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1.
白血病病人骨髓抑制期实施防感染措施时机的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 :研究白血病病人在化疗期间 ,不同时间实施预防感染护理的效果。方法 :对照组在化学疗法结束后给予预防感染的护理措施 ,实验组在化学疗法开始前 3~ 7d实施预防性护理措施。观察两组病人感染发生率。结果 :感染发生率实验组明显低于观察组。结论 :在化学疗法开始前实施预防性护理措施有助于降低感染发生率 相似文献
2.
泰素蒂加顺铂治疗进展期NSCLC的临床研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的观察泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效、毒副作用。方法收集可评价疗效的进展期非小细胞肺癌50例,以泰素蒂加顺铂方案进行化疗,泰素蒂75 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;顺铂25 mg/m2~30 mg/m2静脉滴注,第2天~第5天,每3周为一个周期,2~3周期后评价疗效和毒副反应并随访。结果50例患者中,总有效率为50.0 %,其中初治病例为53.1 %,复治病例为44.4 %,初复治病例间差异无显著性(P >0.05)。中位缓解期为5个月。中位生存期为9.5个月,1年生存率为61.0 %。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制,白细胞下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者52.0 %,血小板下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者为14.0 %。血红蛋白下降不严重。其他毒副反应还有脱发、过敏反应、水钠潴留、静脉炎、末梢神经炎、口腔炎、腹泻等,但发生率均较低。结论泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌,特别是复发病例,临床疗效比较满意,毒副反应能够耐受。辅以G蛳CSF可防治重度的骨髓抑制,有较好的临床应用价值。 相似文献
3.
目的:比较康泉及康泉合用地塞米松预防急性白血病化疗所致的胃肠道反应的效果。方法:在同一方案的不同疗程,分别单用康泉或康泉合用地塞米松,随机对照,共观察110疗程。结果:康泉及康泉合用地塞米松对预防化疗所致急性呕吐有效率分别为69.5%和95.1%,有明显差异(P<0.01);对于迟发性呕吐两组的有效率分别为74.555%和91.83%,亦有明显差异。结论:康泉和地塞米松合用对控制急性和迟发性恶性呕吐优于康泉单用 相似文献
4.
Does Additional Doxorubicin Chemotherapy Improve Outcome in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated by Liver Transplantation? 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Herwig Pokorny Michael Gnant Susanne Rasoul-Rockenschaub Bernd Gollackner Birgit Steiner Günter Steger Rudolf Steininger Ferdinand Mühlbacher 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(4):788-794
The aim of this prospective randomized study was to determine whether additional doxorubicin chemotherapy improves outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCA) treated by liver transplantation. Stratification parameters were tumor stage (UICC I-IVa), gender, age 50 years, α-fetoprotein 20 ng/mL, cirrhosis and HbsAg status. For pre-operative chemotherapy doxorubicin (15 mg/m2 ) was given biweekly, intra-operative chemotherapy was a single dose administered before surgical manipulation. Post-operative chemotherapy from day 10 was as given preoperatively for a total dosage of 300 mg/m2 . Outcome parameters were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival. Of the 75 consecutive patients who received liver transplantation for treatment of HCCA, 62 patients were enrolled. Thirty-four patients were randomized in the chemotherapy group; 28 patients were in the control group and transplanted only. OS rates at 5 years were 38% in the chemotherapy group and 40% in the control group, disease-free survival rates at 5 years 43% and 53%, respectively. Tumor stage and vascular invasion were identified as independent risk factors for recurrence of disease. Doxorubicin chemotherapy did not improve organ survival and disease-free survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation for HCCA. 相似文献
5.
Two different hepatoma cell lines were incubated for 48h with chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin, paclitaxel and 5-FU to determine their ability to induce cytotoxicity and DNA fragmentation as well as to modify the expression of some cell death-related genes that could be involved in the resistance to therapy. We observed that cisplatin and paclitaxel induced cytotoxicity, but significant differences between both cell lines, were found only in the case of paclitaxel. At 48h, apoptosis was clearly present in Hep3B cells treated with cisplatin and HepG2 cells treated with paclitaxel. 5-FU induced cytotoxicity in both cell lines but only at higher concentrations than the other two drugs, triggering apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells and only necrosis in Hep3B. When a time course was performed for the first 8h of treatment to elucidate the initial mechanism of cell death responsible for DNA fragmentation, we observed that 5-FU in Hep3B, and cisplatin in both cell lines, induces primary necrosis, whereas at the concentration tested here, paclitaxel clearly triggers apoptosis in both cell lines. HepG2 cells were weakly sensitive to 5-FU in the first 8h of treatment, so the primary mechanism of cell death was not clear, but results seem to indicate that it could be apoptosis. At 48h, Bax was not up-regulated with any of the treatments, whereas cisplatin was able to induce Bcl-xL down-regulation in both cell lines. Treatment with 5-FU also down-regulated Bcl-xL in HepG2 cells. We also measured variations in the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis that has also been involved in mitototic catastrophe. Hep3B cells seem to show an increase in protein levels with all treatments. Exposure to paclitaxel resulted in the highest effect. In the case of HepG2 cells, there was a decrease in survivin expression when cells were treated with 5FU and paclitaxel, both treatments showing complete loss of the protein. Using an antibody that recognizes unprocessed caspase-3, we observed that the enzyme was assumingly activated in HepG2 cells treated with 5FU and paclitaxel, but only weakly after treatment with cisplatin. Hep3B cells did not show activation since the levels of the pro-enzyme remained the same as that in the control. In conclusion, the three drugs tested in this study could induce cell death, with paclitaxel being more effective inducing apoptosis. 5FU was only effective at high doses and its mechanism seems to be primarily related to necrosis in Hep3B and probably apoptosis in HepG2. Cisplatin mechanism of cell death is probably mediated by the decrease in anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL whereas paclitaxel and 5FU are decreasing the apoptosis inhibitor survivin. According to pro-enzyme levels, caspase-3 was only activated in HepG2 cells, whereas in the case of Hep3B cells the mechanisms of toxicity appear to be caspase-3-independent at the time and concentrations tested in this study. The resistance of Hep3B cells to death induced by chemotherapy could be related to an increase in the expression of IAP survivin, which can decrease cell response to the treatment or even switch the type of death from apoptosis to another kind, making therapy less efficient. 相似文献
6.
