting with afebrile seizures were screened for anti-Cysticercus antibodies (IgG) in their sera in order to estimate the possible burden of cysticercal etiology. The study included a total of 61 pediatric afebrile seizure subjects (aged one to 15 years old); there was a male predominance. All the sera were tested using a pre-evaluated commercially procured IgG-ELISA kit (UB-Magiwell Cysticercosis Kit ^™). Anti-Cysticercus antibody in serum was positive in 23 of 61 (37.7%) cases. The majority of cases with a positive ELISA test presented with generalized seizure (52.17%), followed by complex partial seizure (26.08%), and simple partial seizure (21.73%). Headaches were the major complaint (73.91%). Other presentations were vomiting (47.82%), pallor (34.78%), altered sensorium (26.08%), and muscle weakness (13.04%). There was one hemiparesis case diagnosed to be NCC. In this study one child without any significant findings on imaging was also found to be positive by serology. There was a statistically significant association found between the cases with multiple lesions on the brain and the ELISA-positivity (p = 0.017). Overall positivity of the ELISA showed a potential cysticercal etiology. Hence, neurocysticercosis should be suspected in every child presenting with afebrile seizure especially with a radio-imaging supportive diagnosis in tropical developing countries or areas endemic for taeniasis/cysticercosis.     

广西中枢神经系统疾病患者囊虫感染调查及流行病学分析

目的了解广西壮族自治区中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病患者中脑囊虫感染状况，分析其流行特征。方法用ELISA法检测2000-2008年来自治区疾控中心就诊的CNS疾病患者的囊虫特异性抗体，并对抗体阳性患者进行囊虫病流行病学分析。结果2736例CNS疾病患者血清和／或脑脊液中囊虫特异性抗体阳性者403人，阳性率为14．73％。阳性者分布于全自治区55个县（市、区），大多集中在广西南部的南宁市及周边的贵港、武呜、宾阳、横县等市县，在阳性者的构成比中，农村高于城市，男性多于女性，成人多于青少年，农民多于其他职业者；2000年以后检出的囊虫抗体阳性率整体呈逐渐下降的趋势．但流行的区域却逐渐扩大，尤其在交通、经济落后，环境卫生较差的边远山区。结论脑囊虫感染是引起广西人群CNS疾病的一个重要原因之一，在重点地区特定人群中开展囊虫病防治，是减少CNS疾病发生的重要手段。因此．今后在全自治区，尤其在边远山区仍需加强囊虫病防治工作。     

猪囊尾蚴抗原cC1与γ-干扰素融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的： 构建含猪囊尾蚴抗原ｃ Ｃ１ ｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 与猪γ 干扰素（ Ｉ Ｆ Ｎ γ） 的融合表达载体。方法： 从已克隆的含人猪囊尾蚴共通抗原ｃ Ｃ１ 的质粒中, 用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 方法扩增出含酶切位点及接头的ｃ Ｃ１ 和 Ｉ Ｆ Ｎ γｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ, 两ｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 经接头融合后构建成融合形式的原核表达载体转入大肠杆菌 Ｘ Ｌ Ｂｌｕｅ。结果： 经酶切分析, 表明重组载体中含１５ｋｂ 插入片段。 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 显示一５２ ｋ Ｄａ 的诱导产物。结论： 猪 Ｉ Ｆ Ｎ γ和猪囊尾蚴抗原ｃ Ｃ１ 融合ｃ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 在大肠杆菌中获得表达。     

猪囊尾蚴病免疫和诊断抗原的分子生物学研究进展

猪囊尾蚴病是一种危害严重的人兽共患寄生虫病。猪囊尾蚴特异性和保护性抗原的研究是猪带绦虫病、猪囊尾蚴病免疫和诊断的基础。天然抗原来源有限,限制了其应用,而重组抗原的应用可解决质量控制和抗原来源的问题。该文就近年来猪囊尾蚴病免疫和诊断抗原的分子生物学研究进展进行了综述。     

安徽省猪带绦/囊虫病现状调查与疫情分析

目的摸清我省猪带绦(囊)虫病的流行和分布情况,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法按全国方案进行分层整群随机抽样,在全省共抽8个县(市)16个调查点(村)。对抽样村人群进行问卷调查、病原学检查、血清学检查;在抽样市、县医院进行囊虫病人的回顾调查。结果抽样村问卷调查16389人,食“米猪肉”史30人,其中13人有排节片史;粪便检查共4196人,猪带绦虫感染率为0%;血清学检查2500人,均为阴性。对综合及专科医院1991～2001年住院病人作囊虫病回顾性调查,共发现猪囊虫病住院病例1368例,比1980～1990年这些医院收治的病人数增长了1.46倍。结论尽管抽样点粪检和血清学调查没有发现猪带绦/囊虫人体感染,但囊虫病住院病人回顾性调查表明,我省的囊虫病疫情呈上升趋势。一定要加大对该病的防治力度。     

猪囊尾蚴病重组DNA疫苗pcDNA 3.1-TSO45W在小鼠体内诱导的体液免疫效应

目的观察基于六钩蚴期的猪囊尾蚴病基因疫苗TSO45W诱导的小鼠体液免疫应答。方法碱裂解法大量制备重组质粒pcDNA3.1-TSO45W及对照质粒pcDNA3.1。将45只雌性昆明小鼠(4~6周)随机分为3组,每组15只。A组(生理盐水组):每只小鼠肌肉注射生理盐水100μl;B组(空质粒pcDNA3.1对照组):每只小鼠肌肉注射空质粒100μg;C组(重组质粒pcDNA3.1-TSO45W组):每只小鼠肌肉注射重组质粒100μg。分别于免疫后2、4、6、8、10周以ELISA方法检测小鼠血清免疫球蛋白IgG,IgM及IgA含量。结果 pcDNA3.1-TSO45-4B免疫组小鼠血清IgG、IgM、IgA均于第4周开始升高,分别为(17.36±1.85)μg/ml、(9.25±1.78)μg/ml和(9.41±0.88)μg/ml,并分别于第8、第6、第8周达到最高,含量分别为(24.26±2.52)μg/ml、(10.69±0.52)μg/ml和(11.22±1.23)μg/ml,与空质粒对照组(B组)和生理盐水对照组(A组)比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论猪囊尾蚴保护性抗原TSO45WDNA疫苗能在小鼠体内诱导体液免疫效应。