Maîtrise des risques liés à la production des fluides de dialyse dans une unité de télédialyse

Objective

The “Centre Hospitalier Francois Dunan” is located on an isolated island and ensures patients care in hemodialysis thanks to telemedicine support. Many research studies have demonstrated the importance of hemodialysis fluids composition to reduce morbidity in patients on chronic hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to identify the risks inherent in the production of dialysis fluids in a particular context, in order to set up an improvement action plan to improve risk control on the production of dialysis fluids.

手术配合局部外用药治疗慢性肛门湿疹临床观察

目的:观察手术配合术后曲咪新加复方鱼肝油软膏混合膏局部换药治疗慢性肛门湿疹的疗效.方法:将93例慢性肛门湿疹患者随机分为治疗组(47例)和对照组组(46例),治疗组采用手术配合术后曲咪新加复方鱼肝油软膏混合膏局部换药,对照组采用亚甲蓝局部封闭配合术后皮炎平局部换药.观察两组患者术后长短期疗效.结果:治疗组短期有效率为93.61%,疗效优于对照组71.74%(P＜0.01);治疗组远期有效率为89.36%,优于对照组60.87%(P＜0.01).结论:本法治疗慢性顽固性肛门湿疹疗效确切、复发率低.     

Immunochemical characterization of mouse brain-associated theta (Thy-1) antigen.

The Thy-1 antigens or rat brain and thymus have been isolated and chemically characterized, but those of mice have not been identified. Moreover, it is uncertain whether the antigens are glycolipids or glycoproteins. This study with highly purified preparations of gangliosides GM₁, ¹GD_1a, GD_1b and GT_1b from bovine brain and several ganglioside fractions from mouse brain showed that Thy-1 activity does not reside in gangliosides, but rather in the chloroform-methanol-insoluble residue of brain remaining after extraction of gangliosides. The antigen could be solubilized from this residue with a non-ionic detergent. The antigenic activity of the solubilized preparation was heat-labile but resistant to periodate. The chemical properties of the Thy-1 antigen of mouse brain are discussed.     

Electrical behaviour in a line of anterior pituitary cells (GH cells) and the influence of the hypothalamic peptide, thyrotrophin releasing factor

Anterior pituitary cells of the GH line, which secrete prolactin spontaneously, showed spontaneous action potential activity. Thyrotrophin releasing factor, which increases secretion in these cells, caused a prompt increase of action potential frequency. Potassium, another secretagogue, depolarized the cells and sometimes initiated a burst of action potentials at the onset of this effect. The action potentials persisted in tetrodotoxin-containing and Na-free media, but were suppressed by the Ca-channel blocker, methoxyverapamil. Moreover, elevating the extracellular Ca²⁺ concentration increased the amplitude of the action potentials. These action potentials therefore have a prominent Ca component. This endows them with a particular interest since secretory activity of these cells is known to be dependent on extracellular Ca²⁺. Ba²⁺, which can substitute for Ca²⁺ in maintaining secretion, also substituted for Ca²⁺ in the maintenance of the action potentials. In addition, Ba²⁺ prolonged action potentials remarkably: tetraethylammonium was less effective in this regard.The several parallels between known secretory behaviour and electrical phenomena encourage the view that analysis of electrical activity in anterior pituitary cells may provide useful clues to events involved in stimulus-secretion coupling and in the secretory control exerted by the brain.     

中药材“地区习惯用药”渐趋分化论

论述了中药材“地区习惯用药”的由来与含义,近现代和历史上的“地区习惯用药”的实例以及产生“地区习惯用药”的原因,随品种性质判明而渐趋分化等。最后提出应该积极研究,促其分化,按其本质分类处理的建议。     

The relative ethylumbelliferone dealkylase activity characterizing the effect of different inducers on the hydroxylase system in the liver musomes of female mice

d,l-Camphor was detected as a new inducer of hydroxylase in the liver musomes of female mice. After a 2-day inhalation of d,l-camphor, cyt. P-450 and the ethylumbelliferone dealkylase were increased by 250 per cent and the NADPH-cyt. P-450 reductase by 350 per cent. The product [NADPH-cyt. P-450 reductase activity × cyt. P450 concentration] was shown to be a suitable reference parameter for the ethylumbelliferone dealkylase activity in the liver musomes during the treatment with four different inducers. The relative dealkylase activity Q was much decreased during inhalation of cyclohexane or d,l-camphor.

$\text{Q =}\text{mU ethylumbelliferone dealkylase}\text{mU NADPH-cty. P-450 reductase × nmoles cty. P-450/mg protein}$

Obviously these two inducers preferably enhanced cyt. P-450 species with a low dealkylase activity. The Q-values were reproducible. Q was increased by 100 per cent during induction of a MC-sensitive mouse strain with 3-methylcholanthrene, but it was only moderately decreased by induction with phenobarbital. Corresponding to this, methylcholanthrene is known to selectively induce a cyt. P-448 with high dealkylase activity whereas phenobarbital is known to change the hydroxylase specificity in the liver musomes not very much.     

作用于消化系统药物应用分析

目的：统计分析我院消化科作用于消化系统药物用药情况，提高临床合理用药水平。方法：应用电脑统计2002年9月4日～2003年5月6日我院消化科用药有效数据，采用金额排序法和DDDs排序法，对作用于消化系统药物进行统计分析。结果：用药金额和DDDs最高的是抗酸药及治疗消化系溃疡药类，具体药物是奥美拉唑。结论：我院消化科对作用于消化系统药物的使用基本合理。     

傣族保健茶用植物

近年来在云南西双版纳地区傣族民间医药调查研究和整理中．发现傣族从当地植物中选择了具有保健和药用功效的植物作为饮品，形成了独具民族特色和地方特色的保健茶，有开发保健饮料或药用茶价值，现介绍几种傣族常用茶用植物及其制法、用法和功效。     

石斛愈伤组织培养物的药用前景探讨

石解药材的自然资源严重枯竭。本研究从石斛重要药用有效成分多糖的角度出发,所作的愈伤组织培养物和它的原植物的比较,显示出石解愈伤组织培养物有可能代替原植物作药用,既解决石料药源紧缺,又带来保护环境生态和商业利益的理想途径。     

前臂内侧神经血管复合体岛状筋膜皮瓣的应用解剖

目的为前臂内侧神经血管复合体岛状筋膜皮瓣的应用提供解剖学基础。方法上肢标本18侧,显微剥离表皮组织,观察前臂内侧皮神经、贵要静脉及各自营养血管的起始、走行、分支、分布及与其它血管的吻合情况;新鲜整尸标本5具,动脉灌注显影剂,剥离体被组织于X光下摄影,分析皮动脉的分布及其与毗邻血管的关系。结果前臂内侧皮神经前支与贵要静脉伴行,两者周围分布着外径大于0.5 mm的营养动脉,平均3.4支,它们分别来自尺侧下副动脉、尺侧返动脉和尺动脉,营养动脉彼此吻合,形成动脉血管链。其中第一支位于肘横纹上21.25±6.33 mm,血管外径1.03±0.24 mm。结论可以在前臂内侧部切取神经血管复合体岛状筋膜皮瓣,供临床使用。