Involvement in self-care and psychological well-being of Spanish family caregivers of relatives with dementia

The provision of continuous care to a dependent person can lead to a lack of self-care by the caregiver themselves with corresponding low levels of well-being. This well-being has been analysed mostly from within the perspective of the hedonic tradition, with the development of personal growth often being overlooked. This study aims to increase the understanding of the connection between this type of psychological well-being and involvement in self-care activities, and to be a starting point for the determination of categories that may serve in the screening of potential participants in social-health interventions where it is being promoted. Taking the hypothesis of a probable positive connection between psychological well-being and involvement in self-care, an observational study was carried out on 45 caregivers of relatives with dementia. In those caregivers showing greater dedication to self-care, a higher score was obtained on the well-being scales connected to personal significance and positive emotions and experiences. These findings were further reinforced by the identification of other positive connections, the involvement in self-care and the six dimensions of wellness contemplated by Ryff. It is possible to envisage the existence of a virtuous circle in respect of the caregiver, whereby a greater involvement in self-care is related to a higher psychological well-being, which in turn is related to greater self-care, and so on.     

Health and unhealth in chronic disease

When health is defined from a holistic view, traditional measures of control in diabetes, such as analysis of blood glucose or HbA1c, are of limited use as indicators of health and unhealth. On the other hand, evaluation of attitudes and certain personality variables might provide guidance both in discovering unhealth and in creating individual self-care programmes for its treatment. In the present study the subjective experience of health and unhealth was studied in a defined population of patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The patients could be divided into three categories: a) those not abandoning important goals because of their diabetes, b) "adapted abandoners" and, c) those abandoning vital aspects of life. On the basis of the findings, the question of how "problem patients" can be identified and treated is discussed.     

家庭康复对脑卒中患者ADL能力的影响

目的探讨家庭康复治疗对脑卒中患者日常生活能力（activities of dailyliving,ADL）的影响。方法对吉林市中心医院5年间收治的177例脑卒中患者提供指导性家庭康复治疗方法,并进行跟踪观察,日常生活能力采用Barthel指数（MBI）评定,肢体运动功能采用Fugl-Meyer（FMA）积分评定。结果家庭康复治疗对177例脑卒中患者均有效,FMA评分和MBI评分均较治疗前提高（P〈0．05）,而病史时间的长短对其ADL能力改善影响不大（P〉0．05）;但年龄因素对其改善有一定影响（P〈0．05）。结论家庭康复治疗,对不同时期的偏瘫患者在提高日常生活能力方面有着显著性作用,但随着年龄增加,其生活质量改善作用渐差。     

尿路造口患者自护能力现状及其影响因素分析

目的 调查尿路造口患者出院后自护能力的现状并分析其影响因素,旨在为该类患者自护能力的干预性研究提供依据.方法 于2019年6—9月选取门诊就诊的尿路造口患者为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、造口自我护理量表-早期版(SSCS-ESV)、中文版造口接受度问卷、自尊量表、社会影响量表(SIS)进行调查.结果 共收回有效问卷1...     

基于依从性曲线变化规律的分阶段健康指导在维持性血液透析病人中的应用

目的:探讨基于依从性曲线变化规律的分阶段健康指导在维持性血液透析病人中的应用效果。方法:将168例行维持性血液透析治疗的慢性肾病病人根据透析时间将病人分为对照组和观察组,每组84例,对照组行常规健康指导,观察组基于依从性曲线变化规律对病人实施健康指导,比较两组病人干预前后遵医行为、自我护理能力及血液透析并发症发生率。结果:干预后观察组病人遵医行为总分及各维度评分(合理饮食、控制液体摄入、血管通路维护、日常生活管理、规律运动、定期门诊随访)较对照组明显提高(P<0.05);干预后观察组病人自我护理能力总分及相关维度评分较对照组明显提高(P<0.05);观察组病人并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于依从性曲线变化规律的分阶段健康指导能有效提高维持性血液透析病人遵医行为及自我护理能力,从而降低病人血液透析并发症发生率。     

穴位气压疗法配合康复训练对帕金森病病人运动功能及自理能力的影响

目的:探讨穴位气压疗法配合康复训练对帕金森病病人运动能力及自理能力的影响。方法:选取2020年3月—2021年5月医院收治的64例帕金森病病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组各32例,两组病人均给予常规治疗和规律的康复训练,试验组在此基础上联合穴位气压治疗仪辅助治疗,比较两组病人运动功能(UPDRS-Ⅲ评分)和生活自理能力(Barthel评分)变化。结果:干预10周后,两组病人的运动功能和生活自理能力均提高,但试验组UPDRS-Ⅲ评分明显低于对照组,Barthel评分明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:穴位气压疗法配合康复训练可以明显改善帕金森病病人的运动功能,提高病人的生活自理能力,从而改善其生活质量。     

自我护理理论在预防妇产科术后疼痛中的效果

目的探究自我护理理论在预防妇产科术后疼痛中的效果。方法选取我院2018年1月-2019年2月期间治疗的妇产科手术患者130例,其中65例采用常规护理,为对照组;另外65例在护理中应用自我护理理论,为观察组。比较分析两组患者的术后疼痛(VAS)、术后住院时间、护理满意度和并发症发生率。结果观察组术后VAS评分(2.13±0.65)分和术后并发症发生率(4.62%)低于对照组[(3.52±0.74)分,(15.38%)],其住院时间(6.48±1.82)d短于对照组(8.75±2.11)d,护理满意度评分(92.34±4.33)分高于对照组(84.26±6.17)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对妇产科手术患者实施自我护理理论能够减轻患者术后疼痛,降低并发症发生率,缩短住院时间,提高护理满意度。