全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1289篇 |
免费 | 142篇 |
国内免费 | 36篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 8篇 |
儿科学 | 6篇 |
妇产科学 | 21篇 |
基础医学 | 161篇 |
口腔科学 | 19篇 |
临床医学 | 71篇 |
内科学 | 270篇 |
皮肤病学 | 13篇 |
神经病学 | 25篇 |
特种医学 | 16篇 |
外科学 | 506篇 |
综合类 | 106篇 |
预防医学 | 55篇 |
眼科学 | 44篇 |
药学 | 119篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 19篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 79篇 |
2021年 | 56篇 |
2020年 | 63篇 |
2019年 | 64篇 |
2018年 | 65篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 57篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 78篇 |
2012年 | 57篇 |
2011年 | 63篇 |
2010年 | 52篇 |
2009年 | 44篇 |
2008年 | 54篇 |
2007年 | 55篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 57篇 |
2004年 | 35篇 |
2003年 | 58篇 |
2002年 | 55篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 21篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1467条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Kayode Olayinka Afolabi Benson Chuks Iweriebor Chikwelu Lawrence Obi Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2019,66(1):412-421
The porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a swine infectious viral pathogen of great significance in global swine herds. It was recently detected at another Province of South Africa sequel to the first detection of North American‐like strain (PCV2a) at Gauteng about two decades ago, but there is a dearth of information about the genomic features and diversity of the viral strains in circulation within the country and the entire sub‐Saharan Africa region. To date, only one complete genome of the virus from South Africa is available on global data base. This current effort is therefore geared towards the full‐genome characterization of the circulating PCV2 strains in the pigs of Eastern Cape Province. With the use of conventional polymerase chain reaction method, fifteen complete PCV2 genomes were successfully amplified, sequenced and assembled from field samples obtained from non‐vaccinated pigs in the region. Neighbor Joining and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of the ORF2 gene and full genomes unanimously showed that most of the assembled genomes (11) belong to genotype PCV2b. Furthermore, three of the characterized sequences formed clade with other reference mutant PCV2b and PCV2b subtype 1C (i.e. PCV2d) strains from the USA, China and South Korea. The last sequence, however, clustered with other reference strains belonging to PCV2 intermediate clade 2 (PCV2‐IM2), recently identified in a global PCV2 strains phylogenetic analysis. This study reports the first complete genome sequences of PCV2b, PCV2d and PCV2‐IM2 in pigs from South Africa, and it gives a possible insight into the genetic characteristics and variability of the viral strains presently in circulation within the country. It further emphasizes the need for more stringent measures in curtailing the introduction and spread of transboundary swine pathogens in the country and entire Southern African region. 相似文献
2.
MONIQUE DAVRIL MIREILLE GUAY KIA-KI HAN FRANCOIS LAMY 《Chemical biology & drug design》1987,29(1):68-77
This report describes the use of photolysis and ozonolysis as a means of achieving complete cleavage of the pyridinium ring of (iso)desmosine in crosslinked elastin peptides. Although photolysis leads to the opening of the ring with concomitant formation of lysine, the peptide chains remain attached. Subsequent ozonolysis is able to completely achieve the cleavage of the rest of the ring skeleton, thus leading to the separation of the peptide chains. Formation of new amino acids, i.e. α-aminoadipic and glutamic acids, is emphasized. Localization of these amino acids within the released peptides should be of help in structural investigations on the crosslinking zones involving either isodesmosine or desmosine. However, other amino acids such as tyrosine and phenylalanine are sensitive to this procedure and side reactions occur which are responsible for peptide bond cleavage with the formation of breakdown products. 相似文献
3.
目的 寻找质粒 pGH/BL2 1在大肠杆菌中的最佳表达条件。方法 当它在大肠杆菌中表达时 ,考查不同IPTG诱导浓度及不同的诱导时间对表达产物的影响 ,表达产物的量以SDS -PAGE电泳方法分析。结果 该基因的最佳表达条件为 :IPTG诱导浓度 1.0mmol/L ,诱导时间 4h。结论 IPTG对不同的基因在不同的表达体系中需不同的诱导条件 ,只有找到它的最佳诱导条件才能保证终产物的最大产率 相似文献
4.
