解毒保肝方对急性药物性肝损害模型小鼠的影响

目的 :研究解毒保肝方治疗急性药物性肝损害的作用机制。方法 :小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、水飞蓟宾葡甲胺组、解毒保肝方组,每组10只。空白对照组、模型组小鼠以生理盐水灌胃,水飞蓟宾葡甲胺组小鼠以水飞蓟宾葡甲胺片混悬液灌胃,解毒保肝方组小鼠以解毒保肝方水煎液灌胃,每日灌胃1次,共7次。末次灌胃后2 h,空白对照组以生理盐水0.1 m L/10 g灌胃,模型组、水飞蓟宾葡甲胺片组、解毒解毒保肝方组以40 mg/m L乙酰氨基酚片(AP)溶液0.1 m L/10 g灌胃,灌胃后禁食,不禁水。24 h后称重处死,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)、蛋白浓度、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果:与模型组比较,解毒保肝方可以降低AP所致急性药物性肝损害模型小鼠的ALT、AST,降低TNF-α活性,升高SOD,降低MDA,升高GSH。结论:解毒保肝方可能通过抑制过氧化反应及炎症反应,减少GSH消耗以对抗AP的肝毒性作用,且作用强于水飞蓟宾葡甲胺片。     

The Therapeutic Potential of Milk Thistle in Diabetes

Milk thistle has been known for more than 2.000 years as a herbal remedy for a variety of disorders. It has mainly been used to treat liver and gallbladder diseases. Silibum marianum, the Latin term for the plant, and its seeds contain a whole family of natural compounds, called flavonolignans. Silimarin is a dry mixture of these compounds; it is extracted after processing with ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Silimarin contains mainly silibin A, silibin B, taxifolin, isosilibin A, isosilibin B, silichristin A, silidianin, and other compounds in smaller concentrations. Apart from its use in liver and gallbladder disorders, milk thistle has recently gained attention due to its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. Recently, a substance from milk thistle has been shown to possess peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist properties. PPARγ is the molecular target of thiazolidinediones, which are used clinically as insulin sensitizers to lower blood glucose levels in diabetes type 2 patients. The thiazolidinedione type of PPARγ ligands is an agonist with a very high binding affinity. However, this ligand type demonstrates a range of undesirable side effects, thus necessitating the search for new effective PPARγ agonists. Interestingly, studies indicate that partial agonism of PPARγ induces promising activity patterns by retaining the positive effects attributed to the full agonists, with reduced side effects. In this review, the therapeutic potential of milk thistle in the management of diabetes and its complications are discussed.