目的探讨高能聚焦超声刀加氟脲嘧啶、四氢叶酸治疗晚期胰腺癌临床疗效及毒副作用。方法30例经病理学或细胞学确诊的晚期胰腺癌病人先用高能聚焦超声刀(HIFU)治疗,再予氟脲嘧啶、四氢叶酸联合化疗。氟脲嘧啶500mg/m^2加入5%GNS500ml静滴持续6小时以每天1次连用5天,CF(四氢叶酸)100mg/m^2加入生理盐水250ml静滴每天1次连用5天,28天为1周期,至少治疗2个周期。结果CR1例;PR9例;MR9例;NC5例;PD6例。总有效率63%。毒副作用主要消化道反应,其他副作用轻微。结论应用HIFU局部治疗胰腺癌同时合用四氢叶酸加氟脲嘧啶全身化疗近期疗效提高明显,止痛明显达75%,副反应小,值得应用。 相似文献
7.
目的研究低浓度5-Fu 24-小时持续化疗和高浓度5-Fu短时间化疗对BEL-7402肝癌细胞株的细胞周期的影响:方法用低浓度(1000.0μg/L)的5.Fu对BEL-7402肝癌细胞株进行持续24小时的培养(A组),用高浓度(50000.0μg/L)的5-Fu对BEL-1 7402肝癌细胞株进行2小时培养(B组),在培养后的不同时间点用流式细胞技术检测细胞周期的变化。结果A组结果显示:0h、4h、8h、12h、16h、20h和24h的S期细胞的百分数分别为25.23%、32.35%、39.28%、41.05%、46.02%、47.00%及47.14%。B组结果显示:0h、4h、8h、12h、16h、20h和24h的S期细胞的百分数分别为24.68%、68.43%、46.67%、43.67%、35.42%、33.22%及32.96%。结论5-Fu引起的S期细胞周期阻滞不但和浓度相关,也和作用时间相关。低浓度(1000.0μg/L)的5-Fu持续化疗较高浓度(50000.0μg/L)的5-Fu短时间(2小时)化疗更容易引起BEL-7402肝癌细胞株S期阻滞。 相似文献
8.
化疗病人的静脉保护 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
化疗病人因营养失调 ,骨髓抑制、药物反复刺激、损伤等原因造成血管硬化、塌瘪、脆性大 ,给护理工作带来了一定的难度 ,自 2 0 0 0年始 ,我们摸索出一套保护化疗病人静脉的方法 ,延长了静脉使用的次数和时间。1 临床资料自 2 0 0 0年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 1月 ,我科共收住病人 112 0人食道癌 36 0人 ,乳腺癌 2 6 0人 ,肺癌 30 0人 ,直肠癌 10 8人 ,其他癌 82人 ,其中化疗病人占 6 5 % ,我们均采取了从选择静脉到拔针后处理的方法收到了满意的效果。2 静脉保护2 .1 重视选择静脉 人们根据药物的刺激程度选择不同静脉 ,如强刺激化疗药物如 HN… 相似文献
9.
10.
Morphologic changes of the liver following chemotherapy for metastatic breast carcinoma: CT findings
Thirty patients with metastatic breast carcinoma to the liver underwent systemic chemotherapy. Twentyfour of these patients also received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, three in conjunction with hepatic artery embolization. The morphologic changes of the liver believed to be due to chemotoxic effect of treatment occurred in 27 patients, and were evaluated by serial computed tomography (CT) examinations. These included fatty changes in seven patients, severe cirrhotic changes in four, localized atrophy with regional contour changes in three, and areas of low density in the regions of previously treated metastases in 13. The CT features of cirrhosis included density changes along with nodular irregularity of the hepatic borders with marked decrease in liver size and development of ascites. 相似文献