5.
OLE-GUNNAR ANFINSEN ERIK KONGSGAARD ARNOLD FOERSTER HALFDAN AASS JAN P. AMLIE 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1998,21(1):69-78
Interruption of atrial flutter and fibrillation by RF catheter ablation may be favored by large, elongated lesions. We administered RF current in unipolar and bipolar mode in porcine right atrium. Bipolar ablation was performed between the tip electrodes of two serially coupled catheters. With 4-mm tip electrodes in vitro, lesion length increased from a mean (SD) of 7.9 (1.2) mm at 3 mm-interelectrode distance (IED) to 13.3 (3.3) mm at 9-mm IED, but decreased at 12-mm IED due to nonconfluent lesions (P < 0.0001), With 4 mm distal electrodes and 8 mm IED, bipolar lesions were 65% longer than corresponding unipolar ablations. Switching to bipolar mode increased the lesion length more than increasing electrode tip length to 6 mm in unipolar mode. Power and temperature controlled ablation created equally sized lesions. Twelve anesthetized pigs were randomized to unipolar or two catheter bipolar temperature controlled ablation of the right atrial free wall. Bipolar ablation created confluent lesions with endocardial length × width of 13.5 (5.8) × 7.3 (3.7) mm, unipolar ablation 6.4 (2.8) × 4.6 (1.4) mm (P < 0.001 when comparing length and P = 0.013 for lesion width). The atrial lesions in both groups were transmural and extended into hilar lung lesions with maximal depth of 3.0 (1.1) and 2.6 (1.0) mm, respectively (P = 0.44). Five bipolarly and four unipolarly ablated pigs developed right diaphragmal paresis. We conclude that bipolar ablation may be preferable in situations where large, elongated lesions are favorable. The two catheter technique is feasible in porcine right atrium. Both bipolar and unipolar ablation of the porcine right atrial free wall may frequently be complicated by injury to the phrenic nerve and adjacent lung tissue. 相似文献
6.
目的 比较常频机械通气(CMV)、猪肺磷脂注射液联合CMV、猪肺磷脂注射液联合高频振荡通气(HFOV)治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭的疗效。方法 选择2019年1月至2020年12月南阳市中心医院收治的133例呼吸衰竭新生儿为研究对象,根据治疗方式将患儿分为对照组(n=41)、观察组A(n=45)和观察组B(n=47)。对照组患儿给予单纯CMV治疗,观察组A患儿给予猪肺磷脂注射液联合HFOV治疗,观察组B患儿给予猪肺磷脂注射液联合CMV治疗。比较3组患儿机械通气时间、用氧时间、治疗前后的呼吸力学指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、氧合指数(OI)、呼吸指数(RI)]和血清内皮素-1(ET-1)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、Ⅱ型肺泡表面抗原-6(KL-6)、Clara细胞蛋白16(CC16)水平及不良反应发生情况。结果 3组患儿的机械通气时间和用氧时间比较差异有统计学意义(F=12.658、26.196,P<0.05);观察组A和观察组B患儿的机械通气时间和用氧时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05),观察组A患儿的机... 相似文献
7.
Capacitation-dependent concentration of lipid rafts in the apical ridge head area of porcine sperm cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
van Gestel RA Brewis IA Ashton PR Helms JB Brouwers JF Gadella BM 《Molecular human reproduction》2005,11(8):583-590
Lipid architecture of the plasma membrane plays an important role in the capacitation process of the sperm cell. During this process, an increase in membrane fluidity takes place, which coincides with a redistribution of cholesterol to the apical region of the head plasma membrane and subsequently an efflux of cholesterol. Cholesterol is also a major player in the formation of lipid rafts or microdomains in the membrane. Lipid rafts favour specific protein-protein interactions by concentrating certain proteins in these microdomains while excluding others. In this study, we investigated the organization of lipid rafts during in vitro capacitation of boar sperm cells. We report on the presence of the lipid raft-specific proteins caveolin-1 and flotillin-1 in sperm cells. Capacitation induced a change in membrane distribution of these proteins. Lipid analysis on detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) of sperm cells indicated that capacitation induces a lipid raft concentration rather than a disintegration of lipid rafts, because the total amount of lipid in the DRM fraction remained unaltered. Using a proteomic approach, we identified several major DRM proteins, including proteins involved in capacitation-dependent processes and zona pellucida binding. Our data indicate that sperm raft reorganization may facilitate capacitation-specific signalling events and binding to the zona pellucida. 相似文献
8.
Arterial endothelial function in a porcine model of early stage atherosclerotic vascular disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Turk JR Henderson KK Vanvickle GD Watkins J Laughlin MH 《International journal of experimental pathology》2005,86(5):335-345
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and is projected to become the leading cause of mortality in the world. Atherosclerosis is the most important single factor contributing to this disease burden. In this study, we characterize relationships between endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease in an animal model of diet-induced, early-stage atherosclerotic vascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that hypercholesterolaemia induces vascular disease and impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in conduit arteries of adult male Yucatan pigs. Pigs were fed a normal fat (NF) or high fat cholesterol (HFC) diet for 20-24 weeks. Results indicate that, while the HFC diet did not alter EDR in femoral or brachial arteries, EDR was significantly decreased in both carotid and coronary arteries. Sudanophilic fatty streaks were significantly present in the abdominal aorta and common carotid artery. Histopathology revealed increased intima-media thickness (IMT) and foam cell accumulation in Stary Stage I-III lesions in the abdominal aorta, common carotid artery and femoral arteries. In the coronary arteries, the accumulation of foam cells in Stary Stage I and II lesions resulted in a trend for increased IMT. There was no evidence of vascular disease in the brachial arteries. These results indicate that early stages of CVD (Stary Stage I-III) precede decreases in EDR induced by HFC diet, because femoral arteries exhibited foam cell accumulation and an increased IMT but no change in endothelial function. 相似文献
9.
静态与动态下脱细胞猪主动脉瓣种植人成纤维细胞初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探索在脱细胞猪主动脉瓣膜材料上种植人成纤维细胞的方法与效果;材料和方法 采用在脱细胞猪主动脉瓣膜材料上静态与动态种植人成纤维细胞,并对其结果进行比较研究。结果 静态种植不能在猪主动脉瓣叶的两侧形成完整的单层人成纤维细胞融合层;而经过动态种植,在一定条件下可以在猪主动脉瓣叶两侧形成完整的单层人成纤维细胞融合层;结论 动态种植较之静态种植易达到形成完整均匀的细胞种植效果。 相似文献
10.
家猪心脏纤维支架的大体解剖 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的 观察猪心纤维支架 ,为猪心的研究和比较解剖学积累资料。方法 取甲醛固定后的猪心2 7例 ,液态塑料浸渍的塑化猪心 5例 ,解剖显示纤维支架后用游标卡尺进行观测。结果 猪心左纤维三角的三边分别平均为 17 4 1± 1 99mm、18.96± 3.2 6mm和 17.6 4± 2 .4 4mm ;右纤维三角三边分别为 15 .83± 2 .11mm、16 .19± 1.94mm和 2 0 .96± 2 .6 2mm ;二尖瓣环、三尖瓣环的周长平均为 73.0 0± 9.71mm ,6 8.89±7.2 4mm ;主动脉瓣环和肺动脉瓣环直径分别为 18.4 4± 2 .89mm和 16 .0 3± 2 .6 3mm ;猪Todaro腱呈扁带状 ,走行部位较深 ,且分支较人心多 ,长度为 2 0 98± 4 2 0mm。结论 猪心纤维支架与人类形态结构相似 ,但瓣环周长和Todaro腱形态有一定差别。 相似